Sutika Paricharya: An Overview.

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Review Article This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License International Research Journal of Ayurveda & Yoga Vol. 6 (7),111-115, July,2023 ISSN: 2581-785 X : https://irjay.com/ DOI: 10.47223/IRJAY.2023.6717 Sutika Paricharya : An Overview. Priya Paijwar 1 , H.H. Awasthi 2 , Deepa Mishra 3 1-Senior Resident & Ph.D Scholar, Department of Rachana Sharir, Faculty of Ayurveda, IMS, BHU, Varanasi (UP) 2-Professor & Former Head, Department of Rachana Sharir, Faculty of Ayurveda, IMS, BHU, Varanasi (UP) 3-Professor, Department of Prasuti Tantra, Faculty of Ayurveda, IMS, BHU Varanasi (UP) INTRODUCTION According to Ayurvedic literature, utmost importance has given to female health throughout her age. Woman’s reproductive life may be divided grossly into three phases i.e. Rajaswala, Garbhini and Sutika . Considering all, she has to maintain health during these phases by appropriate Paricharya . As a female is the pillar of the family, her family’s health depends on her well-being. During Garbhawastha there is an additional demand of Ahara to the pregnant woman for Garbhaposhana . If it does not get fulfilled properly then health of woman may compromise and woman become prone to disease even in Sutika (Puerperal) stage. Acharya Kashyapa has defined Sutika as the woman having delivered a foetus followed by expulsion of placenta. It clearly indicates that the woman should not be termed as Sutika unless the placenta too has been expelled 1 Expulsion of the placenta is the criteria for the terminology ‘ Sutika ’ 2 In Ayurveda Samhitas duration of Sutika Awastha is one and half month after delivery of baby followed by expulsion of placenta. AIM & OBJECTIVE To study Sutika Paricharya from ancient Ayurveda perspective . Article Info Article history: Received on: 01-06-2023 Accepted on: 22-07-2023 Available online: 31-07-2023 Corresponding author- Priya Paijwar, Senior Resident & Ph.D Scholar, Department of Rachana Sharir, Faculty of Ayurveda, IMS, BHU Varanasi (UP) Email: pinkcity 11011@gmail.com ABSTRACT: According to Acharya Kashyapa, woman is termed as Sutika only after the delivery of foetus with its placenta. In Ayurveda Samhitas duration of Sutika Awastha is one and half month after delivery of baby followed by expulsion of placenta. In this period puerperal women become weak and lethargic, because of labor pains and blood loss during delivery. In Ayurveda, weakness in Sutika said to be occurred due to Garbhavriddhi and Shoonyasharir. Causation of Sutika Roga is Agnibala Mandya. Therefore, Ahara of Sutika should be properly managed. Acharyas of different treaties have described Sutika Paricharya into two categories; Samanya Sutikaparicharya and Vishishta Sutikaparicharya, Pathya and Apathya along with specific Aushadha Yogas. Acharya Kashyapa has mentioned special regimen for Sutika. It causes Agni Balavriddhi which is responsible for Dhatupushti To prevent Sutikaroga proper care of Ahara and Vihara of Sutika is vital. This care is termed as Sutika Paricharya . Keywords: Sutika, Ahara, Sutika Paricharya , Samanya Sutikaparicharya, Vishishta Sutikaparicharya

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Priya et.al, “ Sutika Paricharya : An Overview . ” : 2023; 6 (6):111-115 112 MATERIALS AND METHODS A detailed review of literature for description of Sutika , Sutika Awastha , Samanya Sutikaparicharya and Vishishta Sutikaparicharya, Pathya and Apathya, specific Aushadha Yogas has been collected from different Ayurveda Classics. Table No.1: Sutika Awastha found in different Classical literature Acharyas of different treaties have described about Sutika Paricharya into two categories. A. Samanya Sutika paricharya General principle of Sutikaparicharya 3 ✓ Avoidance of etiological factors is the