Review on Abutilon Indicum (Linn.) Sweet (Atibala) - An Important Herb in...

[Full title: Review on Abutilon Indicum (Linn.) Sweet (Atibala) - An Important Herb in Ayurveda]

[Find the meaning and references behind the names: Bala, Shri, Pir, Ram, Baba, Peer, Long, Sai, Chaudhary, Sukha]

P a g e | 172 Review article ISSN NO. 2581-785 X IRJAY IS OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF BALA G PUBLICATION International Research Journal of Ayurveda & Yoga An International Peer Reviewed Journal for Ayurveda & Yoga VOLUME 4 ISSUE 8 1 Assistant Professor, Department of Dravyaguna Vigyana, Shri Shirdi Sai Baba Ayurved College and Hospital, Mundiyagarh, Kishangarh-Renwal, Jaipur 2 Professor and Head, PG Department of Dravyaguna Vigyana, National Institute of Ayurveda, Deemed To be University (De Novo), Jaipur 3 Lecturer, PG Department of Dravyaguna Vigyana, National Institute of Ayurveda, Deemed To be University (De Novo), Jaipur Corresponding Author :- Dr. Sukha ramAssistant Professor, Department of Dravyaguna Vigyana, Shri Shirdi Sai Baba Ayurved College and Hospital, Mundiyagarh, Kishangarh-Renwal, Jaipur - 303603, Mo. 9462095197, Email id - drsrk 0777@gmail.com Article received 22 nd July 2021 Article Accepted 25 th August 2021 Article published 31 st August 2021 ABSTRACT: - Background: Abutilon indicum (Linn.) Sweet commonly known as Kanghi and Atibala , belonging to family malvaceae, is very important plant since long in traditional medicine of India and grows in hot and waste places. Ayurveda herb Atibala review is very helpful to achieve Ayurveda literature. Data Source: The material has been collected from various research articles, Vedas, Samhitas and Nighanus and internet sources etc. to the thought of medicinal uses of Atibala . Conclusion : The drug is attributed with Balya, Kantivardhaka, Ojovardhaka, Brinhana, Krimighna, Dahahara, Rasayana, Mridurechana, Vajikara, Kasahara and Vedanahara properties and The review shows that Atibala is used in many complaints like Vatarakta, Vyanga, Vata-Vyadhi and Nilika etc. in Samhitas it is used in different form of drug i.e. Kalka, Kwath, Churna, Taila and Ghrita etc. in different Ayurveda Samhitas and Nighantus . It is used in Ayurveda medicines from a very long time. The study review highlights its description in Vedas , Samhitas and Nighantus . Keywords: Atibala, Abutilon indicum (Linn.) Sweet, Ojovardhaka, Rasayana. This work is licensed under a creative attribution -Non-commercial-No derivatives 4.0 International License commons How to cite this article : Ram S, Kotecha M, Chaudhary K Review on Abutilon Indicum (Linn.) Sweet ( Atibala ) - An Important Herb in Ayurveda, IRJAY. [Online] 2021;4(8): 172-178. Available from: http://irjay.com; DOI: https://doi.org/10.47223/IRJAY.2021.4823 Review on Abutilon Indicum (Linn.) Sweet ( Atibala ) - An Important Herb in Ayurveda Sukha ram 1 , Mita Kotecha 2 , Krutika Chaudhary 3

[Find the meaning and references behind the names: Guna, Sita, Tamil, Brown, Rasa, Don]

