Survey Study on Role of Ksheera and Ksheerotpanna Padartha for Longevity

[Find the meaning and references behind the names: Mohd, Guna, Mahesh, Pathan, Meena, Anita, Ikbal]

Survey Study This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License International Research Journal of Ayurveda & Yoga Vol. 5 (2),196-202, February, 2022 ISSN: 2581-785 X; https://irjay.com/ DOI: https://doi.org/10.47223/IRJAY.2022.5236 Survey Study on Role of Ksheera and Ksheerotpanna Padartha for Longevity Anita Meena 1 , Ikbal Mohd. Pathan, 2 Hemwati Gurjar, 3 Mahesh Dixit 4 1 MD. Scholar in Dravyaguna department, MMM govt. Ayurveda college, Udaipur 2 MD. Scholar in Dravyaguna department, MMM govt. Ayurveda college, Udaipur 3 MD Assis. Prof. in Dravyaguna department, MMM govt. Ayurveda college, Udaipur 4 MD. Ph.D. & HOD of surgery department and principal of MMM govt. Ayurveda college, Udaipur INTRODUCTION Ayurveda states, "nothing heals better than food" and Acharyas considers food as the best healer 1 . Ayurveda, the science of life, has categorically described various types of milk and milk products, which include milk, curd, buttermilk, butter, Dadhi , etc. The life of a new-born depends on the mother's milk. And that makes milk an elixir to life. According to ayurveda, milk provides special and unique nutrition that cannot be derived from any other type of food. Milk, when digested properly, nourishes all the dhatus, promotes balanced emotions, and helps to balance all the doshas. It is one of the most important foods to promote Ojas. 2 According to Ayurveda, Ojas is a refined substance the body produces from the most subtle level of proper digestion. Of the eight types of milk mentioned in Ayurveda, cow's milk is said to be the best 3 Cow's milk is rejuvenating ( Rasayana ). Rasayana enhances physical strength, ensures youthfulness, increases longevity, Article Info Article history: Received on: 15-01-2022 Accepted on: 22-02-2022 Available online:28-02-2022 Corresponding author- Anita Meena, MD. Scholar in Dravyaguna department, MMM govt. Ayurveda college, Udaipur Email:- traptimeena 3693@gamil.com ABSTRACT: Ayurveda, the science of life emphasizes on Dincharya , Ritucharya, Ahar that brings in cumulation ‘swasthya’ (Health)to the individual. Ksheer (Milk)is one of the Pranija Aahariya drava dravya enriched with Gunas essential for the efficient smooth functioning of the body. This article is a survey study conducted under Nirogi Rajasthan programe on 1500 people aged above 60 years irrespective of their gender. The data contained in this research was obtained from a study, that consisted of set of questionnaires which reflects on subjective health parameters stated in Ayurveda, achieved after consumption of dairy products. The effect of regular intake of ksheera and ksheerotpanna padarth in context with longevity is explained here The overall percentage of dugdha Sevana was 84.20%. Same as 1101 person take proper dadhi sevana and overall percentage 73.40% and ghrita sevana 1336 -89.07%. This shows that the people taking Rasayana have better life expectancy (longevity). Key words: Ksheera, Dadhi, Gavya Dadhi, Mahish dadhi etc

[Find the meaning and references behind the names: Rasa, Pandu, Good]

