A Critical Review on use of Gudodaka in Sutika Paricharya

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ISSN: 2456-3110 REVIEW ARTICLE July-Aug 2017 Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences | July - Aug 2017 | Vol. 2 | Issue 4 263 A Critical Review on use of Gudodaka in Sutika Paricharya M Shruthi, 1 N.V. Gayathri Bhat, 2 H. L. Kavyashree, 3 Shashibindu 4 1 Post Graduate Scholar, 2 Professor, 3 Assistant Professor, Department of Prasuti Tantra and Stree Roga, 4 Assistant Professor, Department of Agada Tantra, Sri Dharmasthala Manjunatheshwara College of Ayurveda and Hospital, Hassan, Karnataka, India. I NTRODUCTION Women will pass through multiple events in her life, starting from puberty. Pregnancy and puerperium are two very important stages. These phases are very crucial and should be managed properly. Though Sutika is not a state of illness the women deserves special consideration for various reasons. Women after delivery become weak and emaciated due to excretion of body fluids and blood. Due to appearance of exhaustion in the body as a result of severe labour Address for correspondence: Dr. M Shruthi Post Graduate Scholar, Department of Prasuti Tantra and Stree Roga, Sri Dharmasthala Manjunatheshwara College of Ayurveda and Hospital, Hassan, Karnataka, India. E-mail: shruthim 8141@gmail.com Submission Date : 10/08/2017 Accepted Date: 27/08/2017 Access this article online Quick Response Code Website: www.jaims.in DOI: 10.21760/jaims.v 2 i 4.9363 pains and by constant bearing down efforts, sudden increase in Vata activity during and after parturition leading to a metabolic vacuum in physiology [1] The puerperium is the period of time encompassing the first few weeks following birth. The puerperium is characterized by many physiological changes. Some of these changes may simply bothers for mother, although serious complications can also arise. Changes begin to occur in women’s body soon after birth of the baby, the process that occurred during pregnancy are reversed The post natal care in Ayurveda is generally designed to pacify Vata and promote the functions of both Pitta and Kapha simultaneously. To attain complete nourishment of body, to enhance breast milk production, to clean the uterus, to prevent further complications and by achieving rejuvenation of the body the Sutika Paricharyas are meant for. Post Natal Care in Ayurveda Ayurveda classics have explained the diet and regimen which should be followed by Sutika . Different Acharyas mentioned different period for A B S T R A C T A postnatal period is the period beginning immediately after the separation of placenta and extending up to six weeks, otherwise called as puerperium. Postnatal care is named as Sutika Paricharya in Ayurvedic classics. Garbhini and Sutika Paricharya are very-well described by ancient Ayurvedic scholars. Acharya Kashyapa narrated stage of Prasavaavastha is like a women with her one foot in this Loka and other in Yama Loka . The woman after such a difficulty stage of life needs special care. Classics have described special dietary regimen and life style for this period. Along with Deepana- Pachana and Snehadravyas , usage of Gudodaka is advised in Sutikakala . To remove the Sheshadosha in the body Ushna Gudodaka with Panchakola Churna is advised. Guda has Madhura Rasa, Snigdha and Ksharaguna , acts as Raktashodhaka and Vatahara . Jaggery is source of carbohydrate and also has calcium, iron, magnesium, potassium and sodium. So Gudodaka as a part of Sutika diet helps in achieving restoration of health of mother by proper Vatanulomana, Garbhashaya Shodhana, Raktaprasadana Karma. Key words: Sutika, Sutika Paricharya, Puerperium, Nutrition, Guda, Jaggery.

