Standardization of Panchavaktra Rasa w.s.r to Rasa Prakash Sudhakara

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[Find the meaning and references behind the names: Raj, Shankar, Dhan, Pal, Ratna, Vijay, Badri, Long, Ash, Manish, Kalpana, Prakash, Rasa, Sudhakar, Verma, Meena, Nia]

Research Article This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License International Research Journal of Ayurveda & Yoga Vol. 5 (7),78-90, July, 2022 ISSN: 2581-785 X; https://irjay.com/ DOI: 10.47223/IRJAY.2022.5710 Standardization of Panchavaktra Rasa w.s.r to Rasa Prakash Sudhakara Dhan Raj Bairwa 1 , Mohar Pal Meena 2 , Manish Tare 3 , Vijay Shankar Verma 4 1 Assistant Professor, Dept. Rasa Shastra And Bhaishajya Kalpana, Kalawati Ayurveda Medical College & Hospital, Gorha, Kasganj (UP.) 2 Associate Professor, Dept. Rasa Shastra And Bhaishajya Kalpana, NIA, Deemed To Be University, Jaipur, (Raj.) 3 Associate Professor, Dept. Rasa Shastra And Bhaishajya Kalpana, Kalawati Ayurveda Medical College & Hospital, Gorha, Kasganj (UP.) 4 Researcher, Maharishi Badri Pharmaceuticals Pvt. Ltd, Jhotwara, Jaipur, (Raj.). INTRODUCTION Ayurveda is one of the most ancient systems of life, health and cure. Its antiquity goes back to the Vedas. Ayurveda is a highly evolved and codified system of life and health science based on its own unique concepts and fundamental principles. Ayurveda was developed to safeguard Arogya (health) which is considered to be essential for the Article Info Article history: Received on: 29-05-2022 Accepted on: 07-07-2022 Available online: 31-07-2022 Corresponding author- Dhan Raj Bairwa, Assistant Professor, Dept. Rasa shastra and Bhaishajya kalpana, Kalawati Ayurveda Medical College & Hospital, Gorha, Kasganj (UP.) Email: dhanrajbairwa 09@gmail.com. ABSTRACT: Rasashastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana is the most important branch of learning in the field of Ayurveda. To save the lives of ailing people physician should also have a thorough grip on the principles of the formulations and their practical application. With the art and skill of formulation, a poisonous drug can be transmuted into a safe and effective drug. A simple drug can be converted into a most potent one. Panchavaktra rasa (PR) had been mentioned in various literatures viz, Rasa Prakash Sudhakar, Ras ratna Sammuchaya, Yoga Ratnakara, Sharangadhara etc. in Jwara rogadhikara . The present research work entitled “ Standardization of Panchavaktra rasa w.s.r to Rasa Prakash Sudhakara ” was planned to standardize the formulations as per the reference of Rasa Prakash Sudhakara. The Samguna Gandhaka kajjali ,Maricha churna, Pippali Churna, Shuddha Vatsnabha churna, Shuddha Tankana churna were mixed and levigated with Dhatura patra swarasa for the formulation of Panchavakta Rasa .The samples were analyzed based on Organoleptic Parameters, i.e., Appearance, Colour, Odour, Taste and Physico-chemical Parameters i.e., pH Value, Loss on Drying, Ash Value, Acid insoluble Ash, Water Soluble Ash, Sulphated Ash, Alcohol Soluble Extractive, Water Soluble Extractive. The samples were analysed for standardization of vati parameters i.e., hardness of pills, friability test, disintegration time etc. Total bacterial count and Total fungal count are under the permissible limit depicted in the study. For qualitative analysis HPTLC & ICP-MS were done. The Samples were analysed on different wavelengths 510 nm, 366 nm (Long) & 254 nm (Short). PR 1 Sample confirmed 10 distinct spots at 510 nm, 07 distinct spots at 366 nm and 09 spots at 254 nm whereas PR 2 sample confirmed 11 distinct spots at 510 nm, 06 distinct spots at 366 nm and 08 spots at 254 nm. The PR 3 sample confirmed 10 distinct spots at 510 nm, 07 distinct spots at 366 nm and 08 spots at 254 nm. The Rf values of spots differentiate the chemical composition of the sample. Keywords: Panchavaktra rasa, Jwara rogadhikaar, Kajjali , Maricha , HPTLC, ICP-MS

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[Find the meaning and references behind the names: Dharma, Guna, Sudha]

