Vaisheshika-sutra with Commentary
by Nandalal Sinha | 1923 | 149,770 words | ISBN-13: 9789332869165
The Vaisheshika-sutra 5.1.13, English translation, including commentaries such as the Upaskara of Shankara Mishra, the Vivriti of Jayanarayana-Tarkapanchanana and the Bhashya of Chandrakanta. The Vaisheshika Sutras teaches the science freedom (moksha-shastra) and the various aspects of the soul (eg., it's nature, suffering and rebirth under the law of karma). This is sutra 3 (‘non-volitional action in the body described’) contained in Chapter 1—Of Voluntary Action—of Book V (of investigation of action).
Sūtra 5.1.13 (Non-volitional action in the body described)
Sanskrit text, Unicode transliteration, Word-for-word and English translation of Vaiśeṣika sūtra 5.1.13:
यत्नाभावे प्रसुप्तस्य चलनम् ॥ ५.१.१३ ॥
yatnābhāve prasuptasya calanam || 5.1.13 ||
yatna-abhāve—in the absence of volition; prasuptasya—of the sleeping, Calanam, movement.
13. Movement of the sleeping (takes place) in the absence of volition.
Commentary: The Upaskāra of Śaṅkara Miśra:
(English rendering of Śaṅkara Miśra’s commentary called Upaskāra from the 15th century)
Now, he points out actions which take place without volition.
[Read sūtra 5.1.13 above]
The word ‘prasuptasya’ implies the state of absence of consciousness. Therefore, the movement caused by air in the unconscious state of a person in swoon, while living, should be observed here.—13.
Commentary: The Vivṛti of Jayanārāyaṇa:
(English extracts of Jayanārāyaṇa Tarkapañcānana’s Vivṛti or ‘gloss’ called the Kaṇādasūtravivṛti from the 17th century)
Even in the absence of volition caused by the desire, “I throw up,” etc., ‘movement’ of the body, i.e., action such as the sideward and upward movements of the limbs of a person ‘sleeping’ or attended with deep sleep, is produced. Therefore, a particular volition is not everywhere the cause. This is the import.