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M Shruthi et.al. A Critical Review on use of Gudodaka in Sutika Paricharya ISSN: 2456-3110 REVIEW ARTICLE July-Aug 2017 Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences | July - Aug 2017 | Vol. 2 | Issue 4 264 Sutikaparicharya . 45 days are well accepted period of Sutikaavastha in uncomplicated normal deliveries [2] According to locality different protocols are mentioned [3] As Sutikakala is critical time for woman, it needs proper management with specific diet, regimen and medications. As this stage is dominance of Vata Dosha, Vata Shamaka drugs are needed to be given. Ayurveda classics advised massage, oral administration of ghee with medicines and decoctions for 3 to 7 days after delivery. After 7 th day administration of Brumhana Dravyas including Mamsa Rasa is advised. Acharya Charaka opines that, after delivery when the women feels hunger, she should be prescribed with Panchakola Churna (Pippali, Pippalimula, Chavya, Chitraka, Nagara ) with ghee, oil or animal fat or marrow depending on her digestive capacity. After digestion of this rice gruel mixed with ghee and Panchakola Churna to be given. After 7 days of this regimen gradual administration of Brumhana Dravyas likely to increase flesh and energy [4],[5] Acharya Sushruta and Vagbhata specially mentioned intake of Sukhoshna Gudodaka (jaggery water) with powders of Pippali, Pippalimula, Hastipippali, Chitraka and Shrungavera , it will help in excreting and cleansing the uterus. It can be continued for 2-3 days till the excretion of abnormal fluids from the uterus [6] Acharya Haritha also mentioned usage of Guda with Shunti and Hareetaki on second day of delivery [7] Preparation method of Gudodaka is not mentioned in the classics. It can be prepared according to the general method of preparation of Phanta . For 1 part of Guda , 4 part of water to be added and boiled properly till Jaggery get dissolved completely. It can be given to the Sutika women 2 times per day in the dosage of 100 ml before food for a period of 1 week and can be continued for a month also. Jaggery in Ayurveda literature Ayurveda has given importance to the usage of jaggery in sutikaparicharya . Jaggery is a readily available home remedy and commonly used food item with medicinal properties. Classics mentioned the jaggery is the byproduct of sugarcane. 4 types of by products of sugarcane are mentioned i.e. Dhouta, Adhouta, Purana, Nava (washed, unwashed, refined, unrefined) [8] The qualities of jaggery are Sakshara, Naatisheeta, Snigdha, Mutrashodhaka , Raktashodhaka , Vataghna , Naatipittajit , Medakara , Krumikara , Balya , Vrushya . Puranaguda has some of the special qualities like Madhura , Snigdha, Agnideepaka , Vinmutra, Amashayashodhaka, Ruchya, Hrudya, Tridosgna, Jwarahara and Pandu and Pramehahara. [9] In Ayurveda, Guda is considered as the best base material for the preparation of medicines. In contrast, the white crystal sugar contains only sucrose to the tune of 99.5% without any minerals. Nutritional aspects of Jaggery Jaggery is made up of longer chain of sucrose. Hence it is digested slow and release energy slowly and not spontaneously. It gathers considerable amount of ferrous salt during its preparation as it is prepared in iron vessel. Jaggery contains traces of mineral salt. It is a very good cleansing agent. It cleans lung, stomach, intestine, esophagus and respiratory track. Due to presence of fibers, it reduces constipation [9] Jaggery contains approximately 60-85% sucrose, 5- 15% glucose and fructose. Along with 0.4% of protein, 0.1 g of fat and 0.6 to 1.0 g of minerals i.e. 8 mg of calcium, 4 mg of phosphorus, and 11.4 mg of iron. It is also found to contain traces of vitamins and amino acids. 100 g. of Jaggery gives 383 kcal of energy [10] Jaggery is loaded with antioxidants and minerals, which in-turn helps in prevent free radical damage and also boost resistance against infections. DISCUSSION A woman who has just given birth to a child followed by expulsion of placenta is called as Sutika. [11] This is the phase of regaining the lost strength and attaining pre pregnancy state for the woman after strenuous and lengthy process of child bearing and labour by regulating the diet and mode of life and undergoing specific procedure and medication. The World Health Organization describes the postnatal period as the most critical and yet the most neglected phase in the lives of mothers and babies; most deaths occur during the postnatal period [12] It is the time after birth, a

