Bhasa (critical and historical study)
by A. D. Pusalker | 1940 | 190,426 words
This book studies Bhasa, the author of thirteen plays ascribed found in the Trivandrum Sanskrit Series. These works largely adhere to the rules of traditional Indian theatrics known as Natya-Shastra. The present study researches Bhasa’s authorship and authenticity, as well as a detailed study on each of the plays ascribed to him. The final chapters...
Appendix 2 - Subhasitas from the Works of Bhasa
APPENDIX II Subhasitas from the Works of Bhasa. akaranam rupamakaranam kulam mahatsu nicesu ca karma sobhate | Pic, II. 33, p. 74. akale svasthavakyam manyumutpadayati | Panc, p. 65. akulino kaha evvam sanukkoso bhave | Avi, p. 7. akkosanto vi eko icchidavvo | Avi, p. 31. acchalo dharmah | Panc, p. 40. acchalo hi sneho nama | Avi, p. 83. acchalam mitratvam nama | Avi, p. 64. ajuttam parapurusasamkittanam sodhum | Svapna, p. 55. ajuttam pararahassam sodhum | Car, p. 92. annasanaparigrahena appo via sineho padibhadi | Svapna, p. 107. anadikamanio hi vihi | Svapna, p. 85. atitya bandhunavalamghya mitranyacaryamagacchati sisyadosah | balam hyapatyam gurave pradatunaivaparadho'sti piturna matuh || Paic, I. 21, p. 15. adandyo naiva dandyate | Abh, p. 13. adattetyagata lajja datteti vyathitam manah | dharmasnehantare nyasta duhkhitah khalu matarah || Patijna, II, 7, p. 53. adidaripurusasatta gania avaania hodi | Car, p. 46. anatikramaniya visnorajna | Bal, p. 25. anucarati sasamkam rahudose'pi tara patati ca vanavrkse yati bhumim lata ca | tyajati na ca karenuh pamkalagnam gajendram vrajatu caratu dharme bhartrnatha hi naryah || Prat, I. antakale manusyah kimapi pasyanti | Avi, p. 63. ayuktamadhrtitvam purusanam | Avi, p. 19. arthitvadaparisrantah prcchatyeva hi karyavan | Panic, II. 6, p. 56. alamalam bandhujane parusamabhidhatum | Do, p. 17. alpam tulyasilani dvandvani srjyante | Prat, p. 18. avasyam bhavitavye'rthe kah praharsah | Avi, p. 29. avasyam yudhi viranam vadho va vijayo'tha va | Abh, p. 38. n 4. 25, pp. 33-34.
16 1 SUBHASITAS avastha khalu nama satrumapi suhrttve kalpayati | Pratijna, p. 28. avijnatapurusavisesah khalu vanarah | Prat, p. 114. ahiamahurassa ambassa ajoggadae anthi na bhakkhiadi | Car, p. 9. aho ardharatrasya pratibhayata | Avi, p. 43. aho alpamulatvam mahatam canarthasya | Avi, p. 97. aho karyamevapeksate buddhiramatyanam na sneham | Avi, p. 13. aho tu khalvatulabalata kusumadhanvanah | Abh, p. 60. aho pracchannaratnata prthivyah | Avi, p. 7. aho pratibhayata nidaghasya | Avi, p. 58. aho balamanangasya | Ai, p. 18. aho balavan hi bhagavan prajapatih | Avi, p. 46. aho bhavitavyasya prabhavah | Avi, p. 46. aho mahadbharo rajyam nama | Avi, p. 13. [ APPENDIX 11 aho vicitrasvabhavata jagatah | Avi, p. 33. aho visamasila samvaccharia nama attano nakkhattavisesam evva cintaanti kammagoravam na jananti | Avi, pp. 90-91. ahah samuttirya nisa pratiksyate, subhe prabhate divaso'nucintyate | anagatarthanyasubhani pasyatam gatam gatam kalamaveksya nirvrtih || Pratijna, III. 2, p. 87. , aade cande samaadani savvanakkhattani | Pratijna, p. 80. aamappahanani sulaha payyavatthanani mahapurusahiaani honti | Srapna, p. 48. apadam hi pita prapto jyesthaputrena taryate | Mv, st. 19, p. 15. asacchedam ukkanthanta ka sahedi | Car, p. 45. itum aantu assa bhoanadanam | Avi, p. 87. iyam hi nidra