Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 10.95.16

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

यद्विरू॒पाच॑रं॒ मर्त्ये॒ष्वव॑सं॒ रात्री॑: श॒रद॒श्चत॑स्रः । घृ॒तस्य॑ स्तो॒कं स॒कृदह्न॑ आश्नां॒ तादे॒वेदं ता॑तृपा॒णा च॑रामि ॥
यद्विरूपाचरं मर्त्येष्ववसं रात्रीः शरदश्चतस्रः । घृतस्य स्तोकं सकृदह्न आश्नां तादेवेदं तातृपाणा चरामि ॥
yad virūpācaram martyeṣv avasaṃ rātrīḥ śaradaś catasraḥ | ghṛtasya stokaṃ sakṛd ahna āśnāṃ tād evedaṃ tātṛpāṇā carāmi ||

English translation:

“When changed in form I wandered among mortals. I dwelt (with them) four delightful years. I ate oncea day a small quantity of butter; satisfied with that I now depart.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Delightful years: praramayitrīḥ = pūrayitrīḥ,i.e., satisfying; or, rātrīḥ: I spent my nights there during four years

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): urvaśī;
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): pururavā aiḷaḥ ;
Chandas (meter): pādanicṛttriṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

यत् । विऽरू॒पा । अच॑रम् । मर्त्ये॑षु । अव॑सम् । रात्रीः॑ । श॒रदः॑ । चत॑स्रः । घृ॒तस्य॑ । स्तो॒कम् । स॒कृत् । अह्नः॑ । आ॒श्ना॒म् । तात् । ए॒व । इ॒दम् । त॒तृ॒पा॒णा । च॒रा॒मि॒ ॥
यत् । विरूपा । अचरम् । मर्त्येषु । अवसम् । रात्रीः । शरदः । चतस्रः । घृतस्य । स्तोकम् । सकृत् । अह्नः । आश्नाम् । तात् । एव । इदम् । ततृपाणा । चरामि ॥
yat | vi-rūpā | acaram | martyeṣu | avasam | rātrīḥ | śaradaḥ | catasraḥ | ghṛtasya | stokam | sakṛt | ahnaḥ | āśnām | tāt | eva | idam | tatṛpāṇā | carāmi

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 10.95.16 English analysis of grammar]

yad < yat

[adverb]

“once [when]; because; that; if; how.”

virūpācaram < virūpā < virūpa

[noun], nominative, singular, feminine

“ugly; maimed; grotesque.”

virūpācaram < acaram < car

[verb], singular, Imperfect

“car; wander; perform; travel; bore; produce; make; dwell; dig; act; observe; enter (a state); observe; cause; crop; behave; practice; heed; process; administer.”

martyeṣv < martyeṣu < martya

[noun], locative, plural, masculine

“man; people; martya [word]; Earth.”

avasaṃ < avasam < vas

[verb], singular, Imperfect

“stay; dwell; get stale; be situated; exist; continue; bide.”

rātrīḥ < rātri

[noun], accusative, plural, feminine

“night; night; rātri [word]; turmeric; Rātri; day; night.”

śaradaś < śaradaḥ < śarad

[noun], accusative, plural, feminine

“fall; year; śarad [word].”

catasraḥ < catur

[noun], accusative, plural, feminine

“four; catur [word].”

ghṛtasya < ghṛta

[noun], genitive, singular, neuter

“ghee; fat.”

stokaṃ < stokam < stoka

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“drop; myrrh; morsel.”

sakṛd < sakṛt

[adverb]

“once; immediately; sakṛt [word]; abruptly.”

ahna < ahnaḥ < ahar

[noun], genitive, singular, neuter

“day; day; ahar [word]; day; day.”

āśnāṃ < āśnām <

[verb], singular, Imperfect

“eat; consume; chew; feed.”

tād < _ < √_

[?]

“_”

evedaṃ < evā < eva

[adverb]

“indeed; merely; thus; even; surely; same; eva [word]; successively; immediately; in truth.”

evedaṃ < idam

[noun], accusative, singular, neuter

“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”

tātṛpāṇā < tṛp

[verb noun], nominative, singular

“satiate; enjoy; delight.”

carāmi < car

[verb], singular, Present indikative

“car; wander; perform; travel; bore; produce; make; dwell; dig; act; observe; enter (a state); observe; cause; crop; behave; practice; heed; process; administer.”

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