Sahitya-kaumudi by Baladeva Vidyabhushana

by Gaurapada Dāsa | 2015 | 234,703 words

Baladeva Vidyabhusana’s Sahitya-kaumudi covers all aspects of poetical theory except the topic of dramaturgy. All the definitions of poetical concepts are taken from Mammata’s Kavya-prakasha, the most authoritative work on Sanskrit poetical rhetoric. Baladeva Vidyabhushana added the eleventh chapter, where he expounds additional ornaments from Visv...

क्रमेणोदाहरणम्,

krameṇodāharaṇam,

Examples are shown in order. [Here, although the contents are vast, the container exceeds it:]

babhau vrajeśorasi yā murārer nīlotpalālī-dala-mālikeva |
tanau mamus tatra kathaṃ guṇās te sahasra-vakreṇa hi ye’py agaṇyāḥ ||

babhau—shone; vraja-īśa—of Nanda (“the chief of Vraja”); urasi—on the chest; —which [body]; murāreḥ—of Murāri; nīla-utpala—of blue water lilies; ālī—of a series; dala—of petals; mālikā—a garland (or a series); iva—like; tanau—in the body; mamuḥ—they were measured (they had a measurement); tatra—in that [body]; katham—how?; guṇāḥ—qualities; te—those; sahasra-vakreṇa—by Śeṣa (“he has a thousand mouths”); hi—because; ye—which [qualities]; api—even; agaṇyāḥ—uncountable.

On Nanda’s chest, Murāri’s body is resplendent like a mass of blue lotus petals. How can His qualities, which even thousand-mouthed Śeṣa cannot count, fit in such a body? (Govinda-līlāmṛta 17.12)

atrādheya-bhūtānāṃ guṇānāṃ mahatve’py ādhāra-bhūtāyās tanos tato’pi mahatvaṃ vivakṣyate.

In this example, although the qualities, the contents, are vast, what is meant to be expressed is that the body, the container, is vaster than them.

Commentary:

This is Kavikarṇapūra’s example of the vastness of the container:

aho te manasaḥ su-bhru viśālatvam idaṃ mahat |
trilokyāṃ yo na māty eṣa yatra māti ramā-patiḥ ||

“Girl with beautiful eyebrows, you have such a big heart. How wonderful! Kṛṣṇa does not fit in the three worlds, yet He fits in your heart” (Alaṅkāra-kaustubha 8.262).

Here, although the contained (Kṛṣṇa) is vast, the container (her heart) exceeds it.

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