Part 5.5 - The Brhatsarvanukramani (introduction and summary)

The Brhatsarvanukramani belongs to the Saunakiya recension of the Atharvaveda, Saunakiya recension It consists of eleven patalas which are further divided into 223 sections'. The first ten patalas take into account the mantras from the first nineteen kandas of the Atharvaveda, Saunakiya recension while the eleventh patala is devoted to the twentieth kanda. Obviously enough, the author has found it necessary to consider the mantras from more than one kanda 2 in one patala². At the end of the tenth patala, the words bhrgvangira brahmeti are repeated. As is customary, such repetition indicates the end of the book. It, therefore, appears, that the eleventh patala was added at a later stage when several hymns from the Rgveda were incorporated into the Atharvaveda, Saunakiya recension -samhita to form its twentieth kanda. Moreover, it is clearly stated at the beginning of the eleventh patala that the rai, darivata and chandas etc. in regard to the suktas (1) The numbers of sections in which the various patalas are livided are as follows: Patala 1:25, 2:23, 3:10, 4:25, 5:15, 6:22, 7:18, 8:17, 9:17, 9:23, 10:34 and 11:11. (2) The division of the Atharvaveda, Saunakiya recension mantras into the first ten patalas is as follows: Patala 1 Patala 2 - Kandas III and IV Kandas I and II, Patala 2 3 fa V F 4 VI 11 VII 6 ** VIII & IX 7 # X and XI # 8 12 XII & XIII " 9 " XIV to # 10 ** XVII to XVI XIX

265 in the twentieth kanda are quoted from the Asvalayana Anukramani (AA ) of the Rgveda ³. The Brhatsarvanukramani of the Atharvaveda, Saunakiya recension , like other works of its class", constitutes a comprehensive index of the metres, reizs (authors), daivatas (deities) and ritualistic application (viniyoga) etc. of all the suktas included in the Atharvaveda, Saunakiya recension -samhita The seers of the suktas are usually known by tradition but the point that which strikes one is that the tradition of authorship is not properly preserved in the case of the hymns of the Atharvaveda, Saunakiya recension This may bepossibly due to the fact that as the Atharvaveda, Saunakiya recension is 'the Veda of the masses! there is not found in it the family-consciousness which is seen among the classes. We find, for instance, in the Rgveda that each mandala is ascribed to some rsi family and thus the mandalas are family-books. Such is not the case with the kandas of the Atharvaveda, Saunakiya recension This may be due to the reason that in the case of the masses everything belongs to the community as such, and there is no strong consciousness about the possession of the family. (3) am athava visatikandasya suktasamkhya sampradayad rsidevatandasya- svalayananukramanusarenanumiyamah sithan varjayitva | (4) The purpose of the Anukramani of any Veda will become clear from the following verse: aviditva rsi chando devata yogameva va yo'dhyapayejnaped va'pi papiyan jayate tu sah || vrrahavata (8.13

266 In the absence of a consistent tradition the author has to supply the information, regarding the seer of the hymn, from his imagination and hence we find that often the same names such as Atharvan, Bhrgu, Angiras and Brahman are repeated. These names of seers appear to be artificial and they do not have the personality which the seers of the Rgveda Vasistha and Visvamitra, for instance, - have. Thus the tradition is all artificial as regards the authorship of the hymns of the Atharvaveda, Saunakiya recension The scantiness of information is found in respect of 5 mythology also. The Atharvaveda, Saunakiya recension does not give us much information about the gods like Agni and Soma. This is but natural in view of the nature of the Atharvaveda, Saunakiya recension mantras. They deal mainly with domestic and magical rites and hence they hardly contain a description of the exploits of the divinities. As regards the metre of the Atharvaveda, Saunakiya recension -mantras it is wellknown that the metre is generally loose. It is often difficult to know whether a certain mantra is merely cadenced prose or doggerel metre. "The Brhatsarvanukramani in the course of its struggle with these defective metres enriches the metrical terminology with new varieties: the words niert, bhurik, -garbha (e.g. viradgarbha bhurik), aral etc. figure frequently." (5) Cf. Macdonell, Vedic Mythology or Vedische Mythologie , p. 4. METKI (6) Bloomfield, The Atharvaveda (Grundriss), p. 41.