P a g e | 173 Review article ISSN NO. 2581-785 X IRJAY IS OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF BALA G PUBLICATION INTRODUCTION Abutilon indicum (Linn.) Sweet family (malvaceae) is widely distributed throughout India up to 1200 m in Sub – Himalayan tracts and also in Srilanka. It is a perennial shrub, softly tomentose and up to 3 m in height. It is a perennial softly tomentose shrub, with very big leaves. Stem - round, frequently tinged with purple. Leaves - ovate to orbicular - cordate, 2- 2.5 cm. long acuminate, toothed, petioles long, stipules long, linear, acute,. Flowers - Solitary on jointed peduncles, orange-yellow or yellow. Calyx - lobes ovate, apiculate, Corolla - yellow, opening in the evening. Staminal tube hairy at the base, Filaments long. Seeds: 3-5, reniform, tubercled or minutely stellate - hairy, black or dark brown [1] Atibala is mentioned as having Madhura Rasa (Taste) , Laghu - Snigdha - Pichchhila Guna (Property) , Shita Virya (Potency) , Madhura Vipaka (Metabolic property) and Vatapittahara Karma (Action) etc and attributed Balya, Kantivardhaka, Grahi, Ojovardhaka, Brinhana, Krimighna, Dahahara, Vatahara, Rasayana, Mutrajanana, Snehana, Mridurechana, Vajikara, Kasahara and Vedanahara properties [2] and form of drug i.e. Kalka , Kwath , Churna , Taila and Ghrita etc. in different Ayurveda Samhitas and Nighantus . The historical evidence of Atibala is traced from Vedic period, Samhita period ancient Nighantu period. After medieval period, various types of Atibala are described by Samhitas and Nighantus under heading of Baladvaya, Balatraya, [3] Balachatushtaya [4][5] and Balapanchaya. [6] Classically, there are varieties of two type’s namely small and big types. The small variety corresponds to Abutilon indicum (Linn.) Sweet whiles the large variety to Abutilon hirtum (G. Don.) [7] This study is aimed review focus its delineation in Vedas , Samhitas and Nighantus . ❖ Taxonomical Classification: [8] • Kingdom - Plantae – Plants • Subkingdom - Tracheobionta – Vascular plants • Superdivision - Spermatophyta – Seed plants • Division - Magnoliophyta – Flowering plants • Class - Magnoliopsida – Dicotyledons • Subclass - Dilleniidae • Order - Malvales • Family - Malvaceae – Mallow family • Genus - Abutilon Mill. – Indian mallow • Species - Abutilon indicum (Linn.) – monkeybush ❖ Vernacular Names: [9] • Sanskrit – Atibala, Kankatika, Rishyaprokta . • English - Indian mallow • Hindi – Jhampi, Kangi, Khanghahi • Bangali – Jhampi, Petari, Badela • Gujarati - Khapat, Dabdi • Kanada - Srimudrigida • Malyalam – Jhonkaped, Uram • Marathi – Chakrabhenda, Kangori, Mudra, Petari • Panjabi – Kangi, Kangibooti • Tamil – Perum tutti, Thuttlis, Ponnai tutti • Telugu – Adavibenda, Botlabenda, Peddabenda, Tutturibendachettu Data Source: The material has been collected from many Vedas , Samhitas and Nighanus , research articles and internet sources etc. Atibala in Vedic Granthas : [10] In Vedic literature, we may find the extensive explanation of Atibala in Atharvaveda Bala and Atibala ( Baladvaya ) have been mentioned in Pushyabhisheka . In Vedic scripture

