Temple worship and Rituals as per Shaiva Agamas
by Gayathri Balasubramanian | 2009 | 130,529 words
This essay studies Temple worship and Rituals as per Shaiva Agamas.—ancient scriptures governing the worship of Lord Shiva. Through a detailed study of these Saiva Agamas, the study examines the origins, purpose, methods, techniques and import of temple rituals, highlighting their significant roles in spiritual and social contexts. The thesis furth...
Bibliography
Original texts 1. Bhatt, N.R. (Ed.), Ajitagama, French Institute of Pondicherry, Pondicherry, Vol. I: 1964; Vol. II: 1967; Vol. III: 1991 2. Bhatt, N.R. (Ed.), Rauravagama - three volumes, French Institute of Pondicherry, Pondicherry, 1988 3. Karanagama, Unpublished Manuscripts 4. Kiranagama, Unpublished Manuscripts 5. Sivashree Swaminatha Sivacharya, Purva Kamikagama & Uttara Kamikagama, in Sanskrit Translation 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Bhatt, N.R. & others (Ed.), The great tantra of Ajit, vol. 1, 2, 4, 5, Indira Gandhi National Centre for the arts, New Delhi and MLBD Pvt. Ltd., Delhi, 2005 Coulson, M. (tr.) and ed. R.P.Shastri, Bhavabhutti, Malati-Madhava, Global Vision Publisher House, New Delhi, 2004. Dutt, M.N. (tr. and ed.) and revised by Joshi K.L.Shastri, Agnimahapuranam, Parimal Griffith. T.H. (tr.) and ed. by Ravi Prakash Arya, Yajur veda, Parimal Publication, Delhi, 2002 Natarajan, B.N. (tr.), Tirumantiram: a tamil scriptural classic by Tirumular, Sri Ramakrishna Math, Madras, 2002 Kane Pandurang Vaman, History of Dharmasastras, Vol.IV and Vol. V, Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute, Poona, 1974 Ramakrishna Bhat, M., Varahamihira's Brhatsamhita,Part-I, MLBD, Delhi, 1997 Publication, Delhi, 2001. 8. Sastri, Subramaniya K.M., Shri Panchakshara Yogi's Saiva Bhushan, Shri Gopal Vilas Publications, Kumbakonam, 1925 9. Sivashree Allur Viswanatha Sivacharya, Uttara Kamika Agama, Hindu Samaya Arinilaiy, in Sanskrit and Tamil, Chennai, 1999
10. Wilson, H.H. (tr.), Enlarged and arranged by Nag Sharan Singh, Rg-Veda, Nag Publishers, Delhi, 1990 Secondary source 1. nh 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 113 13. 14. Arunachalam, M., The Saivagamas, Gandhi Vidyalayam, Mayuram, 1983 Arunachalam, M., Worship in the Agamas B.Bhattacharya, Saivism and the Phallic World, Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, 1993. Bala N.Aiyer, Principles of practice of Hindu religion: Santana Dharma, A comprehensive study of the ancient Tradition and the perennial philosophy, Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, Mumbai, 1999 Balasubramanyan, S.R., Early Chola Temples -A.D.907-985, Orient Longman, New Delhi, 1971 Balasubramanyan, S.R., Later Chola Temples - A.D.1070-1280, Mudgala Trust, Faridabad, 1979 Balasubramanyan, S.R., Middle Chola Temples- A.D.985-1070, Thomson Press, Faridabad, 1975 Bhaktha Sikamani S.Viraswami Bhattar, Temples & its Significance, Sri Vani Vilas Press, Srirangam, Tiruchi, 1974 Bhandarkar, R. G., Vaisnavism, Saivism and minor religious systems, Indological Book House, Varanasi, 1965 Bunce, Fredrick W., Mudras: in Buddhist and Hindu Practices - an iconographic consideration, D.K.Printworld (P) Ltd., New Delhi, 2005 Chakravarti, Mahadev, The Concept of Rudra-Siva through the ages, Motilal Banarsidass Publishers Pvt. Ltd., Delhi, 1994 Chatterjee, J.C., Kashmir Shaivaism, Indological Book Corporation, Patna, 1978 Coomaraswamy, A.K., History of Indian and Indonesian art, Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, 1972 Curtis, J.W.T., Motivations of Temple Architecture in Saiva Siddhanta, Premier Press, Madras
