Mahabharata (English)

by Kisari Mohan Ganguli | 2,566,952 words | ISBN-10: 8121505933

The English translation of the Mahabharata is a large text describing ancient India. It is authored by Krishna-Dwaipayana Vyasa and contains the records of ancient humans. Also, it documents the fate of the Kauravas and the Pandavas family. Another part of the large contents, deal with many philosophical dialogues such as the goals of life. Book...

Section XVI

["Salya continued,]

"Vrihaspati said,

'You are the mouth, O Agni, of all the gods. You are the carrier of sacred offerings. You, like a witness, hast access to the inner souls of all creatures. The poets call you single, and again three-fold. O eater of burnt offerings, abandoned by you the Universe would forthwith cease to be. The Brahmanas by bowing to you, win with their wives and sons an eternal region, the reward of their own meritorious deeds. O Agni, it is you who art the bearer of sacred offerings. You, O Agni, art thyself the best offering. In a sacrificial ceremony of the supreme order, it is you that they worship with incessant gifts and offerings. O bearer of offerings, having created the three worlds, you when the hour comes, consumes them in your unkindled form. You are the mother of the whole Universe; and you again, O Agni, art its termination. The wise call you identical with the clouds and with the lightning; flames issuing from you, support all creatures. All the waters are deposited in you; so is this entire world. To you, O purifier, nothing is unknown in the three worlds. Every body takes kindly to his progenitor; do you enter the waters without fear. I shall render you strong with the eternal hymns of the Veda.

Thus glorified, the bearer of burnt offerings, that best of poets, well-pleased, spoke laudable words to Vrihaspati.

And he said,

'I shall show Indra to you. This I tell you for truth.'

"Salya continued,

'Then Agni entered the waters including seas and tiny ponds, and came to that reservoir, where, O best of Bharata’s race, while searching the lotus flowers, he saw the king of the gods lying within the fibres of a lotus-stalk. And soon coming back, he informed Vrihaspati how Indra had taken refuge in the fibres of a lotus-stalk, assuming a minute form. Then Vrihaspati, accompanied by the gods, the saints and the Gandharvas, went and glorified the slayer of Vala by referring to his former deeds.

And he said,

'O Indra, the great Asura Namuchi was killed by you; and those two Asuras also of terrible strength, viz., Samvara and Vala. Wax strong, O performer of a hundred sacrifices, and slay all your foes. Rise, O Indra! Behold, here are assembled the gods and the saints. O Indra, O great lord, by slaying Asuras, you have delivered the worlds. Having got the froth of waters, strengthened with Vishnu’s energy, you formerly slew Vritra. You are the refuge of all creatures and art adorable. There is no being equal to you. All the creatures, O Indra, are supported by you, You didst build the greatness of the gods. Deliver all, together with the worlds by assuming your strength, O great Indra.'

And thus glorified, Indra increased little by little; and having assumed his own form, he waxed strong and spoke to the preceptor Vrihaspati standing before.

And he said,

'What business of yours yet remaines; the great Asuras, son of Twashtri, has been killed; and Vritra also, whose form was exceedingly big and who destroyed the worlds.'

"Vrihaspati said,

'The human Nahusha, a king, having, obtained the throne of heaven by virtue of the power of the divine saints, is giving us exceeding trouble.'

"Indra said,

'How has Nahusha obtained the throne of heaven, difficult to get? What austerities did he practise? How great is his power, O Vrihaspati!'

"Vrihaspati said,

'The gods having been frightened, wished for a king of heaven, for you had given up the high dignity of heaven’s ruler. Then the gods, the Pitris of the universe, the saints, and the principal Gandharvas, all met together, O Indra, and went to Nahusha and said, 'Be you our king, and the defender of the Universe!'

To them said Nahusha,

'I am not able; fill me with your power and with the virtue of your austerities!'

So told, the deities strengthened him, O king of the gods! And thereupon Nahusha became a person of terrible strength, and becoming thus the ruler of the three worlds, he has put the great saints in harness, and the wretch is thus journeying from world to world. Mayst you never see Nahusha who is terrible. He emits poison from his eyes, and absorbs the energy of all. All the gods are exceedingly frightened; they go about concealed and do not cast a glance at him!'

"Salya continued,

'While that best of Angira’s race was thus speaking, there came that guardian of the world, Kuvera, and also Yama the son of Surya, and the old god Soma, and Varuna.

And arrived there they said to the great Indra,

'How lucky that the son of Twashtri has been killed, and Vritra also! How lucky, O Indra, that we are beholding you safe and sound, while all your enemies have been killed!'

Indra received all those guardians of the worlds, and with a glad heart greeted them in proper form with a view to requesting them in connection with Nahusha.

And he said,

'Nahusha of terrible mien is the king of the gods; therein lend me your assistance.'

They replied,

'Nahusha is of awful mien; his sight is poison; we are afraid of him, O God. If you overthrowest Nahusha, then we shall be entitled to our shares of sacrificial offerings, O Indra.'

Indra said,

'Let it be so. You and the ruler of the waters, and Yama, and Kuvera shall this day be crowned along with me. Aided by all the gods, let us overthrow the foe Nahusha of terrible gaze.'

Then Agni also said to Indra,

'Give me a share in sacrificial offerings. I also shall lend you my assistance.'

Indra said to him,

'O Agni, you also shalt get a share in great sacrifices,—there will be a single share (in such) for both Indra and Agni.'

"Salya continued,

'Thus did the illustrious lord Indra, the chastiser of Paka, the giver of boons, bestow, after deliberation upon Kuvera the sovereignty over the Yakshas, and all the wealth of the world; upon Yama, the sovereignty over the Pitris; and upon Varuna, that over the waters.

Conclusion:

This concludes Section XVI of Book 5 (Udyoga Parva) of the Mahabharata, of which an English translation is presented on this page. This book is famous as one of the Itihasa, similair in content to the eighteen Puranas. Book 5 is one of the eighteen books comprising roughly 100,000 Sanskrit metrical verses.

FAQ (frequently asked questions):

Which keywords occur in Section XVI of Book 5 of the Mahabharata?

The most relevant definitions are: Indra, Nahusha, Agni, Salya, Asura, Asuras; since these occur the most in Book 5, Section XVI. There are a total of 25 unique keywords found in this section mentioned 80 times.

What is the name of the Parva containing Section XVI of Book 5?

Section XVI is part of the Udyoga Parva which itself is a sub-section of Book 5 (Udyoga Parva). The Udyoga Parva contains a total of 41 sections while Book 5 contains a total of 4 such Parvas.

Can I buy a print edition of Section XVI as contained in Book 5?

Yes! The print edition of the Mahabharata contains the English translation of Section XVI of Book 5 and can be bought on the main page. The author is Kisari Mohan Ganguli and the latest edition (including Section XVI) is from 2012.

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