Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 10.98.1

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

बृह॑स्पते॒ प्रति॑ मे दे॒वता॑मिहि मि॒त्रो वा॒ यद्वरु॑णो॒ वासि॑ पू॒षा । आ॒दि॒त्यैर्वा॒ यद्वसु॑भिर्म॒रुत्वा॒न्त्स प॒र्जन्यं॒ शंत॑नवे वृषाय ॥
बृहस्पते प्रति मे देवतामिहि मित्रो वा यद्वरुणो वासि पूषा । आदित्यैर्वा यद्वसुभिर्मरुत्वान्त्स पर्जन्यं शंतनवे वृषाय ॥
bṛhaspate prati me devatām ihi mitro vā yad varuṇo vāsi pūṣā | ādityair vā yad vasubhir marutvān sa parjanyaṃ śaṃtanave vṛṣāya ||

English translation:

“: Go, Bṛhaspati, on my behalf to the gods, whether you are Mitra, or Varuṇa, or Pūṣan, orassociated with the Ādityas, the Vasus, or the Maruts-- do you cause Parjanya to send down rain for Śantanu.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Legend from Nirukta 2.10: Devāpi and Śantanu were sons of Ṛṣṭiṣeṇa of the Kuru family; the youngerŚantanu became king, Devāpi chose a life of penance. In Śantanu's kingdom there was no rain for twelveyears-- the consequence of Śantanu having improperly assumed the government while his elder brother, themore legitimate rājā, was living. Śantanu desired to resign his authority, but Devāpi declined to accept thethrone, saying, "Let me be your Purohita and conduct your religious rites". The story is in Viṣṇu Purāṇa4.20.7; Ādi parva, Mahābhārata; Bhāgavata Purāṇa 9.22.14-17

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): devāpirārṣṭiṣeṇaḥ [devāpirārṣṭiṣeṇa];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): devāḥ ;
Chandas (meter): bhuriktriṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

बृह॑स्पते । प्रति॑ । मे॒ । दे॒वता॑म् । इ॒हि॒ । मि॒त्रः । वा॒ । यत् । वरु॑णः । वा॒ । अ॒सि॒ । पू॒षा । आ॒दि॒त्यैः । वा॒ । यत् । वसु॑ऽभिः । म॒रुत्वा॑न् । सः । प॒र्जन्य॑म् । शम्ऽत॑नवे । वृ॒ष॒य॒ ॥
बृहस्पते । प्रति । मे । देवताम् । इहि । मित्रः । वा । यत् । वरुणः । वा । असि । पूषा । आदित्यैः । वा । यत् । वसुभिः । मरुत्वान् । सः । पर्जन्यम् । शम्तनवे । वृषय ॥
bṛhaspate | prati | me | devatām | ihi | mitraḥ | vā | yat | varuṇaḥ | vā | asi | pūṣā | ādityaiḥ | vā | yat | vasu-bhiḥ | marutvān | saḥ | parjanyam | śam-tanave | vṛṣaya

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 10.98.1 English analysis of grammar]

bṛhaspate < bṛhaspati

[noun], vocative, singular, masculine

“Brihaspati; Jupiter; Bṛhaspati.”

prati

[adverb]

“towards; per; regarding; respectively; according to; until.”

me < mad

[noun], dative, singular

“I; mine.”

devatām < devatā

[noun], accusative, singular, feminine

“Hindu deity; Deva; deity; idol; devatā [word]; divinity; temple.”

ihi < i

[verb], singular, Present imperative

“go; travel; enter (a state); return; walk; continue; reach; ask.”

mitro < mitraḥ < mitra

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“friend; Mitra; mitra [word]; sun; ally.”

[adverb]

“or; optionally; either.”

yad < yat

[adverb]

“once [when]; because; that; if; how.”

varuṇo < varuṇaḥ < varuṇa

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“Varuna; varuṇa [word]; Crataeva religiosa Forst.; Varuṇa; varuṇādi.”

vāsi <

[adverb]

“or; optionally; either.”

vāsi < asi < as

[verb], singular, Present indikative

“be; exist; become; originate; happen; result; be; dwell; be born; stay; be; equal; exist; transform.”

pūṣā < pūṣan

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“Pushan; pūṣan [word]; sun.”

ādityair < ādityaiḥ < āditya

[noun], instrumental, plural, masculine

“sun; Aditya; Surya; āditya [word].”

[adverb]

“or; optionally; either.”

yad < yat

[adverb]

“once [when]; because; that; if; how.”

vasubhir < vasubhiḥ < vasu

[noun], instrumental, plural, masculine

“Vasu; Vasu; eight; vas; audbhida; Deva; sun; pāṃśuja; Agni.”

marutvān < marutvat

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“Marut(a).”

sa < tad

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”

parjanyaṃ < parjanyam < parjanya

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“cloud; Parjanya; Indra; nimbus.”

śantanave < śaṃtanu

[noun], dative, singular, masculine

“Śaṃtanu; Śaṃtanu.”

vṛṣāya < vṛṣāy < √vṛṣ

[verb], singular, Present imperative

“rain.”

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