nayanavalambini, lalatadesadupasarpativa mam | adrsyamana capala jareva ya, manusyaviryam paribhuya vardhate || Car, III. 4, p. 68. ukkanthitam bhattaram ujjhia ajuttam niggamanam | Svapna, p. 87. uktajnah khalu nrsamsah | Bal, p, 14. uddhutapuspam sahaaram mahuarao uvasanti | Car, p. 47. upopavisya pravestavyani nagaraniti satsamudacarah | Prat, p. 59. assi dulho gunavibhavo | Car, p. 54. ekapurusapakkhavadida savvagunanam hanti | Car, p. 61. ekodakatvam khalu nama loke, manasvinam kampayate manamsi | Panc, II. 9, p. 58. ekah paragrham gacched dvitiyena tu mantrayeta | bahubhih samaram kuryadityayam sastranirnayah || Avi, II. 10, p. 31. evam khu manne vasapadapavinasena pakkhino ahindanti tti | Ca', p . 56. kannaadamsanam niddosam | Pratijna, p. 93. kanyapiturhi satatam bahu cintaniyam | Avi, I. 2, p. kanyapitrtvam bahu vandaniyam | Avi, I. 9, p. 10. kartavyo bhratrsu sneho vismartavya gunetarah | 3. sambandho bandhubhih sreyan lokayorubhayorapi || Dv. st. 29, p. 19.
APPENDIX II ] SUBHASITAS kalpavisesena nivapanamicchanti pitarah | Prat, p. 96. kastamamatyatvam nama | Avi, p. 4. kasta khalvatmasanka nama | Car, p. 100. kastam vanam strijanasaukumarya, samam latabhih kathinikaroti | Prat, V. 3, p. 95. kasta vadausadhamupalabhya mandibhavatyaturah | Avi, p. 26. ka nama mada puttaassa avaraham na marisedi | Prat, p. 121. katara ye'pyasakta va notsahastesu jayate | prayena hi narendrasrih sotsahaireva bhujyate || Svapna, VI. 7, p. 130. kamo hi bhavam anavagido usuvo tarunajanassa | Car, p. 44. [ 17 kalakramena jagatah parivartamana cakarapankiriva gacchati bhagyapatih | Svapna, I. 4, p.11. kasthadagnirjayate madhyamanad bhumistoyam khanyamana dadati | sotsahanam nastyasadhyam naranam margarabdhah sarvayatnah phalanti || Pratijna, I. 18,p.44. kim tad dravyam kim phalam ko visesah, ksatracaryo yatra vipro daridrah | Panc, I. 30, p. 24. kim brahmannanamapi parena nivedanam kriyate | Prat, p. 78. kim va na karayati manmathah | Car, p. 72. kim sakkam kattum antarena vihanam | Pratijna, p. 39. kim saranaado pucchiadi | Car, p. 49. kutah krodho vinitanam lajja va krtacetasam | Prat, VI. 9, p. 114. krtaparadhasya hi satkrtirvadhah | Pratijna, IV. 23, p. 125. ke raksanti raksitatmanam | Avi, p. 45. ko nama loke svayamatmadosamudghatayennastaghrnah sabhasu | Dv, st. 18, p. 14. ko va putram marsayecchavahaste | Panc, II. 46, p. 82. ko vissamo nama vibhatthamanorahanam | Avi, p. 70. ko sakadi ucchina karanto bhujidum | Avi, p. 78. ko hi nama appana kidam paccuaarena vinasedi | Car, p. 57. kohi nama jividena sariram vikkinissadi | Car, p. 93. ko hi samarthah sannihitasardulam guham dharsayitum | Dgh, p. 55. kah kam sakto raksitum mrtyukale rajjucchede ke ghatam dharayanti | evam lokastulyadharmo vananam kale kale chidyate ruhyate ca || Svapna, VI. 10, p. 132. kah saktah surya hastenacchadayitum | Avi, p. 8. gunabahulyam tadatvamayatim caveksya tvaratam dirghasutratam ca parityajya desakalavirodhena sadhayitavyam karyam | Avi, pp. 10-11. gunavanto rakkhidavvo hodi | Car, p. 49. gunanam va visalanam satkaranam ca nityasah | kartarah sulabha loke vijnatarastu durlabhah || Swapna, IV. 10, p. 91. gopahina yatha gavo vilayam yantyapalitah | evam nrpatihina hi vilayam yanti vai prajah || Prat, III. 23, p. 73. campaarame picumanda ja anti | Car, p. 88. ciramatrottariyanam kim drsyam vanavasinam | Prat, I. 31, p. 37.