267 At the very outset the Brhatsarvanukramani states the general rule that a mantra belongs to the deity with reference to whom the seer of the hymn employs it. It then enumerates 21 8 metres but states that the words sarvani chandansi in this text denotes the first seven metres which are enumerated. Then it mentions 28 ganas with their seers, deities and metres as given in the following table: No. Name of Cana Seer Deity Metres 1 santatiya santati Candramas Sarvani chandamsi 2 bhaisajya Atharvan Bhaisajya Ayu Atijagati, a 3 rudra 4 raudra DEM Rudra liao Atisakvari Sarvani chandamsi Atisakvari, Virat, Sakvari Asti, Sarvani chondansi Same as those of rudra gana 5 santi Brahma Soma Asti, samkrti sarvani chandansi (7) yatkamadrista va bhavati yasyam devatayamarthapatyamita stutih prayujyate sa devata tapya mantrasya bhavati| Cf. Nirukta 7.1 and Eksarvanukramani of Katyayana, 3.2 (8) They are 1) Gayatri 2) Usnik 3) Anustubh 4) Brhati 5) Pankti 6) Tristubh 7) Jagati 8) Atijagati 9) Sakvari 10) Atisakvari 11) Asti 12) Atyasti 13) Dhrti 14) Atidhrti 15) Krti 16) Prakrti 17) Akrti 18) Vikrti 19) Samkrti 20) Abhikrti and 21) Utkrti.

268 No. Name of Gana Seer Deity Metres 6 krtyapratih- Sukra arana Krtyadusana Atijagati, Sakvari sarvani chandansi 7 catana Catana Agni Sarvani chandamsi 8 matrnama Matrnama Matrnama Trstubh, Brhati, Anustubh, Jagati, Usnik, Sakvari. 9 vastospati Brahma Vastospati Sakvari, 10 papmaha L Atisakvari, sarvani chandansi Papmaha Gayatri, Usnik, Anustubh, Pankti Jagati. 11 takmanasana Bhrgvangiras Yaksmanasana Sakvari, Asti Atyasti, Dhrti sarvani chandamsi 12 duhsvapnanasana Tama Duhsvapnanasana sarvani chandamsi 13 ayusya Brahman Ayu Atijagati, Sakrari, Asti, Atyasti, Dhrti, Atidhrti Prakrti, sarvani chandamsi 14 varcasya 15 svastyayana Atharvan Brhaspati Sarvani chandanisi Candramas Sakvari, 16 aditya Brahman Aditya Atisakvari, m sarvani chandasi Atijagati, Sakvari, Asti, Atyasti, Atidhrti.

269 No. Name of Gana Seer Deity Metres 17 pancapatya Atharvan Agni, Vayu Gayatri, Usnik, Surya, Candra Anustubh, Brhati Apah Pankti 18 salila Brahma Aditya Atijagati, Asti Atyasti, Dhrti, Atidhrti, Krti, Prakyti, sarvani chandamsi. 19 visvakarma Atharvan Vacaspati Anustubh, Usnik, Brhati, Pankti. 20 utthapana Atharvan Agni Anustubh, Tristubh, Usnik, Jagati, Pankti, Brhati, Atijagati, Atisakvari, Atyasti, Atidhrti. 21 rajyabhiseka Brahma Mrtyu Ugnik, Jagati, Pankti, Apah, Candramas Tristubh, Anustubh, Brhati Atharvangiras Atijagati, Atisakvari, Atyasti, Atidhrti. 22 amholinga Atharvan Indra, Agni sarvani chandamsi Candra, Varuna Visvedevas 3 The seer, deity and metres of 22) abhaya 24) aparajita 25) sarmavarma 26) devapuriya 27) citra and 28) patnivata ganas are the same as those of the svastyayana

