A Critical Analysis on pharmaceutical study of Chyawanprasha Rasayana

ISSN: 2456-3110 REVIEW ARTICLE Mar-Apr 2018 Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences | Mar - Apr 2018 | Vol. 3 | Issue 2 78 A Critical Analysis on pharmaceutical study of Chyawanprasha Rasayana Sunil Kumar Dalal Assistant Professor, Department of Rasashastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana, National College of Ayurveda, Barwala, Hisar, Haryana, India. I NTRODUCTION Human Chyawanprasha is one of the most popular Ayurvedic preparations placed under ‘Rasayana’ group of drugs which aims at maintaining physique, vigour, and vitality, while delaying the aging process [1] Chyawanprasha is named after sage Chyawana , who first consumed the formulation to impart youth, charm, vigour and longevity [2] It is a comprehensive herbal tonic, which serves as a nutrient for healthy individuals includes around fiftyherbs including Amlaki as major ingredient. Being the major ingredient and richest source of vitamin C (not deteriorated on heat exposure during preparation), [3] it plays a major Address for correspondence: Dr. Sunil Kumar Dalal Assistant Professor, Department of Rasashastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana, National College of Ayurveda, Barwala, Hisar, Haryana, India. E-mail: sunil 20388@gmail.com Submission Date : 25/03/2018 Accepted Date: 26/04/2018 Access this article online Quick Response Code Website: www.jaims.in DOI: 10.21760/jaims.v 3 i 02.12092 role in pharmacology of Chyawanprasha [4] Amalaki also furnishes Chyawanprasha at least with five tastes such as sweet, sour, bitter, pungent and astringent [5] Sugar and honey also provide sweet taste, which is Sarvadhatuvivardhanah (responsible for the proper development of body tissues) [6] Above all it can be consumed in all seasons, as it contains ingredients, which are weather friendly nullifying the unpleasant effects due to extreme environmental and climatic conditions [7,8] Along the time, as new Ayurvedic texts were written, variations started in the way of preparation of Chyawanprasha . In today's era, number of Ayurvedic medicines including Chyawanprasha is being manufactured by the herbal companies in their own way. The Charaka Samhita, which is the oldest Ayurvedic text, method that has been described is the best way to prepare Chyawanprasha . Present article is a humble attempt to analyze the pharmaceutical properties of Chyawanprasha prepared with all the possible scriptural directions as in Charaka , so that the people get same health benefits by consuming Chyawanprasha as ancient. People around the world now use Chyawanprasha , as anti-stress, anti-ageing, immunity booster, vitalize and a comprehensive general tonic. Chyawanprasha improves all aspects of health when taken regularly. (Table 1) A B S T R A C T Chyawanprasha is a widely consumed dietary supplement, which is very much popular for its nutritional value. In Ayurveda, Chyawanprasha Avaleha is classified under the category of Rasayana , which aims at maintaining vigour, vitality and physique, while delaying the ageing process. It is believed that Chyawanprasha helps not only in maintaining homeostasis but also increases immunity of the body. There are various references for Chyavanprasha Avaleha in Ayurvedic texts. Among them, references in Charaka Samhita and Sharngadhara Samhita are significant. Here, in this article an attempt has been made to analyze the preparation of Chyawanprasha according to Charaka Samhita . Chyawanprasha deserves a scientific exploration so as to document its therapeutic utility. Key words: Chyawanprasha, Charaka Samhita, Sharangadhara Samhita, Immunity, Rasayana.

