Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 10.120.3

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

त्वे क्रतु॒मपि॑ वृञ्जन्ति॒ विश्वे॒ द्विर्यदे॒ते त्रिर्भव॒न्त्यूमा॑: । स्वा॒दोः स्वादी॑यः स्वा॒दुना॑ सृजा॒ सम॒दः सु मधु॒ मधु॑ना॒भि यो॑धीः ॥
त्वे क्रतुमपि वृञ्जन्ति विश्वे द्विर्यदेते त्रिर्भवन्त्यूमाः । स्वादोः स्वादीयः स्वादुना सृजा समदः सु मधु मधुनाभि योधीः ॥
tve kratum api vṛñjanti viśve dvir yad ete trir bhavanty ūmāḥ | svādoḥ svādīyaḥ svādunā sṛjā sam adaḥ su madhu madhunābhi yodhīḥ ||

English translation:

“To you all (worshippers) offer adoration, whether those propitiators be two or three. Combine thatwhich is sweeter than the sweet with sweetness, unite that honey with honey.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

The two or three refer to theyajamāna and his wife and child. (ardho vā eṣa ātmano yatpatnīḥ: Taittirīya Brāhmaṇa 3.3.3)

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): bṛhaddiva ātharvaṇaḥ [bṛhaddiva ātharvaṇa];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): pādanicṛttriṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

त्वे इति॑ । क्रतु॑म् । अपि॑ । वृ॒ञ्ज॒न्ति॒ । विश्वे॑ । द्विः । यत् । ए॒ते । त्रिः । भव॑न्ति । ऊमाः॑ । स्वा॒दोः । स्वादी॑यः । स्वा॒दुना॑ । सृ॒ज॒ । सम् । अ॒दः । सु । मधु॑ । मधु॑ना । अ॒भि । यो॒धीः॒ ॥
त्वे इति । क्रतुम् । अपि । वृञ्जन्ति । विश्वे । द्विः । यत् । एते । त्रिः । भवन्ति । ऊमाः । स्वादोः । स्वादीयः । स्वादुना । सृज । सम् । अदः । सु । मधु । मधुना । अभि । योधीः ॥
tve iti | kratum | api | vṛñjanti | viśve | dviḥ | yat | ete | triḥ | bhavanti | ūmāḥ | svādoḥ | svādīyaḥ | svādunā | sṛja | sam | adaḥ | su | madhu | madhunā | abhi | yodhīḥ

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 10.120.3 English analysis of grammar]

tve < tvad

[noun], locative, singular

“you.”

kratum < kratu

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“yajña; decision; plan; deliberation; intelligence; Kratu; will; kratu [word]; desire; resoluteness; ritual.”

api

[adverb]

“besides; even; surely; though; furthermore; among; contrastingly; assuredly.”

vṛñjanti < vṛj

[verb], plural, Present indikative

viśve < viśva

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“all(a); whole; complete; each(a); viśva [word]; completely; wholly.”

dvir < dvis

[adverb]

“twice; dvis [word].”

yad < yat

[adverb]

“once [when]; because; that; if; how.”

ete < etad

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); etad [word].”

trir < tris

[adverb]

“thrice; tris [word].”

bhavanty < bhavanti < bhū

[verb], plural, Present indikative

“become; be; originate; transform; happen; result; exist; be born; be; be; come to life; grow; elapse; come to mind; thrive; become; impend; show; conceive; understand; stand; constitute; serve; apply; behave.”

ūmāḥ < ūma

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“assistant.”

svādoḥ < svādu

[noun], ablative, singular, neuter

“Madhura; sweet; sweet; dainty; agreeable.”

svādīyaḥ < svādīyas

[noun], accusative, singular, neuter

svādunā < svādu

[noun], instrumental, singular, neuter

“Madhura; sweet; sweet; dainty; agreeable.”

sṛjā < sṛja < sṛj

[verb], singular, Present imperative

“create; shoot; discharge; free; cause; throw; emit; send; produce; use; be born; make.”

sam

[adverb]

“sam; together; together; saṃ.”

adaḥ < adas

[noun], accusative, singular, neuter

“that; John Doe; yonder; from here.”

su

[adverb]

“very; well; good; nicely; beautiful; su; early; quite.”

madhu

[noun], accusative, singular, neuter

“sweet; deft.”

madhunābhi < madhunā < madhu

[noun], instrumental, singular, neuter

“sweet; deft.”

madhunābhi < abhi

[adverb]

“towards; on.”

yodhīḥ < yudh

[verb], singular, Aorist inj. (proh.)

“fight; overcome.”

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