Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 10.101.2

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

म॒न्द्रा कृ॑णुध्वं॒ धिय॒ आ त॑नुध्वं॒ नाव॑मरित्र॒पर॑णीं कृणुध्वम् । इष्कृ॑णुध्व॒मायु॒धारं॑ कृणुध्वं॒ प्राञ्चं॑ य॒ज्ञं प्र ण॑यता सखायः ॥
मन्द्रा कृणुध्वं धिय आ तनुध्वं नावमरित्रपरणीं कृणुध्वम् । इष्कृणुध्वमायुधारं कृणुध्वं प्राञ्चं यज्ञं प्र णयता सखायः ॥
mandrā kṛṇudhvaṃ dhiya ā tanudhvaṃ nāvam aritraparaṇīṃ kṛṇudhvam | iṣkṛṇudhvam āyudhāraṃ kṛṇudhvam prāñcaṃ yajñam pra ṇayatā sakhāyaḥ ||

English translation:

“Construct exhilarating (hymns), spread forth praises, construct the ship which is propelled by oars,prepare your weapons, make ready, lead forth, O friends, the herald, the adorable (Agni).”

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): budhaḥ saumyaḥ [budha saumya];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): viśve devā ṛtvijo vā ;
Chandas (meter): triṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

म॒न्द्रा । कृ॒णु॒ध्व॒म् । धियः॑ । आ । त॒नु॒ध्व॒म् । नाव॑म् । अ॒रि॒त्र॒ऽपर॑णीम् । कृ॒णु॒ध्व॒म् । इष्कृ॑णुध्वम् । आयु॒धा । अर॑म् । कृ॒णु॒ध्व॒म् । प्राञ्च॑म् । य॒ज्ञम् । प्र । न॒य॒त॒ । स॒खा॒यः॒ ॥
मन्द्रा । कृणुध्वम् । धियः । आ । तनुध्वम् । नावम् । अरित्रपरणीम् । कृणुध्वम् । इष्कृणुध्वम् । आयुधा । अरम् । कृणुध्वम् । प्राञ्चम् । यज्ञम् । प्र । नयत । सखायः ॥
mandrā | kṛṇudhvam | dhiyaḥ | ā | tanudhvam | nāvam | aritra-paraṇīm | kṛṇudhvam | iṣkṛṇudhvam | āyudhā | aram | kṛṇudhvam | prāñcam | yajñam | pra | nayata | sakhāyaḥ

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 10.101.2 English analysis of grammar]

mandrā < mandra

[noun], accusative, plural, feminine

“pleasant; eloquent; dulcet.”

kṛṇudhvaṃ < kṛṇudhvam < kṛ

[verb], plural, Present imperative

“make; perform; cause; produce; shape; construct; do; put; fill into; use; fuel; transform; bore; act; write; create; prepare; administer; dig; prepare; treat; take effect; add; trace; put on; process; treat; heed; hire; act; produce; assume; eat; ignite; chop; treat; obey; manufacture; appoint; evacuate; choose; understand; insert; happen; envelop; weigh; observe; practice; lend; bring; duplicate; plant; kṛ; concentrate; mix; knot; join; take; provide; utter; compose.”

dhiya < dhiyaḥ < dhī

[noun], accusative, plural, feminine

“intelligence; prayer; mind; insight; idea; hymn; purpose; art; knowledge.”

ā

[adverb]

“towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”

tanudhvaṃ < tanudhvam < tan

[verb], plural, Present imperative

“expand; perform; cause; increase; write; spread; produce; spread; speak; propagate.”

nāvam < nau

[noun], accusative, singular, feminine

“ship; boat; nau [word].”

aritraparaṇīṃ < aritra

[noun], neuter

“oar.”

aritraparaṇīṃ < paraṇīm < paraṇa

[noun], accusative, singular, feminine

kṛṇudhvam < kṛ

[verb], plural, Present imperative

“make; perform; cause; produce; shape; construct; do; put; fill into; use; fuel; transform; bore; act; write; create; prepare; administer; dig; prepare; treat; take effect; add; trace; put on; process; treat; heed; hire; act; produce; assume; eat; ignite; chop; treat; obey; manufacture; appoint; evacuate; choose; understand; insert; happen; envelop; weigh; observe; practice; lend; bring; duplicate; plant; kṛ; concentrate; mix; knot; join; take; provide; utter; compose.”

iṣkṛṇudhvam < iṣkṛ < √kṛ

[verb], plural, Present imperative

“prepare.”

āyudhāraṃ < āyudhā < āyudha

[noun], accusative, plural, neuter

“weapon; āyudha [word].”

āyudhāraṃ < aram

[adverb]

kṛṇudhvam < kṛ

[verb], plural, Present imperative

“make; perform; cause; produce; shape; construct; do; put; fill into; use; fuel; transform; bore; act; write; create; prepare; administer; dig; prepare; treat; take effect; add; trace; put on; process; treat; heed; hire; act; produce; assume; eat; ignite; chop; treat; obey; manufacture; appoint; evacuate; choose; understand; insert; happen; envelop; weigh; observe; practice; lend; bring; duplicate; plant; kṛ; concentrate; mix; knot; join; take; provide; utter; compose.”

prāñcaṃ < prāñcam < prāñc

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“eastern; aforesaid(a); former(a); eastbound; easterly; anterior; forward; prāñc [word].”

yajñam < yajña

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“yajña; religious ceremony; Vishnu; yajña [word]; Yajña; Shiva.”

pra

[adverb]

“towards; ahead.”

ṇayatā < nayata <

[verb], plural, Present imperative

“bring; lead; spend; decant; enter (a state); remove; take out; take away; enforce; marry; carry; fill into; bring; learn; go out; add.”

sakhāyaḥ < sakhi

[noun], vocative, plural, masculine

“friend; companion; sakhi [word].”

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