15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. Dagens,Bruno, Mayamatam: Treatise of housing, architecture and iconography, Indira Gandhi National centre for the arts and Motilal Banarsidass Publishers Pvt. Ltd., Delhi, 2000. Dange, Sadashiv A. Myths from the Mahabharata, V.3, Aryan Books International, New Delhi, 2002 Das, R.K., Temples of Tamil Nad, Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, Bombay, 1964 Dasgupta, S.N., A History of Indian Philosophy, V.5, Southern Schools of Saivism, Motilal Banarsidass Publishers Pvt. Ltd., Delhi, 2007 Dayalan, D., Early Temples of Tamil Nadu, Harman Publishing House, New Delhi, 1992 Deva, Krishna, Temple of India, Vol.1, Aryan Books International, New Delhi, 2002 Devasenapathi V.A., Saiva Siddhanta: As expounded in the Sivajnana siddhiyar and its six commentaries, University of Madras, 1966 Dr. (Mrs.) Kalpakam Sankarnarayan & others, Traditional cultural link between India and Japan, Somaiya Publications Pvt. Ltd., Mumbai, 1998 Dr. Buddhaprakash, Rg Veda and the Indus Valley Civilization Vishveshvaranand Institute, Hoshiarpur, 1996 Dr. K.K.A.Venkatachari, Agama and Silpa, Ananthacharya Indological Research Institute, Mumbai, 1984 Dr. K.K.C. Lakshminarasimham, A study of Vaikhanasa Iconography, Ananthacharya Indological Research Institute, Mumbai, 2007. Dr.V.Varadachari, Agama and South Indian Vaisnavism, Prof. Rangacharya Memorial Trust, Madras, 1982 Dutt, Manmatha Natha, Mahabharata- tr., Santiparva, Parimal Publications, Delhi, 1994 Feller, Danielle, the Sanskrit epics representation of Vedic myths, Motilal Banarsidass Publishers Pvt. Ltd., Delhi, 2004 Gonda J., Change and Continuity in Indian Religion, Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, 1985
30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 334 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. Gonda, J., Visnuism and Sivaism: A Comparison, Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, 1976 Harle, James C., Temple gateways in South India: the architecture and Iconography of the Chidambaram gopuras, Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, 1995 Hopkins, Washburn E., Epic mythology, Motilal Banarsidass Publishers Pvt. Ltd., Delhi, 1986 Isanasivagurudevapaddhati, pt.iii Janaki S.S., (ed.), Siva temple and temple rituals, The Kuppuswami Sastri Research Institute, Madras, 1988 Keith, Arthur Berriedale, Religion and philosophy of the Vedas and Upanisads, Part-I & Part-II, Motilal Banarsidass Publishers Private Limited, Delhi, 1970 Kramsrich, Stella, The Hindu temple, vol. 1, Motilal Banarsidass Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, 1991 Law, Mary (tr.) & Palmer, Humphrey (ed.), Saiva Siddhanta: an Indian school of mystical thought, Motilal Banarsidass Publishers Private Limited, Delhi, 2000 Lorenzen, David N., The Kapalikas and Kalamukhas: Two lost Saivite sects, Thomson Press, New Delhi, 1972 Macdonell, Arthur Anthony, Vedic Mythology, Indological Book House, Varanasi, 1971 Majumdar,A.K., Concise History of Ancient India, Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, 1983 Majumdar,R.C., The History and Culture of the vedic age, Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, Mumbai, 1996 Marilla Albanese, Ancient India- from the origins to the XII century A.D, Om Books Service, New Delhi, 2001 43. Mathur, Ramprakash, Architecture of India: ancient to modern, New Delhi, 44. Murari Lal and sons, 2006 Maurice Winterniz, History of Indian Literature, V.1, Motilal Banarsidass Publishers Pvt. Ltd., Delhi, 1985