Sunil Kumar Dalal. A Critical Analysis on pharmaceutical study of Chyawanprasha Rasayana ISSN: 2456-3110 REVIEW ARTICLE Mar-Apr 2018 Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences | Mar - Apr 2018 | Vol. 3 | Issue 2 79 M ATERIAL AND M ETHODS Collection of the drug Ingredients of Chyawanprasha were procured from local area of Hisar, Haryana, India. Each of the plant ingredient of this formulation were taken in the quantity of one Pala (48 gm) as per given in Charaka Samhita , viz. Bilva, Agnimantha, Shyonaka, Patala, Kashmarya/Gambhari, Bala, Prishniparni, Shalaparni, Mudgaparni, Mashaparni, Pippali, Gokshura, Bruhati, Kantakari, Shrungi, Tamalaki, Draksha, Jivanti, Pushkaramoola, Agaru, Abhaya, Guduchi, Varahikanda, Vidarikanda, Vidarikanda, Shati, Musta, Punarnava, Shatavari, Ela, Chandana, Utpala, Vidarikanda, Vasa Moola, Ashvagandha, Kaknas along with five hundred (500) Amalaki fruits [9] Above all Vanshalochana (192 g / 4 pala), Pippali (96 g/2 pala), Twaka (48 g / 1 pala), Ela (48 g / 1 pala), Patra / Tamalapatra (48 g /1 pala), Nagkeshara (48 g /1 pala) were taken as Prakshepa Dravya. Their characteristics were authenticated by the Department of Dravyaguna, National College of Ayurveda, by correlating their morphological and microscopic features with relevant literature. (Table 1) Table 1: Ingredients of Chyawanprasha according to Charaka Samhita [10] and their properties. [11] SN Plant name Botanical names Part used Properties 1 Bilva Aegle marmelos Correa . Rt./St Bk. Useful in chronic dysentery, diarrhoea and dyspepsia. 2 Agnimantha Premna integrifoli a Rt./St Bk. Laxative helps in indigestion and Cough. 3 Shyonaka Oroxylum indicum Rt./St Bk. General debility, diarrhea and dysentery. 4 Patala Stereospe rmum suaveolen s Rt./St Bk. General debility, dyspepsia, blood disorders, cough and acidity. 5 Kashmarya/Ga mbhari Gmelina arborea Rt./St Bk. Promotes lactation and helps in indigestion 6 Bala Sida cordifolia Pl. Cardiotonic, stomachic, aphrodisiac and general tonic. 7 Prishniparni Uraria picta Pl. General debility, nervine tonic, cardiac and blood disorders, antidote for snake venom 8 Shalaparni Desmodiu m bulbifera Pl. General debility, nervine tonic, cardiac, blood and respiratory disorders. 9 Mudgaparni Phaseolus trilobusse nsu Pl. Aphrodisiac, mild sedative, general debility, malnutrition and fatigue 10 Mashaparni Teramnus labialis Pl. Aphrodisiac, mild sedative, general debility, malnutrition and fatigue 11 Pippali Piper longum Fr. General debility, dyspepsia, flatulence, respiratory tract infection. 12 Gokshura Tribulus terrestris Pl. Aphrodisiac, diuretic andcardiotonic 13 Bruhati Solanum indicum Pl. Cardiotonic, astringent, carminative and helps inflatulence 14 Kantakari Solanum xanthocar pum Pl. Mucolytic, expectorant, allergic bronchitis, bronchial asthma and common cold 15 Shrungi Pistacia integerrim a Gl. Expectorant, carminative, anorexia, cholagogue, cough and asthma.

Sunil Kumar Dalal. A Critical Analysis on pharmaceutical study of Chyawanprasha Rasayana ISSN: 2456-3110 REVIEW ARTICLE Mar-Apr 2018 Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences | Mar - Apr 2018 | Vol. 3 | Issue 2 80 16 Tamalaki Phyllanth us niruri Pl. Appetizer, cholagogue, laxative, hepatoprotective and antiviral. 17 Draksha Vitis vinifera Dr.Fr. Nutrient, stomachic, demulcent, laxative, anorexia, hepatoprotective, dyspepsia and constipation 18 Jivanti Leptadeni a reticulate Rt. Cooling eye tonic, nutrient and aphrodisiac. 19 Pushkaramool a Inula racemose Rt. Cardiotonic, carminative, antiseptic, diuretic, dyspepsia, indigestion, chronic cough and general debility. 20 Agaru Aquilaria agallocha Ht.Wd . Aromatic, neurotrophic, carminative and aphrodisiac 21 Abhaya Terminali a chebula P. Neurotrophic, carminative, infertility, cardiac and liverdisorders 22 Guduchi Tinospora cordifolia St. General tonic, immunomodulato r, helps in degenerative disorders. 23 Varahikanda Dioscorea bulbifera (Substituti on for Riddhi ) Sub.Rt .Tr. Aphrodisiac, useful in acidity and ulcers. 