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Yavanajataka by Sphujidhvaja [Sanskrit/English]
by Michael D Neely | 2018 | 97,362 words
The Sanskrit text and English translation of the Yavanajataka of Sphujidhvaja (circa 200 to 600 CE). The Yavana-jataka is an ancient text in Indian astrology possibly representing a versification of an earlier translation into Sanskrit of a Greek text, thought to have been written around 120 CE in Alexandria. This edition of the Yavanajataka also includes a word for word rendering from Sanskrit to English with parts of speech annotations. Note: There are a few inconclusive verses in this translation.
Verse 2.3
मेषे तु होरा प्रथमा नृरूपा व्याधुष्टनादा कृशदीर्घवक्त्रा ।
अजाविकानां गणमध्यसंस्था छागाधिरूढा पृतनां प्रशास्ति ॥३॥
meṣe tu horā prathamā nṛrūpā vyādhuṣṭanādā kṛśadīrghavaktrā |
ajāvikānāṃ gaṇamadhyasaṃsthā chāgādhirūḍhā pṛtanāṃ praśāsti ||3||
But the first horā in Aries is the appearance of a man with a resounding roar from a thin and long mouth, mounted on a goat standing in the middle of a flock of ram and sheep commanding an army.
English translation by Michael D Neely (2008)
Word-for-Word grammar analysis breakdown
meṣe (stem form: meṣa) (masculine, locative, singular) = in Aries
tu (conjunction) (indeclinable) = but
horā (stem form: horā) (feminine, nominative, singular) = horā
prathamā (stem form: prathamā) (ordinal number, feminine, nominative, singular) = first
nṛ = man
rūpā = appearance
nṛrūpā (stem form: nṛrūpā) (feminine, nominative, singular) = appearance of a man
vyāghuṣṭa = resounding
nādā = roar
vyāghuṣṭanādā (stem form: vyāghuṣṭanādā) (feminine, nominative, singular) = resounding roar
kṛśa = thin
dīrgha = long vaktrā = mouth
kṛśadīrghavaktrā (stem form: kṛśadīrghavaktrā) (feminine, nominative, singular) = thin and long mouth
aja = ram
avika = sheep
ajāvikānām (stem form: ajāvika) (masculine, genitive, plural) = of ram and sheep
gaṇa = flock
madhya = middle saṃsthā = standing
gaṇamadhyasaṃsthā (stem form: gaṇamadhyasaṃsthā) (feminine, nominative, singular) = standing in the middle of a flock
chāga = goat
adhirūḍhā = mounted
chāgādhirūḍhā (1st class verb root: adhiruh) (past passive participle, feminine, nominative, singular) = mounted on a goat
pṛtanām (stem form: pṛtanā) (feminine, accusative, singular) = army
praśāsti (pra + 2nd class verb root: śās) (present indicative, parasmaipada, 3rd person, singular) = one commanding
Glossary of Sanskrit terms
Note: This extracts Sanskrit terms and links to English definitions from the glossary, based on an experimental segmentation of verse (2.3). Some terms could be superfluous while some might not be mentioned. Click on the word to show English definitions.
Mesha, Hora, Prathama, Rupa, Vya, Krisha, Dirgha, Vaktri, Vaktra, Ajavika, Gana, Adhi, Asat, Chaga, Adhirudha, Pritana, Prasha, Asti,
Other editions:
Also see the following editions of the Sanskrit text or (alternative) English translations of the Verse 2.3
Yavanajātaka of Sphujidhvaja
by Michael D Neely (2008)
Edition includes original Sanskrit text, English translation and word-for-word analysis.