Dhan Raj et. al “Standardization of Panchavaktra Rasa w.s.r to Rasa Prakash Sudhakara .” : 2022; 5 (7):78-90 79 achievement of the four primary objects of life viz. Dharma, Artha, Kama and Moksha . Therefore, Ayurveda the Science of Health and Healing has given great emphasis to the comprehensive knowledge of drugs, preservation and dispensing of prepared drugs under the broad heading known as Rasashastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana . The preceptors of Rasashastra were initially indulged in the achievement of a disease-free body ( Dehavedha ) and conversion of a lower metal to a higher metal i.e., a metal having higher economic value ( Lohavedha ) simultaneously, but later their attempts in the field of Dehavadha became dominant. Now Rasashastra has become a well-established branch of Ayurveda serving humanity with its unique heritage of drugs derived from metallic, mineral and animal origin combined with certain herbs. Actually, Rasaushadhis have given Ayurveda a complete novel health care system. The innate qualities like quick action, minimal dose, tastelessness, prolonged shelf life, better palatability of Rasaushadhis have helped them to conquer the compliance of the patients. Need of Study Standardization of herbal medicines is the process of prescribing a set of standards or inherent characteristics, constant parameters, definitive qualitative and quantitative values that carry an assurance of quality, efficacy, safety, and reproducibility 1 Panchavaktra Rasa is generally used to treat fever of different types. It has antipyretic and analgesic activities. Panchavaktra Rasa is effective medicine for common cold, flu and other infectious diseases. A number of formulae are available with the name of Panchavaktra Rasa in different texts. However, the formula which was first described in Rasa Prakash Sudhakar was selected for the study. For formulation selected for present study is Panchavaktra Rasa which is a herbo-mineral medicine mentioned in various classics of Rasashastra . The present formulation has been taken from the book Rasa Prakasha Sudhakar (Chapter-8 verse 99-101) where the formulation is mentioned for the first time. It contains Parada, Vatsanabha, Gandhaka, Maricha, Tankana, Pippali and Dhatura . Hence, keeping in view all the above facts, the present study has been planned to work on “ Standardization of Panchavaktra rasa w.s.r to Rasa Prakash Sudhakara ” with following objectives. Objectives ➢ To compile and bring all formulations and literature on Panchavaktra Rasa . ➢ To prepare 3 samples of Panchavaktra Rasa & lay down the SOPs & SMPs. ➢ To evaluate the analytical parameters of the above samples. MATERIALS AND METHODS The present study was conducted in three steps as following 1 Drug Review 2 Pharmaceutical Study 3 Analytical Study The ingredients of Panchavaktra Rasa were procured from the pharmacy, NIA, Jaipur, & identified or authenticated by expert of the P.G. Department of Dravyaguna Vigyan, NIA, Jaipur. The drugs were prepared in P.G. Department of Rasashastra & Bhaishajya Kalpana, as per the references. 1 Drug Review Rasaushadhis are categorized under different heading such as Khalveeya rasayogas, Parpatikalpana, Kupipakvarasayanas, Pottali kalpana etc. Among these Khalveeya rasayogas is important as it is indicated in various diseases and also acts as rasayana . The Khalveeya rasayogas are the combinations of herbal, mineral and animal products so that we can have the effect of all collectively in a single formula. These are administered in smaller doses to get faster relief and combating many ailments by proper Anupana and Sahapana . It takes less space for manufacturing and storing. Major ingredients have ushna virya and katu rasa The Rasa, guna, virya, vipaka, karma had been described in table no. 2. 2. Pharmaceutical Study The preparation of Panchavaktra Rasa is based on availability, feasibility in classical indication of Rasashastra , traditional value and expert opinions. All the raw materials were procured from the N.I.A. pharmacy. Pharmaceutical processes carried out during the study are as follows • Purification ( Shodhana ) of raw materials • Preparation of powders of crude drugs. • Mixing of powders and Kajjali • Preparing 3 batches of Panchavaktra Rasa . Practical No.1: Samanya Shodhana of Parada 2 Process – Mardana Apparatus – Khalva yantra , Vessels, Cloth etc. Ingredients- Ashuddha Parada -1 part (300 g) Sudha (Lime) -1 part (300 g)