24 Vidarikanda (Substituti on for Jivaka ) Rt.Tr. Aphrodisiac, tonic helps in nervous debility, skin problems, hepatic disorders and constipation. 25 Vidarikanda (Substituti on for Rishabhak Rt.Tr. Aphrodisiac, tonic helps in nervous debility, skin a ) problems, hepatic disorders and constipation. 26 Shati Curcuma zedoaria Rz. Stimulant, tonic, depurative, vertigo and during pregnancy 27 Musta Cyperus rotundus Rz. Neurotrophic, carminative, helps in constipation,hepa toprotective. 28 Punarnava Boerhaavi a diffusa Pl. Cardiotonic, hematinic, diuretic and helps in anemia 29 Shatavari Asparagus racemosu s (Substituti on for Meda ) Rt.Tr. Aphrodisiac, nutrient, potent galactogogue, good tonic for lactating mothers 30 Ela Elettaria cardamo mum Sd. General tonic, useful in anorexia and flatulence. 31 Chandana Santalum album Ht.Wd . Aphrodisiac, tonic helps in nervous debility, skin problems 32 Utpala Nelumbiu m speciosum Fl. Neurotropic, cardiotonic and helps in general debility. 33 Vidarikanda Pueraria tuberose Rt.Tr. Aphrodisiac, tonic helps in nervous debility, skin problems, hepatic disorders and constipation. 34 Vasa Moola Adhatoda vasica Rt. Cardiotonic, expectorant, diuretic, cardiac and respiratory disorders. 35 Ashvagandha Withania somnifera (Substituti on for Kakoli ) Rt. Aphrodisiac, antioxidant, loss of memory, loss of muscular energy

Sunil Kumar Dalal. A Critical Analysis on pharmaceutical study of Chyawanprasha Rasayana ISSN: 2456-3110 REVIEW ARTICLE Mar-Apr 2018 Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences | Mar - Apr 2018 | Vol. 3 | Issue 2 81 36 Kaknasa Martynia diandra Fr. Hepatotonic, cholagogue, laxative, anorexia, indigestion and constipation 37 Aamlaki Emblica officinalis Fr. Rejuvenative, Neurotropic, Hepatoprotective, antioxidant, cardiotonic, rich source of vitamin C 38 Ghrita Cow’s ghee - Nutrient 39 Tila Taila Sesame oil - Nutrient 40 Khanda Sharkara Sugar candy - Sweetening agent. Rt./St.Bk. - Root/ Stem Bark, Pl. - Plant (Whole), Fr. - Fruit, Gl. - Gall, Dr. Fr.- Dry Fruit, Rt.- Root, Ht.Wd. - Heart wood, P. - Pericarp, St. - Stem, Sub.Rt.Tr.- Substitute Root Tuber, Rt.Tr.- Root Tuber. Table 2: Prakshepaka Dravya . S N Plant name Botanical names Part used Properties 1 Vamshalochana Bambusaa rundinacea S.C Stimulant, astringent and aphrodisiac. 2 Pippali Piper longum Fr. General debility, dyspepsia, flatulence, respiratory tract infection. 3 Twak Cinnamomum zeylanicum St.Bk. Anemia, general debility, abdominal distension andanorexia. 4 Ela Elettaria cardamomum Sd. General tonic, useful in anorexia and flatulence. 5 Patra/Tamalpatr a Cinnamomum tamala Lf. Helps in general debility, anorexia and indigestion, uterine stimulant. 6 Nagakeshara Mesua ferrea Stmn . Nutrient, cardio tonic, brain tonic, carminative and appetizer. 7 Madhu Honey - Mild laxative, bactericidal, sedative, antiseptic, useful for cold, cough, fever, sore eyes, throat, tongue, duodenal ulcers and liver diseases. S.C - Silicacious Concretion, Fr. - Fruit, St. Bk.- Stem Bark, Sd.- Seed, Lf. - Leaf, Stmn. - Stamens. Preparation of the formulation All the herbs of the decoction (from 1 to 36 in table 1) were coarsely powdered and suspended in around 12.3 liters of water. 500 Ripe fresh Aamlaki (each weighing around 15-20 gm, total weight approximately 9 kg) bundled in a clean white cotton cloth and are immersed into the above suspension of herbs and water. Mixture was boiled till the volume was reduced to one quarter (around 3 liters) i.e. decoction was prepared. After removing the cloth, seeds were discarded from Aamlaki ; rubbed the peels of Aamlaki on a mesh, fibers were discarded and finally, Aamlaki Pisthi (paste of the Indian gooseberries) was prepared. Decoction was filtered and marc was discarded. Amalaki Pisthi was fried with 288 gm Go - ghruta and 288 gm Tila Taila (Sesame oil) in an iron pan and heated until turned to reddish brown. Sugar syrup was prepared by dissolving 2.4 kg of Khandasharkara (Sugar candy) in the prepared