45. Meister, Michael E., (ed.), and coordinated by M.A.Dhaky, Encyclopaedia of Indian temple architecture: South Indian lower Dravidadesa (200 B.C. to 1324 A.D.), American Institute of Indian Studies, University of Pennysylvania press, 1983 46. Michael Lockwood and A.Vishnu Bhat, Metatheater & sanskrit drama, Tambaram Research Associates, Madras, 1994 47. Mukherjee, Radhakumud, Ancient Indian Education, Motilal Banarsidass 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. Publishers Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, 2003 Musashi Tachikawa & others., Indian Fire Rituals, Motilal Banarsidass Publishers Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, 2001 Nagaswamy R., Shiv-Bhakti: life and works of the 7 th century Saivite Saint Appar, Navrang, New Delhi, 1989 Nandimath, S.C., A handbook of Virasaivism, Motilal Banarsidass Publishers Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, 1979 Narasimhan, Sita, Saivism: under the imperial Colas: as revealed through their monuments, Sharada Publishing, New Delhi, 2006 Percy Brown, Indian Architecture, D. B. Taraporevala sons & Co. Private Ltd., Bombay, 1995 Pramar, V.S., A Social history of Indian architecture, New Delhi, Oxford University Press, 2005 Prof. S.K.Ramachandra Rao, Art and Architecture of Indian Temples, Vol.1, Kalpatharu Research Academy, Bangalore, 1993 Prof. S.K.Ramachandra, Agama Kosha (Agama Encyclopaedia), Kalpatharu Research Academy, Bangalore, 1992 Prof. T.A.Gopinath Rao, Elements of Hindu Iconography, vol. II (pt. I and II) Indological Book House, Varanasi, 1971. Pt. Kshetresh Chandra Chattopadhyaya, Studies in Vedi and Indo-Iranian religion and literature, Vol. I and II, Bharatiya Vidya Prakashan, Varanasi, 1976, 1978. Rabindrakumar and Siddhantashastree, Saivism through the ages, Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, 1975
59. Raman, K.V., Temple art, Icons and Culture of India and South-East Asia, Delhi, 60. Sharada Publishing House, 2006 Reddy, Mooka, C., The Tirumalavadi Temple, B.R.Publishing Corporation, Delhi, 1986 61. Richard Burghart and Audrey Canthi, (ed.), Indian Religion, Curzon Press, 1985. 62. 63. 64. Satguru Sivaya Subramuniya Swami, Dancing with Siva: Hinduism's Contemporary Catechism, Himalayan Academy, 2003 Sekkizhar, Periya Puranam: A Tamil Classic on the great Saiva Saints of South India, Sri Ramakrishna Math, Mylapore, 1995 Shastri, Ajay Mitra, India as seen in the Brhatsamhita of Varahamihira, MLBD, Delhi, 1969 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71. 72. Shri Nilakantha Shastri, New light on Indus Valley Civilization, Atmaram and sons., Delhi, 1957 Sir John Marshall, Mohenjodaro and Indus Civilization, Indological Book House, Varanasi, 1983 Sivaraman K., Saivism in Philosophical Perspective: A study of the Formative Concepts, Problems and Methods of Saiva Siddhanta, MLBD Pvt. Ltd., Delhi, 1997 Soundara rajan, K.V., Indian temple styles- the personality of Hindu architecture, Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, 1972 Srinivasan, K.R., Temples of South India, New Delhi, National Book Trust, 1991 Sundararajan, K.R. and Bithika Mukherji, (ed.), Hindu Spirituality: post classical and modern, SCM press Ltd., 1997 Swami Lakshman Jee, Kashmir Saivism: secret supreme, Sri Satguru Publications, 1991 Swami Tapasyananda, Adhyatma Ramayan: the spiritual version of the Rama Saga, Sri Ramakrishna Math, Chennai, 2001 73. Tagare, G.V., Saivism- some glimpses, D.K.Printworld (P) Ltd., New Delhi, 2001 74. Teun, Gaudriaan, Ritual and Speculation in early tantrism: studies in honour of Andre Padoux, Sri Satguru Publications, Delhi, 1984 ESITY OF MUMBAI
75. 76. 77. 78. Thapar, Romila, The penguin history of Early India form the origins to AD 1300, Penguin Books, New Delhi, 2002 Vasudevan, Geeta, The royal temple of Rajaraja: an instrument of imperial Cola power, Abhinav Publications, 2003 Venkataraman, B., Rajarajesvaram: The pinnacle of chola art, Mudgala Trust, Madras, 1985 Zimmer, Heinrich, The art of Indian Asia, Princeton University Press, New Jersey, 1983 *****
