Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 10.129.4
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
काम॒स्तदग्रे॒ सम॑वर्त॒ताधि॒ मन॑सो॒ रेत॑: प्रथ॒मं यदासी॑त् । स॒तो बन्धु॒मस॑ति॒ निर॑विन्दन्हृ॒दि प्र॒तीष्या॑ क॒वयो॑ मनी॒षा ॥
कामस्तदग्रे समवर्तताधि मनसो रेतः प्रथमं यदासीत् । सतो बन्धुमसति निरविन्दन्हृदि प्रतीष्या कवयो मनीषा ॥
kāmas tad agre sam avartatādhi manaso retaḥ prathamaṃ yad āsīt | sato bandhum asati nir avindan hṛdi pratīṣyā kavayo manīṣā ||
English translation:
“In the beginning there was desire, which was the first seed of mind; sages having meditated in theirhearts have discovered by their wisdom the connexion of the existent with te non-existent.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Desire: i.e., in themind of the Supreme Being
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): prajāpatiḥ parameṣṭhī [prajāpati parameṣṭhī];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): bhāvavṛttam ;
Chandas (meter): triṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
कामः॑ । तत् । अग्रे॑ । सम् । अ॒व॒र्त॒त॒ । अधि॑ । मन॑सः । रेतः॑ । प्र॒थ॒मम् । यत् । आसी॑त् । स॒तः । बन्धु॑म् । अस॑ति । निः । अ॒वि॒न्द॒न् । हृ॒दि । प्र॒तीष्या॑ । क॒वयः॑ । म॒नी॒षा ॥
कामः । तत् । अग्रे । सम् । अवर्तत । अधि । मनसः । रेतः । प्रथमम् । यत् । आसीत् । सतः । बन्धुम् । असति । निः । अविन्दन् । हृदि । प्रतीष्या । कवयः । मनीषा ॥
kāmaḥ | tat | agre | sam | avartata | adhi | manasaḥ | retaḥ | prathamam | yat | āsīt | sataḥ | bandhum | asati | niḥ | avindan | hṛdi | pratīṣyā | kavayaḥ | manīṣā
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 10.129.4 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“wish; desire; sexual love; sexual desire; desire; Kama; sensuality; love; purpose; sexual arousal; pleasure; enjoyment; licentiousness; kāma [word]; sexual intercourse; thorn apple; wish.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
[noun], locative, singular, neuter
“tip; beginning; peak; end; front; top; beginning; battlefront; agra [word]; acme; fingertip; top; best; optimum; climax; matter; glans.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“sam; together; together; saṃ.”
[verb], singular, Imperfect
“behave; happen; exist; return; dwell; die; roll; continue; act; exist; feed on; issue; move; travel; proceed; turn; situate; drive; account for; begin; do; inhere; revolve.”
[adverb]
“on; from; accordingly.”
[noun], genitive, singular, neuter
“mind; Manas; purpose; idea; attention; heart; decision; manas [word]; manas [indecl.]; spirit; temper; intelligence.”
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“semen; sperm.”
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“first; prathama [word]; third; young; chief(a); best; antecedent.”
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“who; which; yat [pronoun].”
[verb], singular, Imperfect
“be; exist; become; originate; happen; result; be; dwell; be born; stay; be; equal; exist; transform.”
[verb noun], genitive, singular
“be; exist; become; originate; happen; result; be; dwell; be born; stay; be; equal; exist; transform.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“relative; bandhu [word]; association; friend; kin.”
[noun], locative, singular, masculine
“nonexistent; bad; wrong; wrong; asat [prefix]; dissident; fake.”
[adverb]
“niḥ; away; out; without.”
[verb], plural, Imperfect
“find; detect; marry; get; think.”
[noun], locative, singular, neuter
“heart; heart; mind; breast; hṛd [word].”
[verb noun]
“accept; search.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“poet; wise man; bard; Venus; Uśanas; kavi [word]; Kavi; prophet; guru; Brahma.”
[noun], instrumental, singular, feminine
“hymn; inspiration; idea; thinking; wish; consideration; intelligence.”