Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 10.131.3

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

न॒हि स्थूर्यृ॑तु॒था या॒तमस्ति॒ नोत श्रवो॑ विविदे संग॒मेषु॑ । ग॒व्यन्त॒ इन्द्रं॑ स॒ख्याय॒ विप्रा॑ अश्वा॒यन्तो॒ वृष॑णं वा॒जय॑न्तः ॥
नहि स्थूर्यृतुथा यातमस्ति नोत श्रवो विविदे संगमेषु । गव्यन्त इन्द्रं सख्याय विप्रा अश्वायन्तो वृषणं वाजयन्तः ॥
nahi sthūry ṛtuthā yātam asti nota śravo vivide saṃgameṣu | gavyanta indraṃ sakhyāya viprā aśvāyanto vṛṣaṇaṃ vājayantaḥ ||

English translation:

“The cart has not arrived in due season, nor does he acquire fame in battles, (let us), the sages,desiring cattle, desiring horses, desiring food, (solicit) Indra, the showerer, for his friendship.”

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): sukīrtiḥ kākṣīvataḥ [sukīrti kākṣīvata];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): virāṭtrisṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

न॒हि । स्थूरि॑ । ऋ॒तु॒ऽथा । या॒तम् । अस्ति॑ । न । उ॒त । श्रवः॑ । वि॒वि॒दे॒ । स॒म्ऽग॒मेषु॑ । ग॒व्यन्तः॑ । इन्द्र॑म् । स॒ख्याय॑ । विप्राः॑ । अ॒श्व॒ऽयन्तः॑ । वृष॑णम् । वा॒जऽय॑न्तः ॥
नहि । स्थूरि । ऋतुथा । यातम् । अस्ति । न । उत । श्रवः । विविदे । सम्गमेषु । गव्यन्तः । इन्द्रम् । सख्याय । विप्राः । अश्वयन्तः । वृषणम् । वाजयन्तः ॥
nahi | sthūri | ṛtu-thā | yātam | asti | na | uta | śravaḥ | vivide | sam-gameṣu | gavyantaḥ | indram | sakhyāya | viprāḥ | aśva-yantaḥ | vṛṣaṇam | vāja-yantaḥ

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 10.131.3 English analysis of grammar]

nahi

[adverb]

sthūry < sthūri

[noun], nominative, singular, neuter

ṛtuthā

[adverb]

“seasonably.”

yātam <

[verb noun], nominative, singular

“go; enter (a state); travel; disappear; reach; come; campaign; elapse; arrive; drive; reach; leave; run; depart; ride.”

asti < as

[verb], singular, Present indikative

“be; exist; become; originate; happen; result; be; dwell; be born; stay; be; equal; exist; transform.”

nota < na

[adverb]

“not; like; no; na [word].”

nota < uta

[adverb]

“and; besides; uta [indecl.]; similarly; alike; even.”

śravo < śravaḥ < śravas

[noun], nominative, singular, neuter

“fame; glory; ear.”

vivide < vid

[verb], singular, Perfect indicative

“find; detect; marry; get; think.”

saṃgameṣu < saṃgama

[noun], locative, plural, masculine

“confluence; sexual intercourse; contact; meeting; association; battle; harmony; rendezvous; coupling; sexual activity.”

gavyanta < gavyantaḥ < gavyat

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

indraṃ < indram < indra

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”

sakhyāya < sakhya

[noun], dative, singular, neuter

“friendship; aid; company.”

viprā < viprāḥ < vipra

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“Brahmin; poet; singer; priest; guru; Vipra.”

aśvāyanto < aśvāyantaḥ < aśvāyat

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

vṛṣaṇaṃ < vṛṣaṇam < vṛṣan

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“bull; Indra; stallion; Vṛṣan; man.”

vājayantaḥ < vājay < √vaj

[verb noun], nominative, plural

“incite.”

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