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Dhan Raj et. al “Standardization of Panchavaktra Rasa w.s.r to Rasa Prakash Sudhakara .” : 2022; 5 (7):78-90 80 Lashuna (Garlic) -1 part (252 g) Saindhava Lavana -½ part (126 g) Hot Water - Q.S. for Prakshalana Procedure: – At first Parada and Sudha were put in a Khalva yantra and Mardana (levigation) was started. Everyday Mardana was done for 3 Hours. Mardana was done for 24 hours in total. After 24 hours of Mardana the Parada was separated from the mixture, squeezing it through a two folded cloth. Some part of Parada still remained in the cloth and with the Sudha churna . To obtain the Parada , the whole Sudha churna was put into hot water and kept overnight. Next morning the supernatant liquid was separated out and the settled material was taken in a stainless steel vessel and dried in shade. After one hour it was seen that Parada globules were formed and collected at the centre of the vessel which was taken out. The Parada obtained from the mixture was again put in the Khalva yantra and Mardana was done with the equal part of garlic and half part of Saindhava Lavana Mardana was done every day for three hours. After 3 hrs. it was observed that the colour of the mixture had turned black and mercury was divided into very fine globules. When the kalka was almost dry it was difficult to separate the Parada from it. Hence it was put into hot water and left for 30 minutes after macerating well. Then the supernatant water was separated out into other vessel. It was seen that many globules of Parada settled down at the bottom but with a black colored layer on their surface. All these globules were collected and washed repeatedly with hot water. Mercury thus obtained was dried and then filtered through a two folded cloth and stored in a glass bottle. The changes observed in physical character of Parad are shown in Table no.3 Results – ➢ Initial weight of Parada - 300 g ➢ Weight of Parada after Mardana with Lime - 252 g ➢ Weight of Parada after Mardana with Garlic & after Prakshalana - 236 g ➢ Total loss of weight during the process - 64 g ➢ Total loss - 22% Practical No.2: Gandhaka Shodhana 3 Ingredients Ashuddha Gandhaka : 500 g. Cow's Milk : 6 L (For 4 times) Ghee : 30-40 g. (For 3 times) Hot water : Q S. Procedure: Raw Gandhaka (500 g.) was crushed into fine powder with the help of Khalva yantra . 2 L Milk was taken in a steel container and warmed. The mouth of the container was covered with a clean cotton cloth (smeared with Ghee) and fixed with thread. 10 g of Ghee was taken in a frying pan and melted on gentle heat. Raw Gandhaka was added in to the frying pan and melted on mild heat with continuous stirring. Melted Gandhaka was immediately poured into milk through the cotton cloth. The melted Gandhaka on the cloth was continuously stirred to pass completely in to the milk. Filtered Gandhaka was collected from the container and washed with warm water and dried. The whole process was repeated for three times, changing milk and ghee each time. The final weight of shuddh Gandhaka obtained was 450 g. with loss of 10%. Practical No.3: Kajjali Preparation 4 Principle – Mardana (Levigation) Procedure :- Samanya Shodhita Parada (235 g.) and Shuddha Gandhaka (235 g.) was taken in equal quantity and triturated in Khalva yantra . Gradually the white colour of Parada and greenish yellow colour of Gandhaka disappeared and the black powder was formed. Levigation was continued till the Kajjali became completely Nishchandra . After 24 hours of trituration, the mixture completely turned into Kajjali and fulfilled all the criteria of Kajjali. For confirmation of Nishchandratva a pinch of Kajjali was added to a drop of water on palm and rubbed gently so as to trace out the free mercury particles. The physical characters of Kajjali are shown in table no.4. Results ➢ Total time taken for Kajjali : 24 hrs. ➢ Wt. of Parada and Gandhaka : 470 g. ➢ Wt. of Kajjali obtained : 448 g. ➢ Total wt. loss : 22 g. Practical No.4: Vatsanabha Shodhana 5 Materials - Ashuddha Vatsanabha - 700 g. Gomutra - 1500 ml. (each time for three days) Godugdha - 5 lt. Procedure – Ashuddha Vatsanabha was made into small pieces of bengal-gram size and the same were immersed in fresh Gomutra within steel container. Gomutra was taken in that quantity which was sufficient for immersing those pieces. Hence, it was taken 1500 ml. The container was kept directly under sunlight. On the next day, the covering of Vatsanabha was remove and it was kept again in container containing Gomutra.