Sunil Kumar Dalal. A Critical Analysis on pharmaceutical study of Chyawanprasha Rasayana ISSN: 2456-3110 REVIEW ARTICLE Mar-Apr 2018 Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences | Mar - Apr 2018 | Vol. 3 | Issue 2 82 decoction. In the sugar syrup Aamalaki pishti was added and the iron pan containing Pisthi was heated until ghee starts separating. After removing the pan from fire, Go-ghrita and powder of Prakshepadravya (condiments) was mixed. After cooling, 288 g (6 pala) old honey was added and finally the finished product, which was dark shining brown in colour semisolid in consistency, was prepared. O BSERVATIONS Being an Avlehakalpana, Chyawanaprasha was observed and studied with the standard “ Avaleha Siddhi Lakshana ” mentioned in t he Ayurvedic classical texts [12] i.e. Asannapaka Lakshna like Darvi Pralepatvam (sticks to the stirrer), Tantunatvam (come up as thread like if taken out in a rod), Apsumajjanam (should settle down when dropped in water), Sthiratvam ( stable on shaking) Patite Na Shiryatvam (not scatter after falling on the floor) and Paka Siddha Lakshana includes Pidite Mudra (gives finger prints, when pressed between fingers), Sukhamarda (soft and pills should be formed when taken between fingers and rubbed), Sukhasparsha (soft to touch), Gandha Varna Rasodabhava (good odour, colour and taste). Paka Siddha Lakshana indicates the completion of Paka and then heat must be stopped. The final product had organoleptic character such as Amla, Madhura, Kashya Rasa , blackish brown colour, Ghrutagandhi (typical sweet smell like Ghruta ) appeared during Paka and in final product, all the Siddhi Lakshana for Paka appeared as mentioned above. Chyawanprasha (12-28 gm = 1 Karsha ) [13] is taken with 100-250 ml milk as Anupaana. [14] It is advised to avoid milk and curd intake for individuals suffering from asthma/respiratory disorders [15] DISCUSSION Avaleha Kalpana is a dosage form known for its palatability and shelf life. Khanda Sharkara (crystalline sugar) and Aamlaki are used in maximum quantity. Khanda Sharkara, which is a sucrose is used to form the strong solution i.e. syrup. Strong solutions of sucrose prevent the decomposition to which the matter extracted from vegetable to the great osmotic pressure excreted by the sucrose solution, which is inhibitory to the development of the bacteria, fungi and moulds which are the chief causes of such decomposition, [16] secondly it provides sweetness to the formulation. So we can say it increase the self-life and also palatability of the product. Aamlaki fruits are rich inascorbic acid and researchers showing that ascorbic acid in Aamla is more stable than in any other sources during heating. Several authors [17-20] have reported that the chemical constituents of Aamla (e.g. polypnenols, tannins, leucoanthocyanins and other antioxidants) protect ascorbic acid of Aamla from destruction [20] Aamlaki also having a wide range of medicinal value such as Skin anti-aging, [19,20] Immuno-modulatory, [23-28] Antioxidant [29-32] which directly refer its Rasayana property. Honey [33] and Ghrita [34] which works as ‘a carrier of herbs’, called as Yogavahi , helps in absorption of various herbs deep into the tissues [35] The ingredients of Chyawanprasha such as Nagkesara, Tamalapatra, Elaichi, Dalchini, Patla, Arni, Gambhari, Bel, Arlu, Shalparni, Draksha, Harde, Honey, Bhumyaamalaki, Kachur, Pushkarmool, Nagarmotha, Kaknasa, Vidari Kanda and Agar help in correcting digestive system related complaints [36,37] Pippali, Kantakari, Kakdashingi, Bhumyaamalaki, Vasaka, Pushkarmoola, Prishniparni, Arni, Shalparni, Til oil and Amalaki help in nourishing the respiratory system [38] Nagkesar, Guduchi, Nagarmotha, Vidari Kanda, Kanwal, Agar, Ashwagandha, Shalparni, Prishnaparni and Amalaki help to sharpen the CNS. It also lowers cholesterol levels by improving blood lipid profile [39,40] It is effective and enhances libido and fertility in both the sexes. It thickens semen in males and streamlines menstrual cycle in females [41,42] REFERENCES 1 Govindrajan R, Singh DP, Rawat AKS (2007). High performance liquid chromatographic method for the quantification of Chyavanprash a potent Ayurvedic drug. J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal. 43:527-532.

