Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 10.91.11
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
यस्तुभ्य॑मग्ने अ॒मृता॑य॒ मर्त्य॑: स॒मिधा॒ दाश॑दु॒त वा॑ ह॒विष्कृ॑ति । तस्य॒ होता॑ भवसि॒ यासि॑ दू॒त्य१॒॑मुप॑ ब्रूषे॒ यज॑स्यध्वरी॒यसि॑ ॥
यस्तुभ्यमग्ने अमृताय मर्त्यः समिधा दाशदुत वा हविष्कृति । तस्य होता भवसि यासि दूत्यमुप ब्रूषे यजस्यध्वरीयसि ॥
yas tubhyam agne amṛtāya martyaḥ samidhā dāśad uta vā haviṣkṛti | tasya hotā bhavasi yāsi dūtyam upa brūṣe yajasy adhvarīyasi ||
English translation:
“The mortal, Agni, who presents to you, the immortal, fuel at the offering of the oblation-- you are hisHotā, you go on his errant (to the gods), you direct (the ceremonial), you offer the sacrifice, you act as theofficiating priest.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
You direct: i.e., Agni is the Brāhman, the Yajamāna and the Adhvaryu
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): aruṇo vaitahavyaḥ [aruṇa vaitahavya];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): agniḥ ;
Chandas (meter): pādanicṛjjgatī ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
यः । तुभ्य॑म् । अ॒ग्ने॒ । अ॒मृता॑य । मर्त्यः॑ । स॒म्ऽइधा॑ । दाश॑त् । उ॒त । वा॒ । ह॒विःऽकृ॑ति । तस्य॑ । होता॑ । भ॒व॒सि॒ । यासि॑ । दू॒त्य॑म् । उप॑ । ब्रू॒षे॒ । यज॑सि । अ॒ध्व॒रि॒ऽयसि॑ ॥
यः । तुभ्यम् । अग्ने । अमृताय । मर्त्यः । सम्इधा । दाशत् । उत । वा । हविःकृति । तस्य । होता । भवसि । यासि । दूत्यम् । उप । ब्रूषे । यजसि । अध्वरियसि ॥
yaḥ | tubhyam | agne | amṛtāya | martyaḥ | sam-idhā | dāśat | uta | vā | haviḥ-kṛti | tasya | hotā | bhavasi | yāsi | dūtyam | upa | brūṣe | yajasi | adhvari-yasi
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 10.91.11 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“who; which; yat [pronoun].”
[noun], dative, singular
“you.”
[noun], vocative, singular, masculine
“fire; Agni; sacrificial fire; digestion; cautery; Plumbago zeylanica; fire; vahni; agni [word]; agnikarman; gold; three; jāraṇa; pyre; fireplace; heating.”
[noun], dative, singular, masculine
“immortal; amṛta; imperishable.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“man; people; martya [word]; Earth.”
[noun], instrumental, singular, feminine
“firewood; kindling; fuel; fire.”
[verb], singular, Present injunctive
“sacrifice; give.”
[adverb]
“and; besides; uta [indecl.]; similarly; alike; even.”
[adverb]
“or; optionally; either.”
[noun], locative, singular, masculine
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“Hotṛ.”
[verb], singular, Present indikative
“become; be; originate; transform; happen; result; exist; be born; be; be; come to life; grow; elapse; come to mind; thrive; become; impend; show; conceive; understand; stand; constitute; serve; apply; behave.”
[verb], singular, Present indikative
“go; enter (a state); travel; disappear; reach; come; campaign; elapse; arrive; drive; reach; leave; run; depart; ride.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
[adverb]
“towards; on; next.”
[verb], singular, Present indikative
“say; tell; describe; speak; state; answer; call; explain; address; proclaim; talk; talk; choose.”
[verb], singular, Present indikative
“sacrifice; worship; worship.”
[verb], singular, Present indikative
“sacrifice.”