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Dhan Raj et. al “Standardization of Panchavaktra Rasa w.s.r to Rasa Prakash Sudhakara .” : 2022; 5 (7):78-90 81 Next day Gomutra was replaced by fresh one. Same procedure was repeated two times more for consecutively three days. Vatsanabha becomes soft, as nails can scratch it. After three days, pieces of Vatsanabha were collected and washed with the help of warm water. Then further, Shodhana of Vatsanabha was done with Godugdha by swedana method with the help of Dola yantra for three hours. After this, pieces of Vatsanabha were washed with the warm water and it was allowed to be dried completely. After complete drying it was grinded to fine powder and stored in airtight container. The physical characters of Vatsanabha after Shodhana are shown in table no.5. Practical No.5: Tankana Shodhana 6 Procedure – Firstly, raw Ashuddha Tankana (400 g.) was made into coarse powdered in the Khalva yantra . This powder was taken in a stainless steel kadhai and was subjected to mild heat. Constant roasting and stirring with ladle was done. Small particles of Tankana fly up into air while roasting. After diminishing of crackling sound which was the indication of crystalline water evaporation, then the roasting was stopped. After self-cooling, the puffed material was powdered with the help of Khalva yantra and kept airtight in plastic pet jars for further use. The final weight of Shuddha Tankana obtained was 227 g. with a yield of 56.75%. Practical No.6: Preparation of Churna of the Herbal Ingredients 7 Equipments : Grinder and Mesh (120 N), steel tray, Gamma glove etc. Pharmaceutical processes carried out are as follows 1) Removal of foreign matter from crude drugs : Before undergoing any pharmaceutical process there is need for careful inspection of raw materials for presence of foreign matter like sand, dust, seeds, etc. Crude drugs were weighed individually. By careful inspection, foreign matters like dust, sand etc. were removed. Then the entire ingredients were cleaned by cloth dusting. The weight of drugs were noted again to calculate the loss of weight and were stored in separate plastic bags. 2) Powdering of crude drugs: Maricha and pippali were powdered separately with the help of grinder and sieved through mesh (120 N). After it powder took in close glass jar separately. The loss during powdering of crude drugs are shown in Table no.6. Practical No.7: Preparation of Dhatura Patra Swarasa for Bhawana 8 Equipments – Iron Udookhala yantra , Mixer cum grinder, cloth pieces,steel container, glass jar, measuring cylinder, etc. Procedure – Pounded material (3.560 Kg) was put into mixer and smooth Paste ( Kalka ) was prepared. The kalka was expressed through the cotton cloth by manual method. Filtered juice ( swarasa ) was then collected into a steel container. Obtained swarasa was measured by measuring cylinder and then used for bhawana process. Fresh swarasa (2420 ml) was prepared and used each time. Total yield was 67.98 %. Practical No.8: Preparation of Three Samples of Panchavaktra Rasa 9 Materials: following ingredients were taken in similar quantity i.e., 30 g. each. Samguna Gandhaka Kajjali 60 g. Maricha Churna 30 g. Pippali Churna 30 g. Shuddha Tankana Churna 30 g. Suddha Vatsanabha Churna 30 g. Total Wt 180 g. Procedure - Powdered ingredients were used for preparing three different samples of Panchavaktra rasa . All the ingredients were weighed as per the requirement. First we take the Samguna Gandhaka Kajjali in a Khalva - yantra and mardana was carried out for few minutes. Then fine powders of pippali and maricha were added one by one and triturated it for few minutes. The remaining fine powders of Shodhita Vatsanabha and Shodhita Tankana were added and triturate it for few minutes till it attains the uniform mixture. Finally this uniform mixture was levigated with required quantity of Dhatura patra swarasa for 8 hr for each sample till it attain the stage of kalka . Then handmade vati of size 125 mg. were prepared, dried in shade and stored in airtight container. The observation recorded during Bhawana are shown in Table no.7. 3.Analytical Study After the preparation of Panchavaktra Rasa prior to its administration, all the three samples of Panchavaktra Rasa were assessed on various analytical parameters. The Analytical tests were performed at Drug Testing Laboratory, Dept. of Rasashastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana , National Institute of Ayurveda, Jaipur and S. R.

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[Find the meaning and references behind the names: Ayush, Pratap]