Sunil Kumar Dalal. A Critical Analysis on pharmaceutical study of Chyawanprasha Rasayana ISSN: 2456-3110 REVIEW ARTICLE Mar-Apr 2018 Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences | Mar - Apr 2018 | Vol. 3 | Issue 2 83 2 www.doshabalance.com/ayurvedicmedicalfoods/chyawanprash.html, Dated 25-06-2005. 3 Bhandari CR, Vanoshadhi Chandrodaya, Vol I, Gyan- Mandir, Bhanpura, 1938, p.112. 4 Wagh VD, Wagh KV . Bhaishaja Kalpana: Ayurvedic Preparations. Indian J. Pharm. 2010, 1(1):73-76. 5 Charak Samhita, Chikitsasathanam, Vol II, Motilal Banarasidas, Banaras, 1954, 4 6 R. B. Rama. Ashtanga Sangraha of Vagbhata. Sootrashana; Rasabhedeeyamadhyayam: 18, 7-8. Varanasi:chowkambhaVishwabharati oriental publishers, 2006: 278 7 Ayurved Sarsangarah, Shree Baidyanath Ayurved Bhawan Pvt Ltd, Calcutta, 1965, 540. 8 Trivedi RP, BhaishajayKalpana, (DhanvantariKaryalaya,Vijayagarh, Aligarh), 1951, 260. 9 Trikamji Yadavji Achaarya, Charaka Samhita, Ayurveda Deepika, Chakrapani commentary, Ist edition, Chaukhamba Surbharati Prakashana, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 2017,p. 379 10 Charak Samhita, Chikitsasathanam, Vol II, Motilal Banarasidas, Banaras, 1954, 4 11 Milind Parle et.al. Traditional medicinal formulation, Chyawanprasha – A review, Indian Journal of Traditional Knowledge, Vol 5, 2006. 12 Agnivesha, Charaka Samhita, ed. JadavajiTrikamjiAcharya, Varanasi: ChaukhambhaOrientalia; 2008. Kalpa Sthana 3/15 -17, p.658. 13 Gada Nigraha, ed. Yadavji Trikamji, Commentary on Lehadhikara. Varanasi: Chaukhambha Orientalia, p.297. 14 Sharma RD, Malviya MM, Chyawanprash se kaya kalpa vat labh kyon nahin? Ayurved Mahasammelan Patrika, October 1971, p.399. 15 Anonymous, Ayurvediya Aushadiyan & Samanaya Gharelu Upchar, Kendriya Ayurveda & Sidh Anusandhan Parishad, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Govt. of India, 1988, p.40. 16 Remington, The Science and Practice of Pharmacy, Vol. I. 21 st ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2005.p.730 17 Dhital, S. (1999). Study on the Thermal Stability of Ascorbic Acid in Amla. A dissertation submitted to CCT, TU. Fisher, P. and Bander , A. E (1975). “The Value of Food” (2 nd edition), Oxford University Press. p.44. 18 Barthakur N. N. and Arnold, N. P. (1990). Chemical Analysis of Emblic (Phyllanthusemblica L.) and its Potential as a Food Source. ScintiaHorticulturae. 47: 98-105. 19 Gopalan, C. I., Ramasastri, B. V. and Bal Subramanian, S. C. (1993). “Nutritive values of Indian foods.” National institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad 500007, India. pp.17 and 18. 20 Suman, Amit & Thapaliya, Pratigya & Dahal, Santosh & Katawal, Surendra. KINETIC THERMAL DEGRADATION OF ASCORBIC ACID IN AMLA (PHYLLANTHUS EMBLICA L.). Food Conference Kathmandu, Nepal, 2014. 21 Chaudhari RK, Emblica cascading antioxidant: A novel natural skin care ingredient,Skin Pharmacology and Applied Skin Physiology,15(3), 2002, 374-380. 22 FujiiT, Wakaizumi M, Ikami T, Saito M, Amla (Emblica officinalis Gaertn.) extract promotes procollagen production and inhibits matrix metalloproteinase-1 in human skin fibroblasts, Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 119, 2008, 53-57. 23 Madhuri S, Studies on estrogen induced uterine and ovarian carcinogenesis and effect of ProImmu in rat, PhD thesis, Jabalpur, MP, RDVV, 2008. 24 Krishnaveni M, Mirunalini S, Chemopreventive efficacy of Phyllanthusemblica L. (amla) fruit extract on 7,12- dimethylbenz(a)anthracene induced oral carcinogenesis - A dose response study, Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology, 34(3), 2012, 801-10. 