Anita et al . “ Survey Study on Role of Ksheera and Ksheerotpanna Padartha for Longevity ” : 2022; 5 (2):196-202 197 strengthens the immune system, sharpens dhee, dhriti, smriti, increases Ojas, improves skin lustre, and also strengthens sense and voice. Ajasrika rasayana taken regularly provides nourishment to rasa-raktadi dhatus and enhances Ojas. being one of the simple methods of practicing Rasayana helps people to restore their immunity naturally. Ksheera – ksheera has been defined as excellent rasayana dravya as it's essential for people of all ages and as a nutritional supplement. According to trendy technological know-how, cow's milk has all of the crucial vitamins that are wanted for the frame, viz energy, carbohydrates, proteins, calcium, vitamins, magnesium, potassium, and so on. so, it's taken into consideration as an excellent food plan supplement. Ksheer is Preenana , Brihmana , Vrishya , Madhya , Balya , Jeevaneeya , Shramahara , Deepaneeya , Pathya , Satmya and it is indicated in Shwasa , Kasa , Raktapitta , Trishna , Pandu , Amlapitta , Gulma, Shosha, Udara, Atisara, Jwara, Daha, Shwayathu, Yonivikara, Shukravikara, GrathitaPurisha, Vata-Pitta vikaras. Milk has been known as nature’s most complete food. The proof is that a newborn baby does not need any other foods except mother’s milk. However, the traditional and contemporary view of the role of milk has been remarkably expanded beyond the horizon of nutritional subsistence of infants. Milk is more than a source of nutrients to any neonate of mammalian species, as well as for growth of children and nourishment of adult humans Properties of ksheera – [ chrak sutra 27] 4 (Table 1) Now starts the phase on cow`s milk and its products. Cow`s milk has ten houses viz. Goat`s milk is an astringent, is sweet, bloodless in efficiency, mild and is powerful in treating raktapitta (bleeding disorders), diarrhoea, wasting, cough and fever. It is likewise beneficial in numerous sicknesses. It is utilized in such a lot of sicknesses as pathya. Clinical importance of ksheera – Goksheera is very useful in healthy individuals. It is also useful in various diseases. In bahudoshaavastha of pitaja - atisara for samsrana goksheera is used, in patients of deeptagni . It acts on vata and pitta dosha and also it is useful in mental disorders, daha, trishna, udavarta, gulma, atisara, shrama, klama, kshatakheena, mada. It is used in so many diseases as pathya . It is used as anupana in so many preparations.(Table 2) Importance of ksheera in old age – It is critical that older human beings get sufficient calcium a good enough deliver can assist to preserve bone energy and preserve bones wholesome at some point of older age. Vit D is likewise critical for wholesome bones in older human beings as it's far wanted for the absorption of calcium from food. Cow milk is ideal supply of calcium and vit D as a result it's far critical to devour cow milk in antique age consequently goksheera utilized in jara as preventive, curative, and fitness promotive purpose Milk is consumed after meals to supply nourishment to the body. If milk has an unpleasant odour or flavour, is sour or salty, or has changed colour, it should not be used. Children, elderly, those suffering from elevated vata – pitta , those in need of nutrients, those with decreased tissues such as bone deterioration, and those in the summer season – ksheer is beneficial in all of these situations. Indications for ksheer intake – Children, aged persons, persons suffering from increased Vata – pitta , persons who need nutrition, who have diminished tissues like bone degeneration, etc, in summer season – in all these usages of milk is good. Contra – indications for ksheer intake - When Kapha is increased in the body, who are suffering from vomiting, diarrhoea, fever, cough, breathlessness, cold, etc should avoid intake of milk. Properties of Mahish ksheer - The milk of buffalos is heavy for digestion, cold in potency, reduces Vata & Pitta , Good in excessive appetite, Useful in loss of sleep. When a person has excessive hunger & digests the food very quickly, buffalo curd can be given with rice. (Especially curd rice prepared with previous night cooked rice is said to be good but must be taken after proper advise). DADHI : 5 – Ayurveda clearly mentions the conditions where it has to be used & not used. Curd is recommended in rhinitis, diarrhoea, cold, irregular fevers, anorexia, dysuria, and emaciation. Curd is prohibited in autumn, summer, and spring seasons. It is also unwholesome in raktapitta (bleeding disorders) and disorders of kapha .(Table 3) Dadhi Varga [ Su.Su.45/65-70] 5 : - Cow's curd ( Gavya Dadhi ) is considered superior, promotes strength, good appetizer, stimulates digestive fire, nourishes, and pacifies Vata dosha . Recommended in

[Find the meaning and references behind the names: Honey, Green, April, Ritu]

