Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 10.103.13

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

प्रेता॒ जय॑ता नर॒ इन्द्रो॑ व॒: शर्म॑ यच्छतु । उ॒ग्रा व॑: सन्तु बा॒हवो॑ऽनाधृ॒ष्या यथास॑थ ॥
प्रेता जयता नर इन्द्रो वः शर्म यच्छतु । उग्रा वः सन्तु बाहवोऽनाधृष्या यथासथ ॥
pretā jayatā nara indro vaḥ śarma yacchatu | ugrā vaḥ santu bāhavo 'nādhṛṣyā yathāsatha ||

English translation:

“Advance, warriors, and conquer; may Indra grant you happiness, may your arms be strong, so that youmay be invincible.”

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): apratiratha aindraḥ [apratiratha aindra];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indro maruto vā ;
Chandas (meter): virāḍanuṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

प्र । इ॒त॒ । जय॑त । न॒रः॒ । इन्द्रः॑ । वः॒ । शर्म॑ । य॒च्छ॒तु॒ । उ॒ग्राः । वः॒ । स॒न्तु॒ । बा॒हवः॑ । अ॒ना॒धृ॒ष्याः । यथा॑ । अस॑थ ॥
प्र । इत । जयत । नरः । इन्द्रः । वः । शर्म । यच्छतु । उग्राः । वः । सन्तु । बाहवः । अनाधृष्याः । यथा । असथ ॥
pra | ita | jayata | naraḥ | indraḥ | vaḥ | śarma | yacchatu | ugrāḥ | vaḥ | santu | bāhavaḥ | anādhṛṣyāḥ | yathā | asatha

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 10.103.13 English analysis of grammar]

pretā < preta < pre < √i

[verb], plural, Present imperative

“die; proceed; advance; continue; begin; depart.”

jayatā < jayata < ji

[verb], plural, Present imperative

“overcome; cure; win; conquer; control; win; succeed; remove; beat; govern; surpass; suppress.”

nara < naraḥ < nṛ

[noun], vocative, plural, masculine

“man; man; nṛ [word]; crew; masculine.”

indro < indraḥ < indra

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”

vaḥ < tvad

[noun], dative, plural

“you.”

śarma < śarman

[noun], accusative, singular, neuter

“protection; protective covering; refuge; joy.”

yacchatu < yam

[verb], singular, Present imperative

“concentrate; grant; restrain; cause; control; offer; cover; raise.”

ugrā < ugrāḥ < ugra

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“powerful; awful; dangerous; intense; mighty; potent; colicky; atrocious.”

vaḥ < tvad

[noun], genitive, plural

“you.”

santu < as

[verb], plural, Present imperative

“be; exist; become; originate; happen; result; be; dwell; be born; stay; be; equal; exist; transform.”

bāhavo < bāhavaḥ < bāhu

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“arm; bāhu [word]; elbow; forefoot.”

'nādhṛṣyā < anādhṛṣyāḥ < anādhṛṣya

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“invincible.”

yathāsatha < yathā

[adverb]

“equally; as; so that; like; how; yathā [word]; that; wherein.”

yathāsatha < asatha < as

[verb], plural, Present conjunctive (subjunctive)

“be; exist; become; originate; happen; result; be; dwell; be born; stay; be; equal; exist; transform.”

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