Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 10.109.2
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
सोमो॒ राजा॑ प्रथ॒मो ब्र॑ह्मजा॒यां पुन॒: प्राय॑च्छ॒दहृ॑णीयमानः । अ॒न्व॒र्ति॒ता वरु॑णो मि॒त्र आ॑सीद॒ग्निर्होता॑ हस्त॒गृह्या नि॑नाय ॥
सोमो राजा प्रथमो ब्रह्मजायां पुनः प्रायच्छदहृणीयमानः । अन्वर्तिता वरुणो मित्र आसीदग्निर्होता हस्तगृह्या निनाय ॥
somo rājā prathamo brahmajāyām punaḥ prāyacchad ahṛṇīyamānaḥ | anvartitā varuṇo mitra āsīd agnir hotā hastagṛhyā nināya ||
English translation:
“First, the royal Soma, without being ashamed, restored Brahmā's wife (to Bṛhaspati), Varuṇa wasthe inviter, and Mitra, Agni as the ministrant priest taking her by the hand, led her (to her husband).”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Varuṇa wasthe inviter: he was the rejoicer of the Soma: somam anumodayitā; or, he showed pity, saying, always take her towife
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): juhūrbrahmajāyā, ūrdhvanābhā vā brāhmaḥ [juhūrbrahmajāyā, ūrdhvanābhā vā brāhma];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): viśvedevā:;
Chandas (meter): triṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
सोमः॑ । राजा॑ । प्र॒थ॒मः । ब्र॒ह्म॒ऽजा॒याम् । पुन॒रिति॑ । प्र । अ॒य॒च्छ॒त् । अहृ॑णीयमानः । अ॒नु॒ऽअ॒र्ति॒ता । वरु॑णः । मि॒त्रः । आ॒सी॒त् । अ॒ग्निः । होता॑ । ह॒स्त॒ऽगृह्य॑ । आ । नि॒ना॒य॒ ॥
सोमः । राजा । प्रथमः । ब्रह्मजायाम् । पुनरिति । प्र । अयच्छत् । अहृणीयमानः । अनुअर्तिता । वरुणः । मित्रः । आसीत् । अग्निः । होता । हस्तगृह्य । आ । निनाय ॥
somaḥ | rājā | prathamaḥ | brahma-jāyām | punariti | pra | ayacchat | ahṛṇīyamānaḥ | anu-artitā | varuṇaḥ | mitraḥ | āsīt | agniḥ | hotā | hasta-gṛhya | ā | nināya
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 10.109.2 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“Soma; moon; soma [word]; Candra.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“king; Kshatriya; rājan [word]; best; rājāvarta; Yakṣa.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“first; prathama [word]; third; young; chief(a); best; antecedent.”
[noun], masculine
“Brahma; Brahmin; dhak; Brahman; brahman [word]; Brahman; Brahmin; Brahmapurāṇa; Vishnu; Brihaspati.”
[noun], accusative, singular, feminine
“wife; jāyā [word].”
[adverb]
“again; further; now; over and over; subsequently; repeatedly; however; besides.”
[verb], singular, Imperfect
“give; emit; send; transmit.”
[adverb]
“not; akāra; a [taddhita]; a [word]; a; a.”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“Varuna; varuṇa [word]; Crataeva religiosa Forst.; Varuṇa; varuṇādi.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“friend; Mitra; mitra [word]; sun; ally.”
[verb], singular, Imperfect
“be; exist; become; originate; happen; result; be; dwell; be born; stay; be; equal; exist; transform.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“fire; Agni; sacrificial fire; digestion; cautery; Plumbago zeylanica; fire; vahni; agni [word]; agnikarman; gold; three; jāraṇa; pyre; fireplace; heating.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“Hotṛ.”
[noun], masculine
“hand; hand; proboscis; hasta [word]; autograph.”
[verb noun]
“take; grasp; take out; extract; perceive; pick; assume; include; accept; understand; use; learn; possess; keep; choose; accept; afflict; suck; paralyze; mention; mistake; eat; wear; embrace; fill into; capture; eclipse; get; collect; hand down; marry; heed; touch.”
[verb], singular, Perfect indicative
“bring; lead; spend; decant; enter (a state); remove; take out; take away; enforce; marry; carry; fill into; bring; learn; go out; add.”