270 10 gana It may be noted that the ten ganas from santi to varcasya (nre. 5 to 14) are grouped together as dasaganah and that all the 28 ganas are found in the Ganamata (Atharvaveda-Parisistas 32). The Brhat-sarvanukramani then turns to its main task, namely, that of enumerating the seer etc. of each hymn. Often, the text together takes into consideration a group of hymns having some common points, and then mentions the other characteris tics of each hymn in the group. Thus, for instance, it is stated that the first three suktas in kanda I are in the anustubh metre and are composed by the seer Atharvan. The text gives the viniyoga of the suktas by telling an account regarding the purpose.for which it was used by the seer The first sukta is said to have been used by Atharvan for 11 acquiring proficiency in speech (vacabhivrddhyai) 12. It is further stated (1.5), regarding the metre in general, that when there is one syllable less, the metre is to be known as of the niert type, when there are two syllables less, it is called virat, when there is one syllable more, it is called bhurik and when there are two syllables more it is to (9) These seven ganas are found at Santi-Kalpa II.14.1-2 except that instead of the patnivata, the rudra and the raudra - ganas are mentioned there. (10) These are identical with those grouped in the Santi-Kalpa II.23. 1-2 and the Ganamala, Atharvaveda-Parisistas 32.1-10. Cf. CaturvargaCintamani, Vratakhanda, Vol. II, part 1, pp. 282 ff. (11) This is found often throughout the text. (12) Kausika Sutra 10.1 uses the hymn for medhajanana.

271 13 be called of the svarat type¹³. We find that the Atharvaveda, Saunakiya recension contains many rks which are identical with those in the Rgveda But the ascription to a seer is usually different in the case of the Atharvaveda, Saunakiya recension -mantras. Such instances are noted below in tabular form 14. Atharvaveda, Saunakiya recension seer Rgveda seer I.4.1-4 Sindhudvipa I.5-6 Sindhudvipa = X.9 - I.23.16-19 Medhatithi Kanva Sindhudvipa, Ambarisa or Trisira Tvastra 11 I.20.4 Atharvan = X.152.1 Saso Bhadadvaja 1.21.11 Atharvan - X.152 # I.22.4 * Brahman I.50.12 Praskanva Kanva (13) Cf. Pingala's Chandahsutra i 11.59-60: Unadhikena ekena nicrd-bhurijau. dvabhyam virad-svara jau. (14) This information is adapted from the foot-notes given by Rama Gopal in his edition of the Brhatsarvanukramani. The mantras in the Atharvaveda, Saunakiya recension which vary considerably from those of the Rgveda are marked with an asterisk (*). (11) The metre of this verse is said to be nierd-anustup in the Asvalavana Anukramani (AA ); whereas it is called only anustup here. In fact it belongs to the nierd variety as there is one syllable less in b (12) The wording of the first verse differs from that of the Rgveda slightly.

Atharvaveda, Saunakiya recension seer I.29.1-3 Vasistha II.1.3 Vena Rgveda seer = X.174.1-3 Abhivartta 13 Angirasa - X.82.3 II.5.5-7 Bhrgu Atharvan = 1.32.1-3 II.12.6 Bharadvaja = Vedic Index 52.2 Visvakarma Bhouvana Hiranyastupa Angirasa Rjisva Bharadvaja II.33 III.11 * Brahman III.15.3 Atharvan III.16 Atharvan Brahman = X.163 Vivrha Kasyapa. = X.161 Yaksmanasana Prajapatya = III.18.3 Kato Vaisvamitra = VII.41 Vasistha III.17. 1-2 Visvamitra - X.101.4,3 Budha Saumya .4-8 .8* III.20.1 Vasistha .2-7 III 18 Atharvan III.19.7 Vasistha = IV.57.7,8, 4,5,6 X.145 - X.103.13 = Vedic Index 75.16 Vamadeva. Indrani Apratiratha Aindra Payu Bharadvaja Gathina Visvamitra ■ III.29.10 = X.141.1-6 Agni Tapasa III.21.6 Vasistha III.31.5 Brahman = VIII.43.11 Virupa Angirasa = X.17.1 Devasrava Yamayana IV.2*14 Vena = X.121 Hiranyagarbha Prajapati (13) This word occurs in the first verse and there is a play upon the root vrt with abhi throughout the hymn. It may, incidentally be pointed out here that in connection with Atharvaveda, Saunakiya recension I.32 the text gives the general rule that whenever the name of the seer is not mentioned, the seer of the previous hymn should be understood to belong to it; and when the deity is not mentioned, it is to be noted from the mantra itself. (14) The deity of this hymn is given as Atman but in the AA it is mentioned as Ka.