Dhan Raj et. al “Standardization of Panchavaktra Rasa w.s.r to Rasa Prakash Sudhakara .” : 2022; 5 (7):78-90 82 Labs, 230/20, sector 23, Haldighati Marg , Pratap Nagar , Sanganer , Jaipur - 302033, Rajasthan The Test parameters were taken according to “Protocol for Testing of Ayurvedic, Siddha and Unani medicines”, Govt. of India, Dept. of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Pharmacopoeial Laboratory for Indian Medicines, Ghaziabad; Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India, 2008 Dept. of Ayush, Govt. of India, and “Laboratory Guide for the Analysis of Ayurvedic and Siddha Formulations”, CCRAS, Dept. of Ayush, Govt. of India, 2010. The study has been done on the following parameters: 1. Organoleptic parameters: The results of parameters like Appearance, Colour, Taste, Odour of Samples of Panchavaktra Rasa (PR 1 , PR 2 , PR 3 ) are shown in Table no.8. 2. Pharmaceutical standardization of Vati The results of parameters like Hardness of pills, Friability test, Disintegration test of Samples of Panchavaktra Rasa vati (PR 1 , PR 2 , PR 3 ) are shown in Table no.9. 3. Physico-chemical constants: The results of parameters like pH value, Loss on drying, Ash value, Acid Insoluble ash, Water soluble ash, Sulphated Ash, Alcohol soluble extractive, Water soluble extractive of Samples of Panchavaktra Rasa (PR 1 , PR 2 , PR 3 ) are shown in Table no.10. 4. Test for microbial contamination The results of parameters like Total bacterial count, Total fungal count of Samples of Panchavaktra Rasa (PR 1 , PR 2 , PR 3 ) are shown in Table no.11. 5. Qualitative and quantitative analysis The result of ICP-MS (Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry) of Samples of Panchavaktra Rasa (PR 1 , PR 2 , PR 3 ) are shown in Table no.12. The result of HPTLC (High performance Thin layer chromatography) of Samples of Panchavaktra Rasa (PR 1 , PR 2 , PR 3 ) are shown in Table no.13. DISCUSSION Shodhan of Parada was done as per the method from Rasa Tarangini 300 g. of Parada was taken, out of which 8.4% loss occurs while shodhan with Shudha and At the end after shodhan with Saindhav and Leshuna , total Parada obtained was 236 g. and total 64 g. was lost (22 %). This may be due to handling loss or jalgati and malgati during the procedure. After shodhan Parada was appear to be smooth and shining Shodhana of Gandhaka was carried out according to references of Rasaamritam Screening of all the Rasa texts reveals that most of the Acharyas have advised the Shodhana of Gandhaka by milk. Shodhana by other materials have also been indicated according to the need for therapeutic purpose. Thus in the present study, Gogmuta and Godugdh was taken as Shodhana drug for Gandhaka . Both of them are useful to remove water as well as fat soluble impurities of Gandhaka . Total 10% loss is seen due to removal of impurities as well as some spilling due to handelling loss Samaguna Kajjali was prepared according to the Rasa Tarangini . In this practical Kajjali was prepared using equal quantity of Suddha Parada (235 g.) and SuddhaGandhaka (235 g.). Trituration of Parada and Gandhaka was done in khalva yantra for 24 hours till all the tests of Kajjali became positive. In the prepared Kajjali , there was loss of 22 g. The loss in weight may be due to spilling out of material during trituration. Shodhana of Vatsanabha , was carried out according to the method prescribed by AFI. Here the process using Gomutra was adopted. As Vatsanabha is an established toxic drug and Gomutra contains a Vishahara property. Simultaneously, Gomutra potentiates the Vata - kaphahara properties of Vatsanabha , being a Vata - kaphaharadravya itself. The loss during Vatsanabha Shodhana could be attributed due to two reasons i.e. in making pieces of Vatsanabha and washing out of soluble part of Vatsanabha while replacing Gomutra daily and at last, in washing with hot water. So, for preventing this loss, instead of making small pieces first, the whole Vatsanabha root should be immersed in Gomutra bundled in cotton cloth and at last day after washing with hot water, pieces should be made with the help of cutter Shodhana of Tankana was done as per Ayurveda Prakash reference. Tankana plays an important role in Panchavaktra Rasa and Tribhuvana Kirti Rasa preparation, as it is said to be an antidote of Vatsanabha . Tankana has been used to decrease the harmful effects of Vatsanabha . The impurity of Tankana is its crystalline water content. Hence, after undergoing Shodhana , its weight decreased considerably. The yield of Shuddha Tankana is 56.75%. For PR Vati preparation the powders after accurately weighing were levigated with the Dhatura Patra Swarasa . The juice consumed was 350 ml of Dhatura in each sample. Final wt 213-14 g weight gain in each sample was observed amounting to 9.86% and this might be due to addition of the solid contents from the liquid that have been used. As per the organoleptic evaluation of Panchavaktra Rasa , all the three sample vati are same black in colour and katu in rasa according to their constituents like Kajjali etc.