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P a g e | 174 Review article ISSN NO. 2581-785 X IRJAY IS OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF BALA G PUBLICATION Atibala is described as Kankatadanti and used for Vishaghana Karma. Atibala in Samhita Granthas : Charaka Samhita: [11] Table 1: Formulation and Indication of Atibala according to Charaka Samhita S. No. References Formulation Indication 1 C. Su. 4/8/2 Brinhaniya Mahakashaya Brinhana Karma 2 C. Su. 4/8/7 Balya Mahakashaya Balya Karma 3 C. Vi. 8/139 Madhura Skandha Vata-Pittahara 4 C. Sh. 8/24 Bhata 4 th -8 th Mo. Grabhini Chikitsa 5 C. Ci. 1.2/4 Aamalaka Ghrita Prajasthapana Karma 6 C. Ci. 1.2/12 29 Baladi Rasayana Rasayana Karma 7 C. Ci. 3/267 Agurvadi Taila Sheeta Jwara 8 C. Ci. 19/50 Shadangapaniya Atisara 9 C. Ci. 28/166 Rasnadi Taila Vata Vyadhi 10 C. Ci. 29/56 Bala Ghrita Hridaya Roga, Vatarakta etc. 11 C. Ci. 29/62 Jeevaniya Ghrita Pandu, Jwara etc. 12 C. Si. 12/30 1 st Baladiyapana Basti Kasa, Jwara etc. 13 C. Si. 12/31 2 nd Baladiyapana Basti Gulma, Hridaroga etc. 14 C. Si. 12/34 3 rd Baladiyapana Basti Vriddha, Durbala etc. Sushruta Samhita: [12] Table 2: Formulation and Indication of Atibala according to Sushruta Samhita S. No. References Formulation Indication 1 S. Su. 15/40 Aushadha Dravya Kashrya Roga 2 S. Su. 16/21 Taila – Abhyanga Karnapali 3 S. Su. 39/7 Bhadradaruyadi Dravya Vata Sanshamana Varga 4 S. Su. 42/18 Kshiradi Dravya Madhura Varga 5 S. Ci. 5/7 Bala Taila and Yavadi Lepa Vata Pradhana Vatarakta 6 S. Ci. 5/12 Bala Taila – Parisheka, Pralepa Vatarakta 7 S. Ci. 15/44 Atibala Kalpa Mundhagarbha 8. S. Ci. 20/35 Bala, Atibala etc. Lepa Vyanga, Nyachchha, Nilika 9 S. Ci. 27/9 Atibalamula Rasayana Yoga Shosharoga, Raktaptta 10 S. Ci. 37/23 Atibala Taila / Ghrita – Nasya Urdhvajatrugata Roga 11 S. K. 8/51 Dhavadi Agada Vishvambhara Visha 12 S. Sh. 10/5 Badaradi - Aashthapana Basti Prasuta – 8 th manth Chikitsa 13 S. Ut. 17/34 Kalka / Kwath – Nasya Vataja Timira Roga 14 S. Ut. 24/31 Baladi Taila – Nasya Pratishyaya 15 S. Ut. 58/58 Bala Ghrita Mutradoshahara

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P a g e | 175 Review article ISSN NO. 2581-785 X IRJAY IS OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF BALA G PUBLICATION Astanga Hridaya: [13] Table 3: Formulation and Indication of Atibala according to Astanga Hridaya Samhita S. No. References Formulation Indication 1 A. Ci. 3/121 Nagabala Sarpi Raktapitta, Kasa etc. 2 A. Ci. 11/18 Atibala – Kwath, Ghritapaka Vatashmari 3 A. Ci. 21/73 Bala Taila – Pana, Nasya etc. Kanti, Lakshami etc. 4 A. Ut. 39/60 Vidarikandadi Churna Medha, Vaya etc. 5 A. Ut. 39/104 Shunthiyadi Rasayana Vyadhijaravimukta 6 A. Ut. 40/13 Vajikarana Yoga Vajikarana Vidhi Kashyapa Samhita: [14] Table 4: Formulation and Indication of Atibala according to Kashyapa Samhita S. No. References Formulation Indication 1 Ka. Ci. 6/14 Taila - Abhayanga, Pana, Basti Dushprajata Chikitsa 2 Ka. Ci. 6/17 Bala Taila – Abhayanga Dhatri Chikitsa 3 Ka. Ci. 11/95 Taila Vataja Jvara 4 Ka. Khi. 13/77 Lepa Garbhini Chikitsa Bhela Samhita: [15] Table 5: Formulation and Indication of Atibala according to Bhela Samhita S. No. References Formulation Indication 1 Bh. Ci. 27/7 Varnaropana Taila Varna Ropana 2 Bh. Si. 4/65 Kshriapaka Hanustambha Harita Samhita: [16] Table 6: Formulation and Indication of Atibala according to Harita Samhita S. No. References Formulation Indication 1 Ha. Tr. 9/49 Chyavanaprashaleha Kshaya 2 Ha. Tr. 9/67 Bala Kvatha Kamala, Kshaya, Prameha 3 Ha. Tr. 10/41 Shatavari Ghrita Adhoraktapitta 4 Ha. Tr. 20/109 Narayana Taila Vata vyadhi 5 Ha. Tr. 22/7 Churna Gridhrasi Vata

