Part 11 - Ksipranamani (Kshipra Nama)

The following twentysix words are listed as the synonyms of 'quick.'1 The word ksipram is so called because the interval is short (i.e. samksipto vikarsah, Niru.3.9). 1. Nu: The word occurs in three hundred and forty three places: In more than two hundred places it is used in the sense assigned. In rest of the places it is used as nipata, nisedhartha or pada purana. Likewise it is explained in many ways: 2 2: Maksu: The word occurs with its form maksubhih in twentynine places: In all the places it is used in the sense assigned. Nowhere sayana explicitly says that it belongs to ksipranama. 3. Dravat: The word with its form dravatah occurs in six places. Sayana explains it as the synonym of 'quick' (I.44.7). In all the places it is used in the sense assigned, 1. 2. 1. nu . 2. maksa 3. dravata 4. osam 5. ja़ीrah 6. jurnih 7. surtah 8. sudhanasah 9. simem 10 trsu 11. turyam 12. turnih 13. ajiram 14. bhuranyuh 15. su 16. asu 17 prasu 18 tutujih 19. turtujanah 20. tujyamanasah 21. ajah 22. sacivita 23. dugata 24 tat 25. turanih 26. vataramhah | • • a. 1.8.5. na kim ca | na sabdo yadyapi ksipranamasu "na maksa " 8 nigha . 2:15. 1.8 iti pathitastathapyatra tasyanvayabhavat nipatatvena anekarthatvasambhavat samucyayartho tra grhitah | na sabdo loke pratibodhartha eva | svadhyayetu pratibodharthi upamarthasceti dvividhah | ... niru . 1. 4. nu ityesa anaikakarma .. 1 AT. 1

but in IV. 40.3 it is explained as gacchatah. 4. Osam: The word occurs in one place (X.119.10). It is explained as svatelasa tapakamadityam. 5. Jirah: The word with its forms Irau, ira, irah, occurs in seven places. They are used in the sense assigned, except in 1.48.3 where jira is interpreted as preravitri. The other forms rayah and Iram occur in two places each but are not used in the sense of ksiora. They are explained as demons, destruction etc. (II.17.3; III.51.5, 1.44.11). 340 6. Jurnih: The word occurs with its forms in five places. In four places it is used in the sense assigned. The word has been already explained in krodhanamani (2.13.9). 7. Surtah: The word occurs in only one place and it is explained as kipta havispradanena (I.174.6). It is not used in the sense assigned. 8. Sudhanasah: The word occurs only in IV.58.7. It is explained as asu gantryah. Sayana quotes Nirukta (6.1) (asu iti ca su iti ca ksipra-namani bhavatah) and explains it in the sense assigned. :

" 5 9. Sibham: The word occurs in three places (1.37.14; III.33.12; X.44.2). In all the three places it is used in the sense assigned. 341 10. Trau: The word occurs in nine places with its forms, trsuna and trsum. Except in one place (IV.7.11 trsuh • atmanam) the word is used in the sense assigned. 11. Tuyam: The word occurs in twentyone places. In all the places it is used in the sense assigned. The word is + + also listed in Udakanamani (1.12.93). * $ 12. Turnih: The word occurs with its forms in six places. In all the places it is used in the sense assigned. 13. Aliran: The word with its forms occurs in seventeen places. Out of these in ten places it is explained as 'quick' This word the other form ajirah is listed in nadinamani. is already explained there (1.13.35). ✔ ' 14. Bhuranyuh: The word with its forms occurs in five places. Only its forms bhuranyu iti (I.121.15) is used in the sense assigned. In other places it is used in the sense of dharta (1.68.1) or bharta (X.46.7). f

1 15. Su: The word does not occur in any of the Vedas, 342 16. Asu: The word with its forms and compounds occurs in one hundred and one places. Out of these, in sixtyseven places the word is used in the sense assigned. asuh is listed in asva-namani there (1.13.15). The word The word has been explained 3 17. Prasuh: The forms prasuh and prasunam occur in RV 1.40.1 and VIII.32.16 respectively. They are not used in the sense assigned. It is 18. Tutujih: The word occurs in five places. explained in the sense assigned (i.e. X.35.6 tutujim ksipragaminam). In rest of the places it is explained as the name of an asura (VI.20.8); and in VII.28.3 as data yajamanah, 19. Tutujanah: The word with its forms occurs in ten places. In seven places it is used in the sense assigned. 3. . . 1.40.1. praguh | somasya prasakah | yadva vrtrasya himsakah bhava | ." ha himsayam " | prakarsena asamantat srrnati hinastiti prasah | r . 8. 32.16. prasanam | ye somam prasnuvanti te prasavah tisam |

343 The form tutujana, a feminine form, is used as preryemana in both the places (RV VII. 84.5; 85.5). The form tutujanah is interpreted as (VII.67.6) abhimatam dhanan prayacchantah. } 20. Tujyamanasah: The word occurs in one place (1.11.5) as an adjective. It is interpreted as balena himsyamanah (devah). The word is not used in the assigned sense. 21. Ajrahi The word occurs with its form in ten places. out of these in four places it is used in the sense assigned. In VI.62.2, Sayana interpretes the word (e.g.VIII.15.2). as asvan. In two places he explains the word as 'thunder bolt' and 'men' respectively. 4 22. Sacivit: The word does not occur in any of the Vedas. 23. Dyugat: The word occurs only in RV. VIII.97.4. Sayana explains it as dyulokamprati gacchdbhih. The word is not used in the sense assigned. r. 10.69.6. ajya 4. 10.59.3, na ajnan naja़ाn | girirvajrah | te yatha ajnan ajanasilan maighan abhibhavanti tadvat | ajanti gacchanti ityaज़yo janah | F

12 r 344 24. Tajat: The word does not occur in any of the Vedas. 25. Taranih: The word occurs with its forms in twenty places. Out of these in six places it is used in the sense assigned (RV I.112.4; VII, 32.9; 20; X.88.16; IV.45.7; VII.67.8). In other places the word is used either as taraka or tarayita (e.g.I.121.6; III.29.13). 26. Vataramha: The word with its form vataramhasah occurs in four places in the sense of vatasadrsavega (1.118.1; V.77.3; 1.181.2; VIII.34.17) (having wind-like speed), The above discussion is given below in a tabular form: Word No. of times used in the RV. No.of times used in the sense assigned 1. Nu 343 am 2. Maksu 29 3. Dravat 6 4. Osam 1 5. Jirah .7 6. Jurnih 5' 7. Surtah ☑ 8. Sudhanasah 1 9. Sibham 10. Trsu 3 9 : 1 200 29 5 + 6 4 1 3 00 8

No. Word 345 No.of times used in the RV. No.of times used in the sense assigned 21 11. Tuyam 21 12. Turnih '6 6 13. Ajiram 17 10 14. Bhuranyuh 5 1 15. Su 16. Asu 101 67 17. Prasuh 2 18. Tutujih 5 1 19. Tutujanah 10 7 20. Tujyamanasah 1 21. Ajrah 10 22. Sac Ivit 23. Dyugat 1 1 24. Tajat 25. Taranih 20 26. Vataramhah 4 6 4 To conclude, three words are not used in the Vedas. And the other four words which occur in one or two places, are not used in the sense assigned.