273 Atharvaveda, Saunakiya recension seer 15 IV.5 Brahman IV.13.1-5 Santati EV = VII.55 Vasistha seer X.137.1-5 Bharadvaja, Kasyapa, Gotama, Atri, Visvamitra. 13.6 IV.15.36 Atharvan IV.21 Brahman IV.3017 Atharvan = X.125 = X.60.12 Bandhu Gaupayana - X.103.1 Vasistha = Vedic Index 128.1-7 Bharadvaja Barhaspatya Vagambhrni IV.31 Brahman = X.84 Manyu Tapasa IV.32 Brahman = X.83 Manyu Tapasa IV.33 Brahman = 1.97 Kutsa Angirasa X.1.6 Brhaddira Atharvan V.1.6 Brhaddiva Atharvan = X.5.6 V.2 Brhaddiva Atharvan = X.120 V.3 Brhaddiva Atharvan = X.128 V.6.3 Atharvan - X.73.7 .4 " IX.110.1 Trita Aptya Brhaddiva Atharvana Vihavya Gauraviti Saktya Tryaruna Trasadasyu V.12 Angiras - X.110 Jamadagni Bhargava (15) The deity is here mentioned as Svapana or Vrsabha. In the AA it is Indra. (16) The deity of Atharvaveda, Saunakiya recension IV.15 is given as Marut-Parjanya whereas the deity of Rgveda X.103 is said to be Manduka in the AA (17) The deity of Atharvaveda, Saunakiya recension IV.30 is given as Vak while in AA the deity of Rgveda X.125 bears the name Atman.

274 Atharvaveda, Saunakiya recension seer V.17.1- Mayobhu 3,5,10, EV seer - X.109.1-3, Juhu or Urdhvanabha 5-7 11 V.25 Brahman = X.184 Vedic Index 22.1 Samtati I.164.47 Tvastr, Visnu, Prajapati Dirghatama Nairrta Kapota Vedic Index 27 Bhrgu = x.165.1-3 Vedic Index 28.1 Bhrgu = X.165.5 Vedic Index 29. 1 bc Vedic Index 31.1* Uparibabhrava= X.189 Catana X.165.4 ab = X 187 Vedic Index 34 Vedic Index 45. 2-3* Praceta Angiras Vedic Index 46. Praceta 3* Vedic Index 51.3 Santati Angiras Sarparajni Agneya Vatsa. X.164.3-4 Praceta Angiras = VIII.47.17 Trita Aptya VII.89.5 Maitravaruni Vasistha Vedic Index 52. 1-2 Bhagali ■ I.191.8-9,4 Maitravaruni Agastya. Vedic Index 63. Druhvana 418 - X.191.1 Samvanan Angiras Vedic Index 77. Kabandha 2* = X.19.5 Mathita Yamayana, Bhrgu Varuni or Bhargava Cyavana Vedic Index 87 Vedic Index 88. 1-2 Atharvan Atharvan = X.173.1-3 - X.173.3-4 Dhruva Angiras " (18) The deity of Vedic Index 63 is mentioned as Nivrti and Mrtyu. AA gives the deity of Rgveda X.191 as Agni and Samjnana.

