Chapter 352 - Narration of the finished forms of the substantives in the feminine

[Sanskrit text for this chapter is available]

Skanda said:

1-2. (The following are the forms of feminine nouns ending in ā): Ramā (Lakṣmī, consort of Viṣṇu), Rame, Ramāḥ (the three forms in the nominative) are auspicious. Ramāṃ, Rame, Ramāḥ (the three forms in the accusative), Ramayā, Ramābhyāṃ, Ramābhiḥ (tht three forms in the instrumental) (by Ramā) it was made imperishable. Ramāyai, Ramābhyāṃ (are the singular, dual dative). Ramāyāḥ, Ramayoḥ, Ramāṇāṃ (are the three forms in the genitive). Ramāyāṃ and Ramāsu (are the singular and plural forms of the locative). Kalā (fine arts) is similar.

3-4. (The following are also feminine): Jarā (old age), Jarasau or Jare, Jarasaḥ or Jarāḥ (are the forms in the nominative). Jarāṃ or Jarasaṃ (is the form in the accusative singular), Jarāsu (is the locative plural). Similarly (we have) Sarvā and Sarve (all) (in the nominative singular and dual). Sarvasyā (instrumental), give Sarvasyai (dative) (to all). Sarvasyāḥ (ablative), Sarvasyāḥ (and) Sarvayoḥ (genitive singular and dual). The other forms are like that of Rāma. (The following are always plural): Dve (two in the nominative), Dve (in the accusative) and Tisraḥ (three in the nominative) and Tisṛṇāṃ (in the genitive).

5-8. (The following are examples of substantives of the feminine ending in ‘i’): Buddhiḥ (intellect) (nominative), Buddhyā (instrumental), Buddhaya (dative) and Buddheḥ (ablative and genitive). (The vocative form of Mati, mind, is) He mate. (The word Muni) will have (the forms) like that of Kavi (poet): Munīnāṃ (genitive) (of the sages). (The following are the forms of the substantives of the feminine ending in i): Nadiḥ, Nadyau (singular and dual in the nominative). Nadīṃ, Nadīḥ {are the singular and plural in the accusative). Nadyā, Nadībhiḥ (are the singular and plural in the instrumental). Nadyai (is dative singular). Nadyāṃ and Nadīṣu (are the locative singular and plural). Similarly (we have the forms of) Kumārī (a young girl), Jṛmbhaṇī (yawn) etc. Śrīḥ [Śrī] (fortune), Śriyau, Śriyaḥ (are the three forms in the nominative). Śriyā (instrumental), Śriyai and Śriye (dative) (are the other forms). The following are the forms of the word Strī (woman): Strīṃ and Striyaṃ (in the nominative singular) and Strīḥ or Striyaḥ (in the plural), Striyā (instrumental), Striyai (dative), Striyāḥ and Strīṇāṃ (singular and plural in the genitive) and Striyām (locative singular). (Similarly) Grāmaṇyā (locative singular). (The forms of words ending in ‘u’ are): Dhenvā [Dhenu] (by a cow) and Dhenave (dative). (The following are examples for those ending in ‘ū’): Jambū (the rose apple), Jambvau (nominative singular and plural), Jambuḥ (accusative singular), Drink the fruits of the Jambu (genitive). Varṣābhvau (is the nominative dual of Varṣābhū, a female frog) and Punarbhavau (nominative dual of Punarbhū, a widow remarried). Mātṝḥ (is the accusative plural of Mātṛ, mother ending in ‘ṛ’). Gauḥ [Gau] (cow), Nauḥ [Nau] (boat) (are examples of words ending in ‘o’).

9-10. (Now we have examples for words ending in consonants): Vāk (speech) (nominative), Vācā, Vāgbhiḥ (instrumental singular and plural) and Vākṣu (locative plural) and Sragbhyāṃ (instrumental dual) and Sraji, Srajoḥ (locative singular and dual) (for the word Srak (garland). (The forms of the word Vidvat, learned, are) Vidvadbhyāṃ (dual in the instrumental, dative and ablative) and Vidvatsu (locative plural). (The following words ending in t take ī—ending): Bhavatī (respect form), Bhavantī (one who is becoming), Dīvyantī (shining) Bhātī (shining), Bhāntī (appearing), Tudantī (inflicting pain), Tudatī, Rudatī (crying), Rundhatī (obstructing), the Goddess Gṛhyatī (who is seizing or holding) and Corayantī (one that is stealing).

l1-12a. (The following are other examples of nouns ending in ‘t’): Dṛṣat (stone), Dṛṣadbhyāṃ (instrumental, dative and ablative dual), Dṛṣadi (locative) are the special models. Samit (twig), Samidbhyāṃ (instrumental, dative and ablative dual), Samidhi (locative) (are other examples). (The following are examples for words ending in ‘n’): Sīmā [Sīman] (boundary) (nominative), Sīmni or Sīmani (locative). Dāmanībhyāṃ (instrumental etc. from the word Dāman meaning a line or streak). Kakudbhyāṃ (from Kakud, summit). Kā (who) (is apronoun), Iyaṃ (this) (demonstrative pronoun) and Āsu (locative plural, in them).

12b-13. (The forms of the word Gīḥ [Gir], speech, are as follows): Gīrbhyāṃ (dual in instrumental, dative and ablative), Girā (instrumental) and Gīrṣu (locative plural). (The following are also feminine nouns): Subhūḥ [Subhū] (good land), Supūḥ [Supū] (good city), Purā (through a city), Puri (in a city). (The following are the forms of Dyo, heaven): Dyauḥ [Dyau], Dyubhyāṃ (dual, instrumental etc.), Divi (locative), Dyuṣu (plural). Tādṛśyā (by that kind) (instrumental). That kind of direction etc. Yādṛśyāṃ (in which kind), Yādṛśī (which kind) are similar. Suvacobhyāṃ [Suvacas] (with good words), Suvacaḥsu (locative). Asau (that, nominative), Amūṃ (accusative), Amūḥ (plural), Amūbhiḥ (instrumental plural), Amuyā (instrumental singular) and Amuyoḥ (genitive and locative dual) (are the forms of Adas in the feminine).