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[Find the meaning and references behind the names: Prakasan, Sharma, Motilal, Nil, Mishra, Gautam]

Dhan Raj et. al “Standardization of Panchavaktra Rasa w.s.r to Rasa Prakash Sudhakara .” : 2022; 5 (7):78-90 83 The colour mainly reflects the materials present in the drugs acquiring the colour following levigation and taste of drug is characteristic of ingredients used in formulation. Among the physico chemical parameters the hardness of vati denotes the resistance of the vati to chipping, abrasion or breakage under condition of storage, transportation, and handling before usage depends on its hardness. Hardness of PR is little high which is difficult to explain, but may be due to Bhawana dravyas and will be recommended to powder it before use The testing of a tablets hardness (or more correctly breaking force) plays a vital role in both product development and subsequent quality control. LOD determines the amount of volatile matter. The moisture content of a drug should be minimized in order to prevent decomposition of product either due to chemical changes or microbial contamination. Excess of moister in drug encourage microbial growth, presence of fungi or insects and deterioration following hydrolysis. LOD of all samples of PR are within limits indicating less moisture presence. Total ash is one of the criteria to judge the identity and purity of a drug. The residue remaining after ignition is called ash which generally content some inorganic salts derived from the sample but some adulteration may be added form sands and soil. The data indicates that three samples of PR have some elevation due to addition of impurities like silica. Total microbial count and total fungal count in samples of PR are under the permissible limits indicating hygienic conditions for handling and storage condition. CONCLUSION Panchavaktra Rasa selected for the present study, is the formulation indicated in jwara roga. Most of the ingredients are of katu rasa and pittahara properties which help in sampraptvightana of jwara . Kajjali is yogavahidravya acting as bio-enhancer and in turn improving bio-availability of formulation. Average value of various parameters like hardness, disintegration time, LOD, total ash, water soluble ash, acid insoluble ash, water soluble ext., alcohol soluble extract, pH for PR (8.7) hardness (9.37), Friability (0), disintegration time (41.33), LOD (11.3), total ash (18.05), water soluble ash (6.17), acid insoluble ash (2.41), water soluble extract (24.57), alcohol soluble extract (5.45). HPTLC finger printing of samples of PR shows 8-11 spots of all the samples which confirms the chemical nature and distribution pattern in specified mobile phase. PR 1 Sample confirmed 10 distinct spots at 510 nm, 07 distinct spots at 366 nm and 09 spots at 254 nm whereas PR 2 sample confirmed 11 distinct spots at 510 nm, 06 distinct spots at 366 nm and 08 spots at 254 nm. The PR 3 sample confirmed 10 distinct spots at 510 nm, 07 distinct spots at 366 nm and 08 spots at 254 nm Acknowledgements- Nil Conflict of Interest – None Source of Finance & Support – Nil ORCID Dhan Raj Bairwa , https://orcid.org/ 0000-0002-8074-635 X REFERENCES 1 Kunle OF, Omoregie EH, Ochogu AP. Standardization of herbal medicines – A review. Int J Biodivers Conserv. 2012;4:101–12 2 Sharma S; Rasa Tarangini,Prasadani vyakhya by Haridatta Shastri, Chapter 5/27-30 Motilal Banarasidas, Delhi, 8 th reprint 2014, 11 th , Edition -1979.pp.79-80. 3 Acharya YT, Rasaamritam; Chapter 2/3, Chaukhambha, Surabharati Prakasan, Varanasi, 1 st edition, 2008.pp.18. 4 Sharma S; Rasa Tarangini,Prasadani vyakhya by Haridatta Shastri, Chapter 6/107 , Motilal Banarasidas, Delhi, 8 th reprint 2014, 11 th Edition -1979.pp.124-125. 5 Acharya YT; Rasaamritam; Gautam; Parishishta 8 Chaukhambha Surabharati Prakasan, Varanasi, 1 st edition, 2008.pp.145 6 Mishra G, Ayurveda Prakaasa, Arthavidyotini & Arthaprakasini Sanskrit and Hindi Commentaries by, Chapter 2/244 Chaukhambha Bharati Academy, Varanasi, Reprinted 2014.pp.319-320. 7 Srivastva S, Aacharya Shaarngadhar ;Shaarangadhar Samhita with Jiwanprada Hindi commentary by, Madhyam Khanda, Chapter 6/1 Chaukhambha Orientalia,Varanasi, 4 th edition 2005.pp.173 . 8 Srivastva S;Shaarangadhar Samhita with Jiwanprada Hindi commentary Madhyam Khanda Chapter 1/2, Chaukhambha Orientalia,Varanasi, 4 th edition 2005.pp.127. 9 Mishra G, Rasa Prakash Sudhakar with Siddhiprada hindi commentary and translation: Chapter 6/ 99-101 Chaukhambha Orientalia, Varanasi, Reprint, 2009.pp.164- 165. How to cite this article: Bairwa DR, Meena MP, Tare M, Verma VS “Standardization Of Panchavaktra Rasa W.S.R To Rasa Prakash Sudhakar IRJAY.[online]2022;5(7); 78-90. Available from: https://irjay.com DOI linkhttps://doi.org/10.47223/IRJAY.2022.5710