Atharvaveda, Saunakiya recension seer 275 Rgveda - X.56.2 seer Vedic Index 92.3* Atharvan Brhaduktha Vamadevya Vedic Index 96. Bhrgvangiras = 1.97.15-16 Bhigag Atharvana 1-2* VII.5.1 Atharvan I.164.50 Dirghatama = X.90.16 Narayana VII.6.1 Atharvan - 1.89.10 Gotama Rahugana .3 " = X.63.10 Gaya Plata VII.9.1-2 Uparibabhrva 3-4 VII.10.1 Saunaka VII.26.1 Medhatithi .4-7 X.17.6,5 Devasrava Yamayana " Vedic Index 54.9-10 Bharadvaja Barhaspatya I.164.49 Dirghatamas Aucathya = I.154.1 Dirghatamas Aucathya * I.22.17-20 Medhatithi Kanva VII.37. Atharvan 1 abc = IX.67.29 Bharadvaja Barhaspatya VII.39.1 Praskanva VII.42. Praskanva 1-2 VII.44.1 Praskanva VII.46. Atharvan 1-2 = II.32.6-7 Grtsamada I.164.52 Dirghatama Aucathya Vedic Index 74.2-3 Bhardvaja Barhaspatya - Vedic Index 69.8 Bharadvaja Barhaspatya VII.48. Atharvan 1-2 = II.32.4-5 VII.49. Atharvan 1-2 - V.46.7-8 Pratiksatra Atreya VII.50.3 Angiras 24 = V.60.1 Syavasva Atreya. " = I.102.4 Kutsa Angirasa .6-7* " X.42.9-10 Krsna Angirasa

Atharvaveda, Saunakiya recension seer VII.51. Angiras 276 RY seer - X.42.11 Krsna Angirasa 1* VII.58 Kaurupathi VlI. 72 Atharvan VII.73. Atharvan 7-8 .9 .10 .11 " = IX.68.10-11 Bharadvaja Barhaspatya = x. 179 Ausinara, Pratardana, Vasumanas. = I.164.26-27 Dirghatamas = V.4.4 = V.28.3 Vasusruta Atreya = 1.164.40 VII.75.1 Uparibabhrava = Vedic Index 28.7 VII.76.6 Atharvan VII.77.1 Angiras VII.80.3 Atharvan = Vedic Index 47.6 = VII.59.9 - X.121.10 Visvavara Atreyi Dirghatamas Bharadvaja Barhaspatya Garga Maitravaruni Vasistha Hiranyagarbha Prajapatya VII.81. Atharvan 1-2 X.85.18-19 Surya Savitri VII.82.1 Saunaka = IV.58.10 Vamad eva VII.83.3 Sunahsepa VII.84. I.24.15 Sunahsepa Ajigarti Bhrgu X.180.3-2 Jaya Aindra 2-3 VII.86.9 Atharvan = Vedic Index 47.11 Garga VII.90. Angiras 1-2 ■ VIII.40.6 Nabhaka Kanva VII.91.1 Atharvan = X.131.6 Sukirti Kaksivala 19 VII.92!? Atharvan VII.94.1 Atharvan (19) ab, cd of this verse are seen with exchanged position in the Rgveda Vedic Index 47.13 X.131.7 Garga Bharadvaja Sukirti Kaksivata - X.173.6 Dhruva

277 Atharvaveda, Saunakiya recension seer VII.97.2 Atharvan VII.112. Varuna 2 EV seer = V.42.4 Atri - X.97.16 Bhisag Atharvana VII.116. Atharvangiras = III.45.1 1 VIII.3.1 Catana Visvamitra = *.87.1 Payu - X.87.17 " .17 .24 .26 VIII.4 Catana - VII.104 IX.1.15 Atharvan = 1.23.24 = V.2.9 - VII.15.10 Atreya Vasistha Vasistha Medhatithi Kanva IX.4.23 Brahman - Vedic Index 28.8 Barhaspatya Bharadvaja IX.9 Brahman = I.168 Dirghatama IX.10.1 Brahman - 1.164 Dirghatamas -8,10- 18,20- 22,25- 28 10.9 - X.55.5 .23 " - I.152.3 Brhaduktha Vamadevya Dirghatamas. X.8.42 Kutsa = X.139.3 XI.2.29 Atharvan = I.114.7 XI.4.22 Bhargava = X.8.7 XII.2. Bhrgu 21-25 Vaidarbhi Visvavasu Devagandharva Kutsa Angirasa Trisira Tvastra - X.18.1,3,4, Sankusuka Yamayana 6,5,2,7 30-31 2.26 XIII.1.41 Brahman 1.59- 60 = X.53.8 Devas = 1.164.17 Dirghatamas - X.57.1-2 Bandhu, Srutabandhu