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P a g e | 176 Review article ISSN NO. 2581-785 X IRJAY IS OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF BALA G PUBLICATION Sharngadhara Samhita: [17] Table 7: Formulation and Indication of Atibala according to Sharngadhara Samhita S. No. References Formulation Indication 1 Sh. M. K. 6/155 Shatavariyadi Churna Vajikarana Karma 2 Sh. M. K. 9/199 Dhaturadi Taila Tvachagata Vataroga 3 Sh. M. K. 10/22 Kumaryasava Prameha, Varna etc. 4 Sh. M. K. 12/269 Kandarpa Sundara Rasa Vajikarana Karma 5 Sh. U. K. 2/26 Potali svedana Vatanashaka Nighantu Kala : [18][19][20][21][22][23] Table 8: Classification ( Varga ) of Atibala according to different Nighantu S. No. Nighantu Varga 1 Dhanvantari Nighantu Guduchyadi Varga 2 Madanapala Nighantu Abhayadi Varga 3 Kaiyadeva Nighantu Aushadhi Varga 4 Raja Nighantu Shatahwadi Varga 5 Bhavaprakasha Nighantu Guduchyadi Varga 6 Priya Nighantu Shatapushpadi Varga Table 9: Rasa Panchaka of Atibala according to various Nighantus S. No. Rasa Panchaka Nighantus D.N. M.P.N. K.N. R.N. B.N. P. N. 1 Rasa Madhura + + + - + + Tikta - - - + - - Katu - - - + - - 2 Guna Shnigdha + + + - + + 3 Virya Shita + + + - + + 4 Vipaka Madhura + + + - + + 5 Karma Vatapittahara + + - - + + Tridoshahara - - + - - - Vatanashaka - - - + - - DISCUSSION The extensive survey of literature has shown that Abutilon indicum (Linn.) Sweet ( Atibala ) is an important herb in Ayurveda. Atibala in Samhitas show its various qualities like Balya , Kantivardhaka , Grahi , Ojovardhaka , Brinhana , Krimighna , Rasayana , Vajikara properties and in all Nighantus its Madhura Rasa, Snigdha Guna, Shita Virya and Madhura Vipaka have been mentioned except Raja Nighantu which have not described its Guna and Virya . In the context of its

[Find the meaning and references behind the names: Sharma, Nil, Nirmala]