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[Find the meaning and references behind the names: Sara, Yuka, Guru, Ama, Shad, Mana]

Dhan Raj et. al “Standardization of Panchavaktra Rasa w.s.r to Rasa Prakash Sudhakara .” : 2022; 5 (7):78-90 84 Table No. 1: Showing Composition of Panchavaktra Rasa S.N. Ingredients Latin Name Parts Used Amount 1 Parada Mercury (Hg) Purified Mercury 30 gm. 2 Gandhaka Sulphur (S) Purified Gandhaka 30 gm. 3 Vatsanabha Aconitum Chasmanthum Root 30 gm. 4 Tankana Borax Purified Tankana 30 gm. 5 Maricha Piper nigrum Fruit 30 gm. 6 Pippali Piper longum Fruit 30 gm. 7 Dhatura Dhatura Metel Patra Swarasa Q.S Table No. 2: Showing Ayurvedic Properties of ingredients of Panchavaktra Rasa Name of Drug Rasa Guna Virya Vipaka Karma Rogaghnata Parad Shad Rasa Snigdha, Sara, Guru Ushna Madhura/ Katu Tridosaghna Jwara, Krimi, Kustha, Kilash, Prameha Gandhaka Katu, Tikta Snigdha, Sara Ushna Katu, Madhura Kapha Vatahara, Pittajanana Kandu, Kushtha, Visarpa, Dadru, Krimi, Kasa, Vatsanabha Madhura Ushna, Ruksha, Tikshna, Laghu, Vikasi, Vyavayi, Ushna Madhura Tridoshahara, Rasayana, Swedala. Sannipata, Vatakaphajvara, Vataroga, Jvaratisar Tankana Katu Tikshna, Ushna, Laghu, Ruksha Ushna Katu Vata-kapha Shamaka Kasa, Shvasa, Visha, Aadhmana, Marich Katu, Tikta Laghu, Ruksha, Tikshna. Ushna Katu Kaphavatjit,Vatah ara Pittakara, Kaphavatasamaka . Shula, Agnimandya,Adh mana Vatavikara Pippali Katu Laghu, Snigdha Anusna Madhura Dry Pippali - Kaph vata shamak. Wet Pippali - Pitta shamak. Ama Vata, Amdosha, Jvara. Krimi, Kustha, Pliha Roga Dhatura ( Bhawana Dravya ) Tikta, Katu Laghu, Ruksha, Vyavayi, Vikasi Ushna Katu Jantughna, Vedanasthapana, Madaka, Kaphahara, Shulaprashamana , Vishahara, Vatahara Shwasa,Parinama shula, Vrikkashula, Ashmari, Kashtartava, Svedadhikya, Yuka, Liksha

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[Find the meaning and references behind the names: Shiny, Brown, Bright]

Dhan Raj et. al “Standardization of Panchavaktra Rasa w.s.r to Rasa Prakash Sudhakara .” : 2022; 5 (7):78-90 85 Table No. 3: Showing the physical character of Ashuddha and Shuddha Parada Tests Asuddha Parada Suddha Parada Colour Dull silver colour Bright silver colour Luster Dull Shiny Touch Smooth Smooth Table No.4. Showing the physical characters of Kajjali Test Apperence of Kajjali Appearance Fine Powder Colour Black Touch Smooth Smell No Specific Smell Table No.5: Showing the physical character of Ashuddha and Shuddha Vatsanabha : Tests Asuddha Vatsanabha Suddha Vatsanabha Appearance Solid with covering Solid without covering Colour Black , dark brown Light brown ,whitish Touch Hard, Solid Soft, elastic Smell Has characteristic smell Tikshna & Gomutra Smell Table No. 6: Showing removal of foreign matter from crude drugs S. No. Ingredients Total amount Amount after removing foreign matter Amount after powder % loss 1. Maricha 400 g. 390 378 5.5 2. Pippali 400 g. 380 370 7.5 Table No. 7: showing observation and results of Bhawana of samples PanchvaktraRas Drug Amount of bhawana dravya added (ml) wt. of sample drug Before bhawana (g.) wt. of sample drug After bhawana (g.) Time taken Colours of sample drug PR 1 350 180 214 8 hrs. Black PR 2 350 180 213 8 hrs Black PR 3 350 180 214 8 hrs Black Table No. 8: Showing the Organo-leptic characters of the Samples Panchavaktra Rasa Sample Appearance Colour Taste Odour PR 1 Round shaped hard vati Black Katu Characteristic PR 2 Round shaped hard vati Black Katu, Characteristic PR 3 Round shaped hard vati Black Katu, Characteristic