Anita et al . “ Survey Study on Role of Ksheera and Ksheerotpanna Padartha for Longevity ” : 2022; 5 (2):196-202 198 Dyspnoea ( Swasa ), Cough ( Kasa) , Haemorrhoids, Debility, and Increases Digestive Fire (Jataragni). While using curds, one should use along with Soup prepared with moong dal / green gram (better during rainy season), Honey, Ghee, Sugar and Amalaki (also better during winter) Precautions to use curds 5 : - 1-Should be used only during cold seasons like winter & rainy season. 2-In other seasons it should not be used e., in Vasanat ritu – March & April Grisham Ritu – April & May, Sharad Ritu – Sept & Oct. Even in the indicated season also, during night food, curds should not be used. While using curds, one should use along with Soup prepared with moong dal / green gram (better during rainy season), Honey (better during winter), Ghee (better during rainy season), Sugar (better during last part of rainy season), Amalaki (better during winter). GHRITA: 6 – Ayurveda recognizes four types of fats; ghrita (ghee), oil (sesame), vasa (muscle), and majjā (marrow). Ghrita alleviates pitta and vata and is beneficial for rasa, shukra and oja . Provides relief from burning sensation, softens the tissues, improves voice and complexion. It is very beneficial for the skin, ushna virya , increases stability, and purifies or cleanses the vagina/ uterus. Vasa is useful in healing punctured wounds, fractures, accidental trauma, prolapsed vagina, pain in ear and head, enhancing virility, oleation and for those doing physical exertion.(Table 4) Ghrita is Rasayana , tasty, good for eyes, stimulant for digestion, supports glow and beauty, enhances memory and stamina, promotes longevity, and protects the body from diseases. It pacifies vata by snigddha guna , pitta by madhura rasa and shaityata and kapha by processing with kaphahara drugs 7 . AIMS AND OBJECTIVES 1 To understand the role of ksheer (milk) and ksheerotpanna padarth ( dadhi , ghrita ) in Ayurveda . 2 To understand the effect and role of ksheer and ksheerotpanna padarth in the context of longevity. 3 A survey study of peoples aged above 60 years irrespective of their gender. MATERIALS AND METHODS A survey was conducted under Nirogi Rajasthan programme. This survey was done on 1500 people aged above 60 years irrespective of their gender. A questionnaire format was used for this survey study. The questions prepared were in bivariate (yes/no) and multiplechoice forms and were used to collect the data. The related references have been collected from different Ayurvedic texts and its available commentaries, related websites. The collected references have been critically observed, compiled, and discussed thoroughly. RESULT The data contained in this research was obtained from a study, that consisted of set of questionnaires which reflects on subjective health parameters stated in Ayurveda, achieved after consumption of dairy products. The study was conducted in state of Rajasthan amongst 1500 people aged above 60 years. The under given following data was observed. Among 1500 subjects, 841 were male with 56.07% and 659 were female with 43.93% (Table 5). The body Constitution (Sharirik Prakriti) of enrolled subjects were Kaphaj 593 cases with 39.53 %, Pitta with 379 cases that summed up to 25.27% and Vata that totalled to 528% with 35.20%. (Table 6) The data showed consumption of Dadhi was consumed by 91 subjects twice a day, 10 subjects in morning ,1168 subjects in morning and 231 subjects did not consume it at all.( Table 7) The overall percentage of dugdha Sevana was 84.20%. Same as 1101 person take proper dadhi sevana and overall percentage 73.40% and ghrita sevana 1336 -89.07% (table no.8). This shows that the people taking Rasayana have better life expectancy (longevity). The data contained in this research was obtained from a study both online and face to face and which consisted in completing a questionnaire by consumers of dairy products in Sibiu country. This study was attended by 250 people residing in Sibiu county between 18-25 years, The data contained in this research was obtained from a study both online and face to face and which consisted in completing a questionnaire by consumers of dairy products in Sibiu country. This study was attended by 250 people

[Find the meaning and references behind the names: Melody, Cool, Long, Nil]