18 ] SUBHASITAS [ APPENDIX II channa bhavanti bhuvi satpurusah kathancit svaih karanairgurujanaisca niyamyamanah | bhuyah paravyasanametya vimoktukama vismrtya purvaniyamam vivrta bhavanti || Avi, I. 6. janayati khalu rosam prasrayo bhidyamanah | Car, I. 14, p. 20. jagrato'pi hi balavattarah krtantah | Pratijna, p. 18. jamatrsampattimacintayitva pitra tu datta svamanobhilasat | kuladvayam hanti madena nari kuladvayam ksubdhajala nadiva || Avi, I. pp. 3-4 . jyestho bhrata pitrsamah | Mv, St. 18, p. 15. jyesthah sresthah kule loke pitrnam ca susampriyah | Mo. St. 17, p. 14. na kim sakam rakkhidum pattakale | Svapna, p. 127. na jananti avastha visesa issaraputta nama | Av, p. 14. try puspam vi vasiadi | Avi, p. 55. na hi ghitavaanena pittam nassadi | Avi, p. 87. tavovanani nama adihijanassa saageham | Swapna, p. 16. tasminsarvamadhina hi yatradhino naradhipah | Svapna, I. 15, p. 33. taditasya hi yodhasya slaghaniyena karmana | akalantarita puja nasayatyeva vedanam || Panc, II. 28, p. 71. tiryagyonayo'pyupakrtamavagacchanti | Prat, p. 114. tulye spi kalavisese nisaiva bahudosa bandhanesu | Pratijna, p. 87, tejasvi brahmanyam | Panc, p. 33. dakkho vesavasajano | Car, p. 88. darikasu strinamadhikatarah sneho bhavati | Bal, p. 29. daridrayam khalu nama manasvinah purusasya socchvasam maranam | Car, p. 11. daridrayatpurusasya bandhavajano vakye na santisthate sattvam hasyamupaiti silasasinah kantih parimlayate | nirvaira vimukhibhavanti suhrdah spharibhavantyapadah papam karma ca yatparairapi krtam tattasya sambhavyate || Car, I. 6, p. 15. durarakkhadae asannadosani visaantarani | Pratijna, p. 19. duhituh pradanakale duhkhasila hi matarah | Pratijna, p, 50. duhkham tyaktum baddhamulo'nuragah smrtva smrtva yati duhkham navatvam | p. 8. yatra tvesa yad vimucyeha baspam praptanrnya yati buddhih prasadam || Sapna, IV. 7, dutavadhah khalu vacaniyah | Abh, p. 43. desakalavasthapeksa khalu saurya nayanugaminam | Dv, p. 18. tana kanyapradane'dhikrtam | Pratijna, p. 45. dyutadhikaramavamanamamrsyamanah sattvadhikesu vacaniyaparakramah syuh || Do, St. 11, p. 11. dhanna khu cakkavaavahu, ja annosnavirahida na jivai | Swapna, pp. 51-52. dharmo hi yataih purusena sadhyo bhujamgajihvacapala nrpasriyah | p. 85. tasmat prajapalanamatrabuddhaya hatesu dehesu guna dharante || Karna, St. 17, p. 79.