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M Shruthi et.al. A Critical Review on use of Gudodaka in Sutika Paricharya ISSN: 2456-3110 REVIEW ARTICLE July-Aug 2017 Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences | July - Aug 2017 | Vol. 2 | Issue 4 265 time in which the mother's body, including hormone levels and uterus size, returns to a non-pregnant state. The women after delivery needs to manage with special care. Ayurveda classics have described dietary regimen, living style and other required management for this period. Along with Deepana- Pachana and Snehadravyas , usage of Gudodaka is advised in Sutikakala . Guda has Madhura Rasa, Snigdhaguna acts as Vatahara , due to its Ksharaguna , acts as Raktashodhaka and it helps in removing the Sheshadoshas from the body. Jaggery is a source of carbohydrate and also has calcium, iron, magnesium, potassium and sodium. When Sukhoshna Gudodaka along with Panchakola drugs are administered in 1 st week of puerpurium, it acts as Garbhashaya Shodhaka . It may help in producing uterine contraction and hence Dushita Rakta get excreted. When it is given for longer period of 45 days it acts as Brumhana and Stanya Janaka by its qualities. Guda being easily available and Gudodaka readily preparable product play a part in the need of postnatal energy requirement and helps achieving restoration of health of mother by proper Vatanulomana , Garbhashaya Shodhana, Raktaprasadana and Stanyajanana action. CONCLUSION Ayurveda is a science of life focusing on every aspect of human life. Sutika Paricharya is such a concept explaining the importance of re-establishment of life of a woman after delivery and it have been told for the prevention of problems in future. Acharyas explained special diet and regimen for the Sutika with the interest of Garbhashaya Shuddhi, Stanya Utpatti, Dhatu Paripurnata and Deha Punarnaveekarana. REFERENCES 1 Vagbhata, Arunadatta, Hemadri, Paradakar BH, Ashtanga Samgraha, Shareerasthana, 3 rd chapter, 9 th edition: Varanasi, Vaidya Krishnadas Academy, 2000;p.373 2 Vagbhata, Arunadatta, Hemadri, Paradakar BH, Ashtanga Hrudaya, Sutrasthana, 5 th chapter, 9 th edition: Varanasi, Vaidya Krishnadas Academy, 2005;p.75 3 Sharma Hemaraja. (ed). Kasyapa Samhita by Vriddha Jivaka with The Vidyotini Hindi Commentary revised by Vatsya, Khilasthana, 11 th chapter, 8 th ed. Varanasi, Chaukhamba Sanskrit Bhawan, 2002;p.307. 4 Agnivesha, Charaka, Dridhabala, YT Acharya, Charaka Samhita with Ayurveda Deepika commentary, Chakrapanidatta, Shareerasthana, 8 th chapter, 5 th Edition, Varanasi, Chaukhambha Samskrut Bhavan, 2001;p.349 5 Sushruta, Dalhana, Sushruta Samhita, 10 th chapter, Vol.3, Sharma PV, Varanasi, Chaukhambha Sanskrit Sansthan, 2010;p.389 6 UshaVNK, Text Book of Prasuti Tantra, Vol 2, Chaukhamba Sanskrit Pratishtana, Varanasi, 2013;p.368. 7 Tiwari Premavathi, Text Book of Prasuti Tantra, Chaukambha Orientalia, Varanasi, 1996;p.569 8 Vagbhata, Arunadatta, Hemadri, Paradakar BH, Ashtanga Hrudaya, Sutrasthana, 5 th chapter, 9 th edition: Varanasi, Vaidya Krishnadas Academy, 2005;p.75 9 Narahari Pandit. Raja nighantu, Satish Chandra Sankhyadhar, 1 st edition: Varanasi, Chaukambha Orientalia , 2012;p.809 10 http://www.panelamonitor.org/media/docrepo/docu ment/files/faq-jaggery-quality.pdfThe 11 Vagbhata, Arunadatta, Hemadri, Paradakar BH, Ashtanga Hrudaya, Shareerasthana, 1 st chapter, 9 th edition: Varanasi, Vaidya Krishnadas Academy, 2005;p.375 12 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Postpartum_period How to cite this article: M Shruthi, N.V. Gayathri Bhat, H. L. Kavyashree, Shashibindu. A Critical Review on use of Gudodaka in Sutika Paricharya. J Ayurveda Integr Med Sci 2017;4:263-265. http://dx.doi.org/10.21760/jaims.v 2 i 4.9363 Source of Support: Nil, Conflict of Interest: None declared.