Vakyapadiya of Bhartrihari
by K. A. Subramania Iyer | 1965 | 391,768 words
The English translation of the Vakyapadiya by Bhartrihari including commentary extracts and notes. The Vakyapadiya is an ancient Sanskrit text dealing with the philosophy of language. Bhartrhari authored this book in three parts and propounds his theory of Sphotavada (sphota-vada) which understands language as consisting of bursts of sounds conveyi...
This book contains Sanskrit text which you should never take for granted as transcription mistakes are always possible. Always confer with the final source and/or manuscript.
Verse 2.38
Sanskrit text, Unicode transliteration and English translation of verse 2.38:
उपादायापि ये हेयास्तानुपायान् प्रचक्षते ।
उपायानां च नियमो नावश्यमवतिष्ठते ॥ ३८ ॥upādāyāpi ye heyāstānupāyān pracakṣate |
upāyānāṃ ca niyamo nāvaśyamavatiṣṭhate || 38 ||38. Means (upāyāḥ) are so called because they are first accepted (upādāya) and then abandoned (heyāḥ). And no fixity necessarily exists in regard to the means.
Commentary
[The Vṛtti points out that when correct forms are being taught in the Science of Grammar, as in the case of compounds, secondary derivatives, denominative verbs and ekaśeṣa, individual words are brought in for making analytical explanatory sentences. When the purpose of teaching their correct form is achieved, these individual words are abandoned. Similarly, some rules relating to accent (such as P. 8.2.4, 5, 6; P. 6.2.2,65) teach correct forms of words on the assumption that there are individual words in compounds or sentences, that they have their own meaning and that they come in a certain order.
All this has to be understood in order to grasp the correctness of the forms in question. Once that is done, the rest is forgotten.]