best medicine. ✓ She should be looked after properly, congenial diet and oleaginous substances should be given. The place of living, the season and the climate and the suitability of the diet for the disease should be taken into consideration 4 If all these taken care she will survive well 5 ✓ She should be treated with massage, anointment, irrigation with Ghrita , Taila or decoction prepared with Bhautika, Jeevniya, Brihaneeya, Madhura and Vatahara drugs with specific dietetics 6 ✓ The woman who is diseased due to difficult labour should be given oleation and sudation to suppress Vata. A wise physician should prescribe rice gruel treated with appetizing drugs. By following this the woman becomes healthy and sleeps well 7 a. Ahara described in Table No.2 b. Vihara Vihara with few procedures is equally fruitful for Sutika . The puerperal woman should tie amulet of Trivritta over the head 8 Abhyanaga with Bala Taila 9,10 After delivery of full term foetus, Swedan is prescribed 11 According to Acharya Charaka whenever puerperal woman feels hungry after delivery, she should be given Pippali, Pippalimoola, Chavya, Chitraka and Shringabera with any one out of Ghrita, Taila, Vasa, Majja , considering her acceptability for these, and in the quantity which she can digest easily. After this, her abdomen should be massaged and wrapped properly with a big clean cloth to avoid Vata accumulation in space 12 A. Vishishta Sutika Paricharya This particular regimen is explained by Acharya Kashyapa based on the particular type of Desha , in which Sutika is residing. a. Anoopa Desha Kashyapa has stated that in Anoopa Desha, there is predominance of Vata and Shleshma hence Vata Shleshmaj Vikara occurs, therefore Snehapana is contraindicated. Oral intake of Ushna Dravya is advocated for Sutika of Anoopa Desha. Manda prepared with Agnibalavardhaka Dravyas for Agnideepana and Sansarjan Karma are advised. Sutika should be treated with Ushna Guna Dravyas, Swedana and Niwatashayana. 13 b. Jangala Desha In Jangala Desha, diseases are mostly due to vitiation of Vata and Pitta Doshas . So Snehapana is prescribed to Sutika in such places. c. Sadharana Desha One should follow Sadharanavidhi . Use of neither too Sneha nor too Ruksha Dravyas is advised 14 d. Management for Videsha Jati Sutika of Mleccha Jati and Videsha Jati should use Rakta, Mamsa-Niryuh, Kanda, Moola and Phala etc 15 e. Management according to sex of child Kashyapa has also advised to take Taila and Ghrita to Sutika in case of delivery of male and female child respectively followed by Yavagu Pana processed with Deepaniya Dravya. 16 Pathya - Apathya of Sutika 17 Sutika must bath with warm water only and should drink boiled water in luke form. She should take adequate sleep and apply Udaraveshtana . Maharshi Sushruta and Vagbhatta Dwaya have mentioned that after subsidence of complications and aggravation of Doshas the woman should give up specific mode of life after four months. Vyayaam, Krodha, Maithuna, Sheetal Jal, Sheetal Vayu, Diwaswapna, Aatapsevana, Panchakarma should be avoided 18,19 ,20 DISCUSSION Adhyardha-Masa , or fourty five days is the bare minimum time frame during which the Sutika (Puerperal woman) must adhere to a specific way of living. And during this time most of the changes which occurs during Garbhawastha and Prasavawastha, revert to normal prepregnant state. Some natural bodily changes are inevitable in Sutikawastha , which are physio-psychological. Therefore, special management for Sutika Paricharya is described in Ayurveda Classics . According to the ancient scholars of Ayurveda , there is an appropriate description of Aushadhi, suitable Ahara, Vihara, Pathya, and Apathya during Sutikawastha. The moving Doshas, Kleda, Rakta Nisruti, Dhatukshaya, and Shoonyata of body after Sukha Prasava make Sutika weak and susceptible to Sutika Roga.

