Accompaniments of distraction (viksepa-sahabhu)

There are some accompaniments take places along with the distractions of mind [viksepa-sahabhu]. It is said that, these distractions 179

exist in one whose mind is distracted and not in one whose mind is concentrated. Thus, these distractions are the foes of concentration. To one extent, mind is concentrated to that extent these distractions with their accompaniments do not occur. They are pain (duhkha), frustration (daurmanasya), unsteadiness of body inhaling and exhaling (angamejayatva), irregular (svasaprasvasayor-gativiccheda). Pain (duhkha) is that which living beings strive to overcome. It is of three kinds- viz., arising from self (adhyatmika), arising from living creatures (adhibhautika) and arising from the gods (adhidaivika). That which is related to self (atman) is adhyatma and that which arises from adhyatma is called adhyatmika. It is again divided into two types- bodily (sarira) and mental (manasa). The bodily pain occurs due to the imbalance in the humours etc. (dhatuvaisamyadi-nimittam). The mental pain is caused by nonfulfilment of desires etc. (istavikhatadi-hetukam)." 132 That which is related to creatures and what is caused by them is adhibhautika. This kind of pain is caused by cow, deer, etc. 133 (pasumrgadyupanipatitam). In Tattvavaisaradi of Vacaspati Misra and Yoga Vartika of Vijnanabhiksu, it is described as that which comes from tiger, etc. (vyaghradijanitam and vyaghradyuttham). 134 180

The pain which is related to the gods and that comes about from them is adhidaivika and it is caused by wind, rain, etc. 135 It is also said that, being one of the nature of rajas, pain is only one but it is separated differently under different causes. In Tattvavaisaradi of Vacaspati Misra, adhidaivika is described as that which comes about from the disturbances of grahas (grahapidadijanitam). At the same time, in Yoga Vartika of Vijnanabhiksu, it is described to be originated from cold and heat (sitosnadyuttham). 136 Frustration (daurmanasya) is the disturbance, anxiety or annoyance of mind due to the non-fulfilment of 137 desire. Unsteadiness of the body (angamejayatva) means that 138 which makes body unsteady or which makes it tremble. Here Vivaranakara does not add even a single word to the commentary, but only repeats it. Irregular inhaling (svasa) is the deep breathing which includes sipping in of outside air and breathing out it slowly. Irregular exhaling (prasvasa) is the process opposite to that of svasa. When inhaling and exhaling become irregular, it is called irregular inhaling and irregular exhaling. 139 181