Anita et al . “ Survey Study on Role of Ksheera and Ksheerotpanna Padartha for Longevity ” : 2022; 5 (2):196-202 199 residing in Sibiu county between 18-25 years DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION. In Ayurveda, we consider milk to be a sort of power food When it comes to entering the body's seven dhatus or layers of tissue (bones, neurological system, muscles, fat, blood, plasma, and reproductive tissue), Ayurveda considers milk to be a kind of power meal. At fact, you may have noticed "ojas milk" in health food stores. 8 This is because healthy milk produces ojas, which we all require to survive. Milk provides a wide range of health advantages, including increased energy, stamina, immunity, bone health, better sleep, aid in the development of healthy bacteria in our stomach, and fertility (pregnant women and women trying to conceive are often told to drink more milk, as well as breastfeeding mothers) 9 Ksheer is indicated in anaemia, acid dyspepsia ( amlapitta ), consumption, gulma and generalized enlargement of abdomen (Udara), diarrhoea, fever, burning sensation, particularly in oedema, vaginal and seminal disorders, oliguria and hard stools. It is wholesome to disorders of vata and pitta . Milk of shecamel is slightly saline in taste while she-goat's milk is astringent and rough and hot Milk is not harmful for adhoga and urdhvaga raktapitta due to laxative and kapha vitiating properties respectively. Milk is beneficial for mental faculties due to its action and general nourishing property which includes the proper growth of the mental faculties also and not the mind itself which is eternal. In such conditions milk of a she-goat or of a cow, boiled with five times its volume of water is advised Persons who have desiring good eyesight, those who are wounded, emaciated, old and infirm, children and women, those willing to live long, those willing to have good strength, complexion, voice, nourishment, healthy progeny, luxurious lifestyle, good vitality, memory, intelligence, digestive strength, strength of sense organs, and those suffering from burning sensation, injury by weapon, poison and fire should drink ghrita 10 . Because of its unctuousness, ghee is the finest oleate. Almost every condition requires some kind of medicinal ghee preparation. 11 Ghee has the unusual ability to absorb the characteristics of the herbs it is treated with while maintaining its own. It balances vata and pitta with its snigdha guna (unctuous traits) and madhura (sweet) and sheeta (cool) qualities. Acknowledgements: -Nil Conflict of Interest –None Source of Finance & Support -Nil REFERENCES 1 Brahmanand N, 7 Different Types Of Milk – Everything You Need To Know! Ayurveda Treatment From My Blog, Ayurvedic Concept, Foods – July 3, 2020 2. Melody M, Building A Healthy Immune System, An Ayurvedic Guide To Strengthening Ojas, AP 2021. 3. Komala S, GHRITA AS AJASRIKA RASAYANA, UJAHM 2015, 03 (04): Page 61-63 4. Shastri K, Charak Samhita Adhyaya Annapanvidhi, Quotation-127,128, Part-2, Chaukhambha Bharati Academy, Varanasi 5 . Shastri D, Sushrut Samhita Dravdravyavidhy Adhyayah, Quotation-78-82, Chaukhambha Sanskrit Sansthan, Varanasi.2008 6.Mahajan M, A Critical Review Of Go-Ghrita In Today’s Era, IJARESM, Volume 9, Issue 8, August -2021 7. Paradhkar H Vagbhatta, In Ashtanga Hridhay, Sutrasthana, 5/39, Reprinted Ed. New Delhi, Rashtriya Sanskrita Samstha 2002, Pp 73-74 8. Shastri D, Sushrut Samhita Dravdravyavidhy Adhyayah, Quotation-78-82, Chaukhambha Sanskrit Sansthan, Varanasi.2008. 9. Shastri K, Charak Samhita Adhyaya Annapanvidhi, Quotation-82-83, Part-2, Chaukhambha Bharati Academy, Varanasi 10. Shastri K, Charak Samhita Adhyaya Annapanvidhi, Quotation-41-42 Part-2, Chaukhambha Bharati Academy, Varanasi 11. Shastri K, Charak Samhita Adhyaya Annapanvidhi, Quotation-39-42, Part-2, Chaukhambha Bharati Academy, Varanasi How to cite this article: Meena A, Pathan I, Gurjar H, Dixit M “Survey Study On Role Of Ksheera And Ksheerotpanna Padartha For Longevity” IRJAY.[online]2022;5(2);196-202. Available from: https://irjay.com DOI: https://doi.org/10.47223/IRJAY.2022.5236

[Find the meaning and references behind the names: Bala, Prasanna, Guru, Ama]