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Priya et.al, “ Sutika Paricharya : An Overview . ” : 2023; 6 (6):111-115 113 During Sutika Awastha Agni Bala Mandya is leading responsible factor for Sutika Roga. Therefore, Agnideepana Chikitsa is also prescribed after delivery. Agnivardhak drugs are used with Sneha that suppresses Vata which helps in avoiding Sutika Roga and further it helps in Dosha Prashaman. Proper management of Ahara is prescribed in texts as Samanya Sutikaparicharya and with special regimen i.e. Vishishtasutikaparicharya . Vishishitasutikaparicharya according to Desha and Jati is explained in Kashyapa Samhita along with the treatment Sutikaparicharya has fruitful results on Agni and Balavriddhi, hence Sutika attains the vitality and strength to bring all elements of body as in pre-pregnancy state. So, Paricharya should be done with the wisdom of Ancient Ayurveda knowledge. CONCLUSION Description of Sutika, Sutikaparibhasha, Sutika Awastha , and Sutikaparicharya have been explained in Brihattrayee as well as in Laghuttrayee. In Sutika Awastha as her Dhatus decreases, the woman becomes languid. There is a generous Dhatukshaya due to development of foetus. Sutika’s body becomes emaciated, due to labour pains and blood loss. Hence diseases occurring during this period become incurable or are cured with difficulty. The purpose behind ‘Sutika Paricharya’ is to protect her from various diseases and her recovery from stress of pregnancy and labor By doing Sutika Paricharya, Sutika becomes Swastha by attaining Samadosha, Samaagni, Samadhatu Malakriya . If Sutika follows Sutikaparicharya as described in classics Agnivardhan, Pachana, Vatashaman, Stanyavardhan, Raktavardha, Garbhashayshodhan, Yonisanrakshan, Dhatuposhan, Kohsthashodhan and Balavardhan occurs and Sutika Rogas can be avoided. In addition this care also helps to improve Rakta and Stanya of Sutika. By doing so she remain healthy and able to take best care of her child. Acknowledgment - Nil Conflicts Of Interest- Nil Source of finance & support – Nil ORCID Priya Paijwar , https://orcid.org/ 0009-0003-1950-1542 REFERENCES 1 Tiwari PV. Kashyap Samhita or VrIddhajivkiya Tantra. Khila Sthana, Sutikapakramaniya Adhyaya, Verse 6, Chaukhamba Viswa Bharati, Varanasi. edition : Reprint 2013.pp.576. 2 Sharma H, Shree Satyapal Bhaisaj Acharya, Kashyap Samhita, 5 th edition, Khilsthana, chapter 11 chaukhambha Varansi. 1998.pp.305. 3 Shastri K, Agnivesha. Charak Samhita (part-1), revised by Charak & Dridhabala Shareersthana, Jatisutriya Adhyaya, Chap. 8, Shloka 48 Chaukhamba Bharati Academy, Varanasi. Reprint Edition 200.pp 951. 4 Shastri K, Charaka Samhita, Vol.2 Commented By Published By Chaukhambha Bharti Academy, Varanasi, Reprint Year, 2007; 8: 48. 5 Shastri AD, Maharshi Sushruta. Susruta Samhita, part 1, Garbhini Vyakaranam Shareeram Adhyaya,, Chap. 10, Shloka 16, Chaukhamba Sanskrit Sansthan, Varanasi. edition Reprint 2007.pp.76. 6 Shastri K, Agnivesha. Charak Samhita (part-1), revised by Charak & Dridhabala Shareersthana, Jatisutriya Adhyaya, Chap. 8, Shloka 48 Chaukhamba Bharati Academy, Varanasi. Reprint Edition 200.pp 951. 7 Tripathi N, Acharya Kashypa, Kashypa Samhita with Vidyotini Hindi Commentary Chikitsa Sthana 3/11 8 th edition, Chaukhambha Sanskrit Sansthan, Varanasi, 1988 8 Tripathi N, Acharya Kashypa, Kashypa Samhita with Vidyotini Hindi Commentary Chikitsa Sthana 3/11 8 th edition, Chaukhambha Sanskrit Sansthan, Varanasi, 1988 9 Shastri AD, Maharshi Sushruta. Susruta Samhita, part 1, Garbhini Vyakaranam Shareeram Adhyaya,, Chap. 10, Shloka 16, Chaukhamba Sanskrit Sansthan, Varanasi. edition Reprint 2007.pp.76. 10 Sharma S.P, Acharya Vagbhata, Ashtanga Sangraha Sharirasthana 3/38, 1 st edition, Chaukhambha Sanskrit Series Office, Varanasi, 2006, p. 285. 11 Shastri A.D, Acharya Sushruta, Sushruta Samhita with Ayurveda Tatva Sandipika Hindi Commentary by Acharya Ambika Datta Shastri, Chikitsa Sthana 32/18, 13 th edition, Chowkhambha Sanskrit Sansthan, Varanasi, 2002. 12 Shastri K, AcharyaCharaka, Charaka Samhita with Vidyotini Hindi Commentary by Acharya Kasinath Shastri and Gorakhnath Chaturvedi, Sharira Sthana 8/48, 16 th edition, Chaukhambha Bharati Academy, 1989, p. 951 13 Triapthi B, Vriddha Jivaka. Kashyap Samhita, Khila Sthana, Chapter 11, verse 18-20. Chaukhamba Visvabharati Bhavan, Varanasi. Reprint 2013