[[[ p. 9 ]]]

[Find the meaning and references behind the names: Min]

Dhan Raj et. al “Standardization of Panchavaktra Rasa w.s.r to Rasa Prakash Sudhakara .” : 2022; 5 (7):78-90 86 Table No. 9: Showing the results of Hardness, Friability, Disintegration time of Panchavaktra Rasa Parameter PR 1 PR 2 PR 3 Hardness (kg) 9.82 8.84 9.46 Friability 0 0 0 Disintegration Time 38 min. 41 min. 45 min. Table No. 10: Showing the results of physicochemical constants for Panchavaktra Rasa Parameter PR 1 PR 2 PR 3 pH 8.7 8.7 8.7 Loss on Drying 11.6(% w/w) 10.1(% w/w) 12.2(% w/w) Total Ash 19.17 (% w/w) 16.36(% w/w) 18.62(% w/w) Acid-Insoluble Ash 1.38(% w/w) 2.55(% w/w) 3.31(% w/w) Determination of Sulphated Ash 16.36 % w/w 15.65% w/w 16.30% w/w Water Soluble Ash 6.00(% w/w) 6.77(% w/w) 5.74(% w/w) Alcohol-soluble extractive 4.75 % w/w 6.05 % w/w 5.55 % w/w Water-soluble extractive 23.20 % w/w 23.18 % w/w 27.34 % w/w Table No. 11: Showing Microbiological Analysis of the Panchavaktra Rasa Analysis PR 1 PR 2 PR 3 Total bacterial count 1100 cfu/g 1500 cfu/g. 1200 cfu/g. Total Fungal count <10 cfu/g. <10 cfu/g. <10 cfu/g. Table no.12: Showing results found in ICP-MS Study of Panchavaktra Rasa Elements PR 1 PR 2 PR 3 Lead (as Pb) ND ND ND Cadmium (as Cd) ND ND ND Arsenic (as As) ND ND ND Mercury (as Hg) 4100 PPM 3900 PPM 4300 PPM Table No. 13: Band visualize at different wavelength in HPTLC Study of Panchavaktra Rasa Sample 254 nm wavelength 366 nm wavelength 510 nm wavelength Panchvaktra Rasa 1. Band-9 Band-7 Band-10 2. Band-8 Band- 6 Band- 11 3. Band -8 Band- 7 Band- 10

[[[ p. 10 ]]]

Dhan Raj et. al “Standardization of Panchavaktra Rasa w.s.r to Rasa Prakash Sudhakara .” : 2022; 5 (7):78-90 87 PHARMACEUTICAL IMAGES RAW DRUGS Parada Gandhaka Maricha Pippali Vatsanabha Tankana Experiment no.1: Shodhana of Parada

[[[ p. 11 ]]]

Dhan Raj et. al “Standardization of Panchavaktra Rasa w.s.r to Rasa Prakash Sudhakara .” : 2022; 5 (7):78-90 88 Experiment no.2: Shodhana of Gandhaka Experiment no.3: Preparation of Kajjali Experiment no.4: Vatsanabha Shodhana

[[[ p. 12 ]]]

Dhan Raj et. al “Standardization of Panchavaktra Rasa w.s.r to Rasa Prakash Sudhakara .” : 2022; 5 (7):78-90 89 Experiment no.5: Tankana Shodhana Experiment no.6: Preparation of Powder of crude drugs Pippali Maricha Experiment no.7: Preparation of Dhatura Patra Swarasa Experiment no.8: Preparation of Three Samples of Panchavaktra Rasa Kajjali Maricha Pippali Vatsanabha Tankana

[[[ p. 13 ]]]

Dhan Raj et. al “Standardization of Panchavaktra Rasa w.s.r to Rasa Prakash Sudhakara .” : 2022; 5 (7):78-90 90 Mixture of all ingredients of Panchavaktra Rasa with Dhatura Patra Swarasa PR 1 PR 2 PR 3 HPTLC IMAGES REFERENCES: 254 nm 366 nm 510 nm

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