Anita et al . “ Survey Study on Role of Ksheera and Ksheerotpanna Padartha for Longevity ” : 2022; 5 (2):196-202 200 Table no. 1 – Properties of ksheer Table no. 2- Therapeutic use of milk according to time and age Properties Goksheer Mahish ksheer Aja ksheer Rasa Madhura Madhura Kashaya, Madhur Guna Mrudu, Snigdha, Shlakshna, Picchila, Bahala, Guru, Prasanna, Manda Guru Laghu Veerya Sheeta Sheeta Sheeta Vipak Madhura Madhura Madhura Doshaghanta Vatapittahara Karma Jeevaniya, Rasayana, Ojovardhan Nidrakarak, Atyagninashak Raktapitta, Atisar, Kshya, Kasa, jwarnashak, Malbandhak Time Therapeutic effect Purvanha (upto 10 AM) agnivardhaka , viryavardhaka , brimhana Madhyahna balakaraka, kapha-pitta shamaka, agnideepaka Night alleviates various doshas , acts as pathya and beneficial for eyes Age In Childhood increases bala In old age increasing reta Contraindication - Navajwara, agnimandya, ama, kushtha, kaphajashoola, kasa, atisara, krimi

[Find the meaning and references behind the names: Arsh, Gora]

Anita et al . “ Survey Study on Role of Ksheera and Ksheerotpanna Padartha for Longevity ” : 2022; 5 (2):196-202 201 Table no. 3 – properties of dadhi Table no. 4 – Properties of ghrita Table 5:-Gender Sex No. of cases % Of cases Male 841 56.07% Female 659 43.93% Table 6:-Prakriti (Body Constitution ) Type of Prakriti No. of cases Percentage Kapha 593 39.53% Pitta 379 25.27% Vata 528 35.20% S. No. Goras Name Guna Karma Dosh Dhatu Karma Prayog 1. Gavya Dadhi Snigdha,Madhurvipak Vatanashak Ruchikarak 2. Mahish Dadhi Snigdha,Madhurvipak Vatapitta nashak, Kaphavardhak Vrishya 3. Aja Dadhi Laghu Vatapitta nashak Vatakshya nashak, Arsh shwas-kasa nashak, Deepan Properties Go ghrita Mahish ghrita Aja ghrita Guna-Karma Madhur, Sheeta Madhur, Guru, Sheeta Laghu Dosh karma Vata-Pitta prashman - Kapha vardhak, vata-pitta prashaman Prayog Vishaharam, Chakshushya, Balya Rakta-pittahar Agnideepak, Chakshushya, Balya

Anita et al . “ Survey Study on Role of Ksheera and Ksheerotpanna Padartha for Longevity ” : 2022; 5 (2):196-202 202 Table 7 Shows Dadhi Sevan Table No.8 Shows %age Of Dairy Product used Dairy Product No. of cases Percentage Proper Milk 1 263 84.20% Proper Dadhi 1106 73.40% Ghee 1136 89.07% Parameters No. of cases % Of cases Both 91 6.07% Evening 10 0.67% Morning 1168 77.87% None 231 15.40 %

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Vata, Pitta, Goghrita, Cow milk, Digestive fire, Burning sensation, Mental disorder, Summer season, Physical strength, Excellent food, Four types, Cold season, Mental faculties, Better life, Science of Life, Loss of sleep, Acid dyspepsia, Immune system, Cow's curd, Vata and Pitta, Good eyesight, Survey study, Charak Samhita, Proper digestion, Healthy individual, Sushrut Samhita, Nutritional supplement, Ayurveda College, Clinical importance, Ajasrika Rasayana, Dravyaguna Department, Discussion and Conclusion, Ksheera, Complete food, Ghrita (ghee), Bleeding disorder, Milk and milk product, Doshaghanta, Medicinal Ghee, Table No. 1, Table No. 2, Table 5, Table 6, Table 7, Dadhi Sevan, Seven Dhatu, Kaphaj, Materials and method, Aims and objective, Dairy product, Bone strength, Mother's milk, Key-word, Ayurveda states, Table No. 3, Table No. 4, Raktapitta Vikara, International Research Journal, Sharirik Prakriti, MD Scholar.