Vaisheshika-sutra with Commentary
by Nandalal Sinha | 1923 | 149,770 words | ISBN-13: 9789332869165
The Vaisheshika-sutra 6.2.4, English translation, including commentaries such as the Upaskara of Shankara Mishra, the Vivriti of Jayanarayana-Tarkapanchanana and the Bhashya of Chandrakanta. The Vaisheshika Sutras teaches the science freedom (moksha-shastra) and the various aspects of the soul (eg., it's nature, suffering and rebirth under the law of karma). This is sutra 4 (‘upadha and anupadha explained’) contained in Chapter 2—Of the Production of Dharma and A-dharma—of Book VI (of the investigation of dharma and a-dharma.).
Sūtra 6.2.4 (Upadhā and anupadhā explained)
Sanskrit text, Unicode transliteration, Word-for-word and English translation of Vaiśeṣika sūtra 6.2.4:
भावदोष उपधादोषो ऽनुपधा ॥ ६.२.४ ॥
bhāvadoṣa upadhādoṣo 'nupadhā || 6.2.4 ||
bhāva-doṣaḥ—defect of feeling, impurity of emotion, or of the soul; upadhā—(ety) that which is placed, or settles, upon or near anything; Impurity. adoṣaḥ—non-defect; anupadhā—purity; Purity of emotion—or of the soul.
4. Upadhā or Impurity (denotes) impurity of emotion, or of the soul; anupadhā (denotes) purity.
Commentary: The Upaskāra of Śaṅkara Miśra:
(English rendering of Śaṅkara Miśra’s commentary called Upaskāra from the 15th century)
Distinguishing upadhā or impurity, and anupdhā or purity, as regards their characteristic, he says:
[Read sūtra 6.2.4 above]
Feeling, desire, attraction, inattention, unfaith, vanity, conceit, envy, and other impurities of the soul are denoted by the word upadhā or impurity. Faith, complacence of mind, perseverance in the performance of prescribed actions, determination of what should be done in particular situation, (or presence of mind), and certitude are called anupadhā or purity of the soul. The efficient causality of all these towards dharma and adharma, is here declared.—4.