Sahitya-kaumudi by Baladeva Vidyabhushana

by Gaurapada Dāsa | 2015 | 234,703 words

Baladeva Vidyabhusana’s Sahitya-kaumudi covers all aspects of poetical theory except the topic of dramaturgy. All the definitions of poetical concepts are taken from Mammata’s Kavya-prakasha, the most authoritative work on Sanskrit poetical rhetoric. Baladeva Vidyabhushana added the eleventh chapter, where he expounds additional ornaments from Visv...

ध्वनिः पिकानां मधुरोऽप्य् अभूत् कटुः शीतोऽपि दाहं तनुते स्म मारुतः ।
सुकोमलोऽप्य् अच्युत पुष्प-कन्दुको भवद्-वियोगे पविर् एव सुभ्रुवः ॥

dhvaniḥ pikānāṃ madhuro'py abhūt kaṭuḥ śīto'pi dāhaṃ tanute sma mārutaḥ |
sukomalo'py acyuta puṣpa-kanduko bhavad-viyoge pavir eva subhruvaḥ ||

dhvaniḥ—the sound; pikānām—of cuckoos; madhuraḥ—sweet; api—although; abhūt—was; kaṭuḥ—acrid; śītaḥ—cool; api—although; dāham—conflagration; tanute—makes; sma—(a particle expressive of the past tense); mārutaḥ—the wind; su-komalaḥ—very soft; api—although; acyuta—O Acyuta; puṣpa—of flowers; kandukaḥ—a pillow; bhavat—from You; viyoge—in separation; paviḥ—a thunderbolt; eva—only; su-bhruvaḥ—to the beautifulbrowed woman.

In separation from You, Acyuta, to that girl with beautiful brows the chirping of cuckoos, though sweet, was caustic; the wind, though cool, made a conflagration; and a flower pillow, though soft, was a thunderbolt.

atra madhura-śīla-sukomala-śabdā guṇa-vācinaḥ. kaṭu-dāha-paviśabdās tu kramād guṇa-kriyā-dravya-vācinaḥ.

Here, “caustic though sweet” is a contradiction between a quality and another quality; “although cool, it made a conflagration” is a contradiction between a quality and an action; and “a thunderbolt, although soft” is a contradiction between a unique thing and a quality.

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