APPENDIX II ] SUBHASITAS dharma samacara guru ( ? kuru ) svajanavyapeksam yatkanksitam manasi sarvamihanutistha | Dgh, St. 52. p. 70. dharmah prageva cintyah sacivamatigatih preksitavya svabuddhaya pracchadyau ragarosau mrduparusagunau kalayogena karyom | jneyam lokanuvrttam paracaranayanairmandalam preksitavyam raksyo yatnadihatma ranasirasi punah so'pi naveksitavyah || Avi, I. 12, p. 13. dhigayuktamanusocitum | Karma, p. 82. dhigastu khalu daridryamanirvedam ca yauvanam | yadidam darunam karma nindami ca karomi ca || Car, III. 14. p. 78. na ca dahati na kascit sannikrsto ranagnih | Panc, II. 15. p. 61. na tatha ratnamasadya sujanah paritusyati | yatha ca tadgatakale patre dattva prahrsyati || Avi, IV. 14, p. 65. na tu kulavikalanam vartate vrttasuddhih | Avi, II. 5, p. 21. ... na tu dinam viro nihanti samaresu | Uru, St. 22, p. 94. na tveva hi kadacijjyesthasya yaviyaso darabhimarsanam | Abh, p. 13. na nyayyam paradosamabhidhatum | Prat, p. 78. na puspamoksanamarhati lata | Car, p. 21. na paurusam vai paradusaniyam na cedvisamvadamupaiti daivam | Av, II. 8, p. 27. na bhrtyadusaniya rajanah | svamino hi svamyamamatyanam | Avi, p. 11. narah pratyupakararthi vipattau labhate phalam | Car, IV. 7, p. 102. na vistararhani vipriyani | Panc, p. 54. navam saravam salilaih supurna susamskrtam darbhakrtottariyam | tattasya ma bhunnarakam sa gacchedyo bhartrpindasya krte na yudhyet || Pratijna, IV. 3, na vyaghram mrgasisavah pradharsayanti | Prat, V. 11, p. 106. na sakyam khalu visamasyaih purusai rajabaladhanam kartum | ru, p. 91. na sakyam mano jetum | Avi, p. 19. na sakyam lokasyadhisthanabhutam krtantam vancayitum | Bal, p. 12. na hi na paripalya yuvatayah | Pratijna, II. 4. p. 49. ... na hi siddhavakya- nyutkramya gacchati vidhih supariksitani | Soapna, I. 11, p. 24. na naruhya nagendram vaijayanti nipatyate | Pratijna, IV. 20, p. 123. nimnasthalotpadako hi kalah | Prat, p. 125. p. 111. nirdosadrsya hi bhavanti naryo yajne vivahe vyasane vane ca || Prat, I. 29, p. 36. nirveda eva khalvanuktagrahinam svaminamupasritasya bhrtyajanasya | Abh, p. 40. nirveda pratyarthini khalu prarthana | Mv, p. 11. nisparihara vyapadah | Avi, p. 6. nisprativacanamrsivacanam | Avi, p. 103. nite ratne bhajane ko nirodhah | Pratijna, IV. 2, p. 117. [19]
20 ]. SUBHASITAS [ APPENDIX rr naivedanim tadrsascakravaka naivapyanye strivisesairviyuktah | dhanya sa stri yam tatha vetti bharta bhartrsnehat sa hi dagdhapyadagdha | Swapna, I. 13, aireed mahatmano hyatmanamapastotum | Panc, p. 20. nyastasastram hi ko hanyat | Panc, II. 52, p. 86. padimattadhammini padivvadatti nama | Mv, p. 13. paracakraranakranta dharmasamkara varjita | bhumirbhartaramapanam raksita pariraksati || Pratijna, I. 9, p. 27. parasparagata loke drsyate rupatulyata | Soapna, VI. 14, p. 136. parokso na svarge bahugunamivesa phalati | Pane, I. 23, p. 17. pinivediamanani piani piadarani honti | Avi, p. 39. pitroranistah kasyedanim priyah | Mo, p. 15. punyasancayasampraptamadhigamya nrpasriyam | vancayedyah suhrdbandhunsa bhavedviphalasramah || Du, St. 25, p. 17. purusamayo dhanurvedah | Panc, p. 105. purusanam matrdoso na dosah | Prat, IV. 21, p. 88. purusajovvanani via gihajovvanani khu dasavisesam anuhonti | Car, pp. 12-13. pujyatamah khalu brahmanah | Mv, p. 30 purva tavad yuddhasambaddhadosah prastotavya bhavanah samsayanam | p. 31. sandigdhe'rthe cintyamane vinase rudhe soke karyatattvam nivedyam || Pratijna, I. 13, p. pranipatati niruddhah satkrto dharsito va | Pratijna, I. 11, p. 30. pradveso bahumano va sankalpadupajayate | Soapna, I. 7, p. 15. prasiddhau karyanam pravadati janah parthivabalam vipattau vispasta sacivamatidosam janayati | amatya ityukta srutisukhamudaram nrpatibhih susuksmam dandyante matibalavidagdhah kupurusah || Avi, I. 5, prajnasya murkhasya ca karyayoge samatvamabhyeti tanurna buddhih | Avi, IV 5, p. 83. priyavacanapariharya hi devi | Pratijna, p. 55. bandhusnehaddhi mahatah kalasnehastu durlabhah | Mo, Sh. 20, p. 16. balavan putrasneho nama | Avi, pp. 94, 95. bahumukha vivaha yathesta sadhyante | Avi, p. 13. bahuvigghani suhani | Avi, p. 56. bahuvisamasca sukhasca ratricarah | A, III. 11, p. 46. bahuvuttantani raaulani nama | Prat, pp. 15, 17. bahmano dulo akkharajno atyanno a | Avi, p. 16. banadhina ksatriyanam samrddhih | Panic, I. 24, p. 18. bahyajanadharitamalankaram grhajano na draksyati | Car, p. 70. bhaktya tusyanti daivatani | Car, p. 27. p. 4. 33.