25 Adil MD, Kaiser P, Satti NK, Zargar AM, Vishwakarma RA, Tasduq SA, Effect of Emblica officinalis (fruit) against UVB - induced photoaging in human skin fibroblasts, Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 132(1), 2010, 109-14 26 Deep G, Dhiman M, Rao AR, Kale RK, Chemopreventive potential of Triphala (a composite Indian drug) on benzo(a)pyrene induced fore stomach tumorigenesis in murine tumor model system, Journal of Experimentaland Clinical Cancer Research, 24(4), 2005, 555-63. 27 Varadacharyulu N, Damodara Reddy, Padmavathi P, Paramahamsa M, Modulatory role of Emblicaofficinalis against alcohol induced biochemical and biophysical changes in rat erythrocyte membranes, Food and Chemical Toxicology, 47, 2009, 1958-63. 28 Bhattacharya SK, Bhattacharya A, Sairam K, Ghosal S, Effect of bioactive tannoid principles of Emblicaofficinalis on ischemiareperfusion induced

Sunil Kumar Dalal. A Critical Analysis on pharmaceutical study of Chyawanprasha Rasayana ISSN: 2456-3110 REVIEW ARTICLE Mar-Apr 2018 Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences | Mar - Apr 2018 | Vol. 3 | Issue 2 84 oxidative stress in rat heart, Phytomedicine, 9(2), 2002, 171-4. 29 Prakash D, Upadhyay G, Gupta C, Pushpangadan P, Singh KK, Antioxidant and free radical scavenging activities of some promising wild edible fruits, International Food Research Journal, 19 (3), 2012, 1109 30 Nripendranath, Bibhabasu H, Rhitajit S, Santanu B, Comparative study of the antioxidant and reactive oxygen species scavenging properties in the extracts of the fruits of Terminalia chebula, Terminalia belerica and Emblica officinalis, BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine,10, 2010, 31 Kumar A, Singh A, Dora J. Essential perspectives for Emblica officinalis, International journal of pharmaceutical and chemical sciences, 1(1), 2012, 11- 18. 32 Deep G, Dhiman M, Rao AR, Kale RK, Chemopreventive potential of Triphala - A composite Indian drug) on benzo(a)pyrene induced fore stomach tumorigenesis in murine tumor model system, Journal of Experimental and Clinical Cancer Research, 24(4), 2005, 555-63. 33 Tripathi RD, Ashtang Sangraha, Chaukhambha Sanskrit Pratishthan, Delhi, 2003, p.106. 34 Acharya YT, editor. Charaka, Charaka Samhita, with Chakrpaanidatta; Ayurveda Dipika commentary. 1 st ed. Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India: Chaukhambha Orientalia; 1984. p.166 35 Chunekar KC, Bhava Prakasha Nighantu, Chaukhambha Bharati Academy, Varanasi), 2002, p.788. 36 Sharma PV, Dravayaguna Vigyana, Vol II, (Chaukhamba Bharati Academy, Varanasi), 2003, p. 535. 37 Trikam Y, Dravya Guna Vigyanam, Shree Sharma Ayurveda Mandira, Datiya, 1979, p.465. 38 Sharma PV, Clinical Uses of Medicinal Plants, Chaukhambha Visvabharati, Varanasi, p.1996, 39 Manjunatha S, Jaryal AK, Bijlani RL, Sachdeva U & Gupta SK, Effect of Chyawanprash and vitamin C on glucose tolerance and lipoprotein profile, Ind J Physio Pharmacol, 45 (2001) 71. 40 Thakur CP, Thakur B, Sinha PK & Sinha SK, The Ayurvedic medicines Haritaki, Amla and Bahira reduce cholesterol induced atherosclerosis in rabbits, Int J Cardiol, 21 (1988) 41 Sharma PV, Cakradatta: A Treatise on Principles and Practices of Ayurvedic Medicine, Chaukhambha Orientalia, Varanasi, 1954, 129. 42 Shastri AD, Bhaishjya Ratnavali, Chaukhambha Sanskrit Bhawan, Varanasi, 1996, p.286 ******************************* How to cite this article: Sunil Kumar Dalal. A Critical Analysis on pharmaceutical study of Chyawanprasha Rasayana. J Ayurveda Integr Med Sci 2018;2:78-84. http://dx.doi.org/10.21760/jaims.v 3 i 02.12092 Source of Support: Nil, Conflict of Interest: None declared.

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