278 Atharvaveda, Saunakiya recension seer Rgveda seer XIII. 2.11 Brahman = X.85.18 Surya Savitri 2.16-24 2.26* 2.27 2.29 " 2.35 qun 2.46 = 1.50.1-9 - X.81.3 = X.117.8 Praskanva Kanva Visvakarman Bhauvana Bhiksu. = VIII.101.11 Jamadagni Bhargava = I.115.1 = V.1.1 Kutsa Angirasa Budhagavisthira Atreya Dirghatamas XIII.3.9 Brahman - I.164.47 20 XIV.1 Surya Savitri = X.85 Surya Savitri XVI.6.1 Atharvan = VIII.47.18 Trita Aptya XVII.1 .24* Brahman = 1.50.13 Praskanva Kanva XVIII.1. 1-5,7-12, 14-16 Atharvan 1.6 1.13 = X.10 = 1.86.16 = X.10.12 1.18-26 = X 11 1.29-36 1.37-38 = X.12 = VIII.24.1-2 1.39 1.40 qun liao * X.31.9 = II.33.11 Yami Vaivasvati Rahugana Cotama Yami Vaivasvati Havirdhana Angiras Havirdhana Angiras. Visvamana Vaiyasva Kavasa Ailusa Grtsamada 1.41-43 X.17.7-9 Devasrava Yamayana 1.44-46 1.47 1.48 1.49-50 1.51-52 X.15.1,3,2 = X.14.3 = Vedic Index 47.1 - X.10.1-2 = X.15.4,6 Sankha Yamayana Yama Garga Yama Sankha Yamayana (20) The Brhatsarvanukramani (9.1) mentions that there are 139 verses in kanda XIV, perhaps considering it as consisting of one hymn only. The Pancapatalika (4.11) states that the first hymn consists of 64 and the next of 75 verses.

Atharvaveda, Saunakiya recension seer 279 M Rgveda seer Devasrava Yamayana Yama 2 Y 1.53 Atharvan = X.17.1 1.54 " = X.14.7 1.56-57 n = X.14.9 1.58-60 qun - X.14.6,5,4 " XVIII.2. 1-3 Atharvan = X.14.13-15 Yama 4-5 6 7-8,10 11-13 14-18 19 133 35 ab 50 cd jiao " liao " - X.16.1-2 X.14.16 - X.16.3-5 - X.14.10-12 = X.154.1,4, 2,3,5 = 1.22.15 - X.17.2 - X.15.14 = X.18.11 = X.17.3-4 = X.16.7 = X.18.19 54-55 # 58 " 60 XVIII.3. 2 Atharvan = X.18.8 6-7 13 lu 18 21-24 xiang 38-41 " 42-48 dao = X.56.1 = X.16.13 = IX.86.43 • IV.2.16-19 - X.13.1-4 = X.15.12,7, 11,5,8,9, 10 49-52 - X.18.10-13 53,55 " - X.16.8,6 56 = X.17.24 57 " 58 " = X.14.8 59 = X.18.7 = X.15.14 Damana Yamayana Yama Damana Yamayana Yama Yami Medhatithi Kanva Devasrva Yamayana Sankha Yamayana Samkusuka Yamayana Devasrava Yamayana Damana Yamayana Samkusuka Yamayana Samkusuka Yamayana Brhaduktha Vamadevya Damana Yamayana Bhauma Atri Vamadeva Vivasvat Aditya Sankha Yamayana Samkusuka Yamayana Damana Yamayana Devasrava Yamana Samkusuka Yamayana Yama Bharadvaja Barhaspatya

