Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 10.178.3
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
स॒द्यश्चि॒द्यः शव॑सा॒ पञ्च॑ कृ॒ष्टीः सूर्य॑ इव॒ ज्योति॑षा॒पस्त॒तान॑ । स॒ह॒स्र॒साः श॑त॒सा अ॑स्य॒ रंहि॒र्न स्मा॑ वरन्ते युव॒तिं न शर्या॑म् ॥
सद्यश्चिद्यः शवसा पञ्च कृष्टीः सूर्य इव ज्योतिषापस्ततान । सहस्रसाः शतसा अस्य रंहिर्न स्मा वरन्ते युवतिं न शर्याम् ॥
sadyaś cid yaḥ śavasā pañca kṛṣṭīḥ sūrya iva jyotiṣāpas tatāna | sahasrasāḥ śatasā asya raṃhir na smā varante yuvatiṃ na śaryām ||
English translation:
“He who has by his strength rapidly spread out the waters for the five castes like the sun by his light--thousand-yielding, hundred-bestowing is his course, like an unfailing arrow, none can stop it.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Arrow: Nirukta10.29: yuvatim śaryām = paryuvatīm śaramayam iṣum = a diving reed-made arrow
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): ariṣṭanemistārkṣyaḥ [ariṣṭanemistārkṣya];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): tārkṣyaḥ;
Chandas (meter): triṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
स॒द्यः । चि॒त् । यः । शव॑सा । पञ्च॑ । कृ॒ष्टीः । सूर्यः॑ऽइव । ज्योति॑षा । अ॒पः । त॒तान॑ । स॒ह॒स्र॒ऽसाः । श॒त॒ऽसाः । अ॒स्य॒ । रंहिः॑ । न । स्म॒ । व॒र॒न्ते॒ । यु॒व॒तिम् । न । शर्या॑म् ॥
सद्यः । चित् । यः । शवसा । पञ्च । कृष्टीः । सूर्यःइव । ज्योतिषा । अपः । ततान । सहस्रसाः । शतसाः । अस्य । रंहिः । न । स्म । वरन्ते । युवतिम् । न । शर्याम् ॥
sadyaḥ | cit | yaḥ | śavasā | pañca | kṛṣṭīḥ | sūryaḥ-iva | jyotiṣā | apaḥ | tatāna | sahasra-sāḥ | śata-sāḥ | asya | raṃhiḥ | na | sma | varante | yuvatim | na | śaryām
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 10.178.3 English analysis of grammar]
[adverb]
“immediately; just; daily; sadyas [word].”
[adverb]
“even; indeed.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“who; which; yat [pronoun].”
[noun], instrumental, singular, neuter
“strength; power; superiority.”
[noun], accusative, plural, feminine
“five; fifth; pañcan [word].”
[noun], accusative, plural, feminine
“people; citizenry.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“sun; Surya; sūrya [word]; right nostril; twelve; Calotropis gigantea Beng.; sūryakānta; sunlight; best.”
[adverb]
“like; as it were; somehow; just so.”
[noun], instrumental, singular, neuter
“light; star; luminosity; fire; jyotis [word]; digestion; planet; light; sunlight.”
[noun], accusative, plural, masculine
“water; body of water; water; ap [word]; juice; jala.”
[verb], singular, Perfect indicative
“expand; perform; cause; increase; write; spread; produce; spread; speak; propagate.”
[noun], neuter
“thousand; one-thousandth; sahasra [word].”
[noun], nominative, singular, feminine
“winning.”
[noun], neuter
“hundred; one-hundredth; śata [word].”
[noun], nominative, singular, feminine
“winning.”
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”
[noun], nominative, singular, feminine
“speed.”
[adverb]
“not; like; no; na [word].”
[adverb]
[verb], plural, Present indikative
“surround; accompany; cover; cover; obstruct; check; spread; envelop.”
[noun], accusative, singular, feminine
“girl; woman.”
[adverb]
“not; like; no; na [word].”
[noun], accusative, singular, feminine
“arrow.”