Vakyapadiya of Bhartrihari
by K. A. Subramania Iyer | 1965 | 391,768 words
The English translation of the Vakyapadiya by Bhartrihari including commentary extracts and notes. The Vakyapadiya is an ancient Sanskrit text dealing with the philosophy of language. Bhartrhari authored this book in three parts and propounds his theory of Sphotavada (sphota-vada) which understands language as consisting of bursts of sounds conveyi...
This book contains Sanskrit text which you should never take for granted as transcription mistakes are always possible. Always confer with the final source and/or manuscript.
Verse 3.14.502
Sanskrit text, Unicode transliteration and English translation of verse 3.14.502:
उपमाने क्रियावृत्तिमुपमेये क्रियाश्रुतिः ।
प्रत्याययन्ती भेदस्य करोतीव पदार्थताम् ॥ ५०२ ॥upamāne kriyāvṛttimupameye kriyāśrutiḥ |
pratyāyayantī bhedasya karotīva padārthatām || 502 ||502. The mention of the verb in relation to the object of comparison makes known that the standard of comparison is an action and thus the word becomes expressive of a part.
Commentary
[In brāhmaṇavad adhīte Kṣattriyaḥ = the Kṣattriya studies like a brāhmaṇa, the action of studying, mentioned in relation to the kṣattriya indicates that the word brāhmaṇa stands for the act of studying. The relation of standard and object of comparison depends upon a common property and so here the action is common to both. Thus, the word expressive of the upamāna stands for a part. It is not that the verb mentioned in relation to the upameya expresses the action present in the upamāna, but from it we understand that the upamāna stands for an action.]