Atharvaveda, Saunakiya recension seer 280 Rgveda seer 60 65 4838 66 67 XVIII.4. 28 29 Atharvan - X.16.14 Damana Yamayana Trisira Tvastra " qun Atharvan = X.8.1 X.123.6 VII.32.26 Vena Vasistha or Sakti = X.17.11 - X.107.4 Devasrava Yamayana Angiras or Daksina Indra Bharadvaja Barhaspatya qun 58 " - X.86.19 59 # - Vedic Index 2.6 853 60 61 - IX.86.16 Sikata Nivavari = 1.82.2 - I.24.15 - 1.6.4 69 $9 88 # 89 # = 1.105.1 Gotama Rahugana Sunahsepa Vasusruta Atreya Trita Aptya or Kutsa Angirasa. XIX.6* XIX.10 XIX.5.1 Brahman Narayana = VII.27.3 Vasistha = X.9 Narayana -11.1-5 Vasistha VII.35 Maitravaruni Vasistha 11.6 V.47.7 Pratiratha Atreya. XIX.12. 1 ab 1 cd Vasistha X.172.4 ed Samvarta Vedic Index 17.15 cd Bharadvaja Barhaspatya XIX.13. 2-11 Apratiratha XIX.15.1 Atharvan X.103 Apratiratha Aindra VIII.61.13 Bharga Pragatha 15.4 XIX.57.1 Yama Vedic Index 47.8 Garga VIII.47.17 Trita Aptya XIX.58.4 Brahman X.101.8 Budha Saumya XIX.59.1 Brahman VIII.11.1 Vatsa Kanva .2 X.2.4 Trita Aptya

281 21 It may be said that the Pancapatalika and the Brhatsarvanukramani are two kinds of Anukramanis. The former, which whitney calls 'Old Anukramani' gives the division of the AVsamhita into kandas, anuvakas, suktas, rks etc. and the latter which Whitney calls 'Major Anukramani' mentions the seers, deities, metres etc. of the hymns in the Atharvaveda, Saunakiya recension That Pancapatalika was written earlier can be seen from the fact that it is quoted by the Brhatsarvanukramani at the end of the tenth patala. 22 The two texts differ at a few places as regards the mention of the hymns. Atharvaveda, Saunakiya recension VII.6 is stated by Brhatsarvanukramani (5.1) to consist of two verses (dvyrea), but the Pancapatalika (2.9) counts in it four verses including the following two 23 verses. Atharvaveda, Saunakiya recension VII.45 is called ekarca in the Brhatsarvanukramani (5.6), the same is counted among the dvyrca in the Panca patalika (2.9) counting in it the following verse. Atharvaveda, Saunakiya recension VII.68 and 69 are considered by Brhatsarvanukramani (5.9) as consisting of two verses each whereas the Pancapatalika considers VII.68 as consisting 3 verses and VII.69 as one verse only. According to the Pancapatalika (2.9), Atharvaveda, Saunakiya recension VII.72 consists of 3 verses, but the Brhat-sarvanukramani (5.9) counts in it only 2 verses and considers the (21) Harvard Oriental Series VII, pp. 1 xxi ff. 24 (22) Pancapatalika 4.17: ekonanavatis cai 'va yamesu vihita rcah. (23) SPP has divided the verses according to the Brhatsarvanukramani whereas Roth and Whitney have divided according to the Pancapatalika. (24) Kausika Sutra 81.39 and Vaitana Sutra 8.2 consider Atharvaveda, Saunakiya recension VII.68 as consisting of two verses.

282 next verse sratam manye ... as a separate hymn" 25 Brhatsarvanukramani (5.10) considers Atharvaveda, Saunakiya recension VII.76 as consisting of four rks. The Pancapatalika does not count it in the caturrcas and mentions it separately at the end of Patala 2. According to Brhat-sarvanukramani (5.9) Atharvaveda, Saunakiya recension VII.68 consists of four verses, but the Pancapatalika includes in it only three verses and considers the next verse sam no vato vatu as a separate hymn. Atharvaveda, Saunakiya recension X.5 consists of 50 verses according to the Pancapatalika (4.16); according to Brhatsarvanukramani (7.4) it consists of 24 verses only. It may be pointed out in this connection that all these differences are only in respect of numbering the mantras and not regarding the text of the Atharvaveda, Saunakiya recension As regards the Laksanagrathas in general, it can be said that they belong to the Saunakiya recension. The Caturadhyayika is expressly Saunakiya, the Atharva-Pratisakhya does not belong to the 26 Paippalada recension, the Pancapatalika and the Brhatsarvanukramani clearly belong to the Saunakiya recension and the Dantyosthavidhi also is Saunakiya though due to its corrupt text some of its words are not traceable to the Vulgate. (25) Kausika Sutra 2.40 considers Atharvaveda, Saunakiya recension VII.72 as consisting of 3 verses (26) Cf. Surya Kanta, Atharva Pratisakhya, intro. p. 32.