APPENDIX II ] SUBHASITAS bhartrdrohadastu matanyamata | Prat, III. 18, p. 71. bhagyakramena hi dhanani punarbhavanti | Car, I, 5, p. 14. [ 21 bhidaha va padharisidaha va avannaha va sulabhacalittavancanaha va avarahedum samattha honti | Car, p. 49. bhedah parasparagata hi mahakulanam dharmadhikaravacanesu samibhavanti | Panc, I, 41, p. 34. bhoh ! kastam tarunyam nama | Avi, p. 42. majjamanamakaryesu purusam visayesu vai | nivarayati yo rajan sa mitram ripuranyatha || Abh, VII. 3, p. 76. manasca tavadasmadicchaya na pravartate | Avi, p. 19. manusyanamastyeva sambhramah | Dv, p. 8. marutprapato hi sarvarthasadhakah | Avi, p. 60. mahuram pi bahu khadiam ajinam hoi | Car, p. 65. mata kila manusyanam daivatanam ca daivatam | Mo, St. 37, p. 28. manasarira rajanah | uru, p. 113. mithyaprasamsa khalu nama kasta | Pane, II. 60, p. 90. mrte'pi hi nara sarve satye tisthanti tisthati | Panc, III. 25, p. 114. yatte krte yadi na sidhyati ko'tra dosah ko va na sidhyati mameti karoti karyam | yalaih subhaih purusata bhavatiha nrnam daivam vidhanamanugacchati karyasiddhih || Avi, III. 12, p. 46. ranasirasi gavarthe nasti moghah prayatno nidhanamapi yasah syanmoksayitva tu dharmah || Panic, II. 5, p. 55. rajyam nama nrpatmajaih sahrdayairjitva ripunbhujyate talloke na tu yacyate na tu punardinaya va diyate | Do, St. 24, p. 17. rajyam nama muhurtamapi nopeksaniyam | Prat, p. 92. rusto'pi kuaro vanyo na vyaghram dharsayedvane | Mv, St. 44, p. 33. rupena striyah kathyante | parakramena tu purusah | Panc, p. 106. lataya saktaya skandhe suskaya vestitastaruh | nivisto duskule sadhuh stridoseneva dahyate || Panc, I. 14, p. 11. lahujanassa sulaho vihnao | Car, p. 59. vaguracchannamasritya mrganamisyate vadhah | Abh, I. 19, p. 12. vacanuvrttih khalvatithisatkarah | Prat, p. 99. vidhiranatikramaniyah | Prat, p. 45. vivaha nama bahusah pariksya kartavya bhavanti | Avi, p. 3. vina namasamudrotthitam ratnam | Car, p. 64. vyavaharesvasadhyanam loke vapratirajyatam | prabhate drstadosanam vairinam rajani bhayam || Pratijna, III. 3, p. 88. sankaniya hi lokesu nisprabhava daridrata | Car, III. 15, p. 80. sarire'rih praharati hrdaye svajanastatha | Prat, I. 12, p. 25. siksa ksayam gacchati kalaparyayat subaddhamula nipatanti padapah | 1
22 ] SUBHASITAS [ APPENDIX II sakkaro hi nama sakarena padicchido pidim uppadedi | Sapna, p. 90. sankalpamano hi vijrmbhate madanah | Avi, p. 19. jalam jalasthanagatam ca susyati hutam ca dattam ca tathaiva tisthati || Karma, St. 22, srirna santosamicchati | Panc, II. 8, p. 57. p. 82. sanghaarino anattha | Avi, p. 14. sati ca kulavirodhe naparadhyanti balah | Pane, III. 4, p. 102. sadakkhinnassa janassa parijano vi sadakkhijna evva hodi | Svapna, p. 88. sadrsam vayasah kim paravyaparaviksanam | Avi, p. 44. sandigdhe'rthe cintyamane vinase rudhe soke karyatattvam nivedyam | Pratijna, I. 13, sabhavaramaniani mandidani adiramaniani honti | Avi, p. 55. samaravajitanam ratnanamistasambhogah pratitimutpadayati | Pratijna, p. 62. samagatanam yuktah prityaya parigrahah | Pratijna, p. 48. samulam vrksamutpatya sakhaschettum kutah sramah | Pratijna, IV. 24, p. 124. sarvajanasadharanamasramapadam nama | Svapna, p. 26. sarvatra daksinyam na kartavyam | Avi, p. 10. 