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Priya et.al, “ Sutika Paricharya : An Overview . ” : 2023; 6 (6):111-115 114 14 Triapthi B, Vriddha Jivaka. Kashyap Samhita, Khila Sthana, Chapter 11, verse 33. Chaukhamba Visvabharati Bhavan, Varanasi. Reprint 2013 15 Triapthi B, Vriddha Jivaka. Kashyap Samhita, Khila Sthana, Chapter 11, verse 34. Chaukhamba Visvabharati Bhavan, Varanasi. Reprint 2013 16 Triapthi B, Vriddha Jivaka. Kashyap Samhita, Khila Sthana, Chapter 11, verse 32-33. Chaukhamba Visvabharati Bhavan, Varanasi. Reprint 2013 17 Shastri K, Acharya Charaka, Charaka Samhita with Vidyotini Hindi Commentary, Sharira Sthana 8/49, 16 th edition, Chaukhambha Bharati Academy, 1989, p. 951 18 Shastri AD, Acharya Sushruta, Sushruta Samhita with Ayurveda Tatva Sandipika Hindi Commentary Chikitsa Sthana 15/28, 13 th edition, Chowkhambha Sanskrit Sansthan, Varanasi, 2002. 19 Sharma S.P. Acharya Vagbhata, Ashtanga Sangraha Sharirasthana 4/50, 1 st edition, Chaukhambha Sanskrit Series Office, Varanasi, 2006. 20 Tripathi B, Acharya Vagbhata, Ashtanga Hridaya with Nirmala Hindi Commentary Sharira Sthana 2/46, 1 st edition, Chaukhambha Sanskrit Prakashan, Varanasi, 1999. How to cite this article : Paijwar P, Awasthi H.H, Mishra D “ Sutika Paricharya : An Overview” IRJAY. [online] 2023;6(7);111-115. Available from: https://irjay.com. DOI linkhttps://doi.org/ 10.47223/IRJAY.2023.6717

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Priya et.al, “ Sutika Paricharya : An Overview . ” : 2023; 6 (6):111-115 115 Table 1 Sutika Awastha found in different Classical literature Acharyas Samhita Sutika Awastha Charaka 3 Charaka Samhita No any specific duration and regimen for Sutika. Sushruta 4 Sushruta Samhita One and half month i.e. 45 days Vagbhatta 5 Ashtanga Sangraha One and half month i.e. 45 days Vagbhatta 6 Ashtanga Hridaya One and half month i.e. 45 days Bhavamishra 7 Bhava Prakash One and half month i.e., 45 days or until she gets her first menstrual cycle. Kashyapa 8 Kashyapa Samhita Six months as all the Dhatus will resume to their original state by this time. Bramha Shankar Shastri 9 Yogaratnakara Either after 11/2 months or after restoration of menstrual cycle. Table 2 Ahar Time Period Charaka 10 Sushruta 11 Vagbhatta 12 Kashyapa 13 Up to 7 days Snehapana (Pippalyadi Dravyas) ↓ Yavagu Pana (Pippalyadi Dravyas) Vatahara Ausadha Kwatha Pana and Ushna Gudodaka (Pippalyadi Gana Dravyas) 2-3 days. ↓ Sneha or Ksheera Yavagu (Vidarigana Sadhita Dravyas) 4 th -6 th day Sootika Taila/ Snehapana (Pippalyadi Dravya with Saindhava) ↓ Ushna gudodaka/ Vatahara Kwatha 2-3 days ↓ Vatahara Ausadha Peya ↓ Ksheera Yavagu/Yavagu Pana (Pippalyadi or Vidarigana Dravya) 4 th -7 th day Mandapana ↓ Hita Bhojana 3-5 days. ↓ Sneha Pana ↓ Sneha Yavagu Pana (Pippali, Nagara Yukta and Lavana Rahita) 5 th -7 th day 8 th -11 th day Apyayana and Swasthavritta Palana Jangala Mamsarasa Siddha with Yava, Kola, Kulatha Yusha, and Shaali Bhojana. Jeevaneeya Madhura, Bruhmaniya, Balya, Vatahara Dravya Sadhita Annapana Yavagu Pana (Lavana, Sneha Aushadha Yukta) 12 th day onwards Jangala Mamsarasa Kulattha Yusha, Jangala Mamsarasa. Ghrita Bharjita Shaka (Kushmanda, Mulaka, Earvaruka); Ushna Jala Sevana.

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