(v,8) Vāstu in the Bṛhatsaṃhitā

Though an astronomical work written by a leading astronomer of the Gupta period, the Bṛhatsaṃhitā deals with architecture also. It is remarkable work on Hindu Science of architecture and is also a datable work. Its treatment of the subject is methodical, succinct and scientific. Its contribution, therefore, to the evolution and development of Indian architecture is simply superb.

It is, like Purāṇas (being a semi-purāṇa itself), an encyclopaedia of manifold information.

“In this treatise there are but five chapters devoted to both architecture and sculpture. But the subjects have been treated with a master hand. The chapters open with a definition of the science of architecture, and the author goes on to describe briefly but succinctly and to the point, the suitable building sites, testing of soil, general plan, comparative measures of storeys and doors, and carvings thereon, and other important parts of a building. The preliminary subjects are described in the opening chapter.

Then follows the description of the buildings proper, under the same twenty types as in the Matsya and the Bhaviṣya-Purāṇas, the names and details being identical. The preparation of cement is discussed in a separate chapter. One whole chapter is devoted to the construction of the necessary articles of house-furniture, such as bedsteads, couches, and seats. Quite consistently with his sense of proportion Varāhamihira devotes only one chapter to sculpture, where, too, the details of images are described in a scientific manner which is missing in other ancient literature. He is, however, accused of being ‘in the habit of uncritically copying his authorities’ and misappropriating their materials. But in his treatise seven architectural authorities are mentioned distinctly.”