000 sarvatra sada ca nama dvijottamah pujyatamah prthivyam | Mv, St. 9, p. 8, sarvamistesu kathyate | Pane, III. 13, p. 108. sarva narendra hi narendrakanyam mallah patakamiva tarkayanti | A, I. 9, p. 10. sarvaparadhesvavadhyah khalu dutah | Abh, p. 41. sarvah prajah ksatriyanam putrasabdenabhidhiyante | M 2, p, 31. sarvo'pi hi kanyapradanam prati prsthascet paracchandena tisthati | Pratijna, p. 48. sarva sraddhaya dattam sraddham | Prat, p. 100. sarva hi sainyamanuragamrte kalatram | Pratijna, I. 4, p. 10. savvajanamanobhiramam khu sobhaggam nama | Soapna, p. 45. savvasohaniyam suruvam nama| Prat, p. 11. savva sankanio raticchanno paragihappaveso | Avi, p. 30. savvam alankaro hodi suruvanam | Avi, p. 28. sahijanasapattio ganiajano nama | Car, p. 89. saksimanyaso niryatayitavyah | Svapna, p. 139. santvam hi nama durvinitanamausadham | Panc, p. 33. sahase khalu srirvasati | Car, p. 93. sukkaluddha nanu pucchidavva | Prat, p. 72. sukhamartho bhaveddatum sukham pranah sukham tapah | sukhamanyadbhavetsarvam duhkham nyasasya raksanam || Svapna, I. 10, p. 21. p. 33. sukham khalu niskalatranam kantarapravesah, ramaniyatarah khalu praptamanorathanam vinipatah, apascattapa- karah khalu sacitadharmanam mrtyuh | Pratijna, p. 114.
APPENDIX II] SUBHASITAS [ 23 sukham hi duhkhanyanubhuya sobhate yathandhakaradiva dipadarsanam | sukhattu yo yati dasam daridratam sthitah sarirena mrtah sa jivati || Ca', I. 3, p. 13. sulabhasaranamasrayo bhayanam vanagahanam timiram ca tulyameva | ubhayamapi hi raksate'ndhakaro janayati yasca bhayani yasca bhitah || Car, I. 20, p. 25. sulahavaraho parino nama | Prat, p. 9. suham namaaparibhudam akallavattam ca | Svapna, p.60. snigdhesvasajyam karma yadduskaram syad yo va vijnata satkrtanam gunanam | kritam samarthyam yasya tasya kramena daivapramanyad bhrasyate vardhate va || sneha durbalam matrhrdayam raksyam | Pratijna, p. 32. smaratapi bhayam rasa bhayam na smaratapi va | ubhabhyamapi gantavyo bhayadapyabhayadapi || Bal, II. 13, p. 28. svah putrah kurute pituryadi vacah kastatra bho vismayah | Prat, I. 5, p. 16, svairdosairbhavati hi sankito manusyah | Car, IV. 6, p. 100. hato spi labhate svargam jitvapi labhate yasah | ubhe bahumate loke nasti nisphalata rane || Karna, St. 12, p. 76. hatthitthacancalani purusabhaggani honti | Avi, p. 28. hastasparso hi matrnamajalasya jalaalih | Prat, III. 12, p. 66. Pratijna, I. 3, pp. 6-7 .