P a g e | 177 Review article ISSN NO. 2581-785 X IRJAY IS OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF BALA G PUBLICATION Karma on Doshas it is described as Tridoshahara in Kaiyadeva Nighantu , Vatapittahara in Dhanvantari Nighantu, Madanapala Nighantu, Bhavaprakasha Nighantu , Priya Nighantu and Vatanashaka in Raja Nighantu . The review shows that Atibala can be used in many disorders like Sheeta Jwara, Atisara, Vata Vyadhi, Hridaya Roga, Vatarakta, Pandu, Kasa, Vyanga, Nyachchha, Nilika, Raktapitta, Vatashmari, Prameha and Varna etc. In Samhitas it is used in different forms of drug viz. Basti, Lepa, Ghrita, Pralepa, Kwath, Taila, Churna etc. Atibala are mention by Vedas , Samhitas and Nighantus under groups of Baladvaya , Balatraya , Balachatushtaya and Balapanchaya . CONCLUSION The plant Atibala is well-known important Ayurveda herb. Vedas , Samhitas and Nighantus are the simple literature for the proper thoughtful and documentation of various Ayurveda medicinal plants. On review of Atibala in different Vedas , Samhitas and Nighantus , we find its different form of drug, properties, formulations and therapeutic uses. Acknowledgement: I acknowledge my gratitude to my mother institute National Institute of Ayurveda, Deemed To be University (De Novo), Jaipur for granting me permission and facilities provided me to carry out this study. Financial Assistant-Nil Conflict of Interest:- Nil REFERENCES 1 Umakant N. Rabb, Materia medica of Bala Dwaya - A Literary Review, JAIMS, 2018: 3(4); p 175-180. 2 Sharma P.C. Database on Medicinal Plants used in Ayurveda, Vol. - 1, Central Council for Research in Ayurveda and Siddha, 2000; p 50. 3 Shastri K, Charaka Samhita with Vidyotini Hindi Commentary, Part 1 and 2 , Varanasi, Chaukhambha Bharti Academy, Reprint 2013 4 Ram S, Kotecha M et al. Phyto - Pharmacognostic Analysis of Ayurvedic Medicine Bala ( Sida Cordifolia Linn.) IRJAY, 2020: 3(6); p 43-57. 5 Tripathi B, Vagabhatt, Ashtanga Hridaya with Nirmala Hindi Commentary Delhi, Chaukhamba Sanskrit Pratishthan, reprint 2017. 6 Chunekar KC, Bhavprakash Nighantu (indian meteria medika), Varanasi, Chaukhamba Bharati Academy, reprint 2015. 7 Sharma P.V., Kaiyadeva Nighantu, Varanasi, Chaukhambha Orientalia, reprinrt 2019. 8 Sharma P. V., Priya Nighantu, Varanasi, Chaukhamba Surbharti Prakashana, 2015. 9 Chunekar KC, Bhavprakash Nighantu (indian meteria medika), Varanasi, Chaukhamba Bharati Academy, reprint 2015. 10 https://plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=AB IN 3 11 Sharma P.C , Database on Medicinal Plants used in Ayurveda, Vol. - 1, Central Council for Research in Ayurveda and Siddha, 2000; p 50. 12 Sharma P.V. Dravya Guna Vigyana, Part – 4 th, (Vedic plants and history of Dravyaguna), Varanasi, Chaukhamba Bharati Academy, reprint 2017, p 6, 183, 13 Shastri K, Charaka Samhita with Vidyotini Hindi Commentary Part 1 and 2 , Varanasi, Chaukhambha Bharti Academy, Reprint 2013. 14 Shastri A.D Sushruta, Sushruta Samhita with Ayurveda Tattva Sandipika Hindi Commentary Part 1 and 2, Varanasi, Chaukhambha Sanskrit Sansthan, Reprint 2015. 15 Tripathi B, Ashtanga Hridaya with Nirmala Hindi Commentary Delhi, Chaukhamba Sanskrit

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P a g e | 178 Review article ISSN NO. 2581-785 X IRJAY IS OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF BALA G PUBLICATION Pratishthan, Reprinted 2017. 16 Tiwari P, Kashyapa Samhita with English translation and Commentary, Varanasi, Chaukhamba Vishvabharti, Edit. Reprint 2008. 17 Krishnamurthy K H Bhela Samhita with English translation and Commentary, Varanasi, Chaukhambha Vishvabharti, 1 st edition, 2000. 18 Tripathi H, Harita Samhita Hindi Vyakhya, Varanasi, Chaukhamba Krishnadas Acadamy, 2005. 19 Srivastava S, Sharngadhara Samhita with Jiwanprada Hindi Commentary, Varanasi, Chaukhambha Orientalia, Reprint edition 2016. 20 Ojha J, Dhanvantari Nighantu, Varanasi, Chaukhamba Surbharti Prakashana, 2018; p 89. 21 Tripathi H, Madanapala Nighantu, Varanasi, Chaukhamba Krishandash academy, 2018; p 38. 22 Sharma P.V. Kaiyadeva Nighantu, Varanasi, Chaukhambha Orientalia, reprinrt 2019; p 195. 23 Tripathi I, Raja Nighantu, Varanasi, Chaukhamba Krishandash academy, 2016; p 81. 24 Chunekar KC, Bhavprakash Nighantu (indian meteria medika), Varanasi, Chaukhamba Bharati Academy, reprint 2015; p 351, 355. 25 Sharma P. V. Priya Nighantu, Varanasi, Chaukhamba Surbharti Prakashana, 2015; p 94.