Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 10.79.2

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

गुहा॒ शिरो॒ निहि॑त॒मृध॑ग॒क्षी असि॑न्वन्नत्ति जि॒ह्वया॒ वना॑नि । अत्रा॑ण्यस्मै प॒ड्भिः सं भ॑रन्त्युत्ता॒नह॑स्ता॒ नम॒साधि॑ वि॒क्षु ॥
गुहा शिरो निहितमृधगक्षी असिन्वन्नत्ति जिह्वया वनानि । अत्राण्यस्मै पड्भिः सं भरन्त्युत्तानहस्ता नमसाधि विक्षु ॥
guhā śiro nihitam ṛdhag akṣī asinvann atti jihvayā vanāni | atrāṇy asmai paḍbhiḥ sam bharanty uttānahastā namasādhi vikṣu ||

English translation:

“His head is deposited in a cavern; his eyes are wide apart; with his tongue he devours the woodwithout masticating; (the priests) approaching on food reverently offer him oblations among the people withuplifted hands.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

In a cavern: i.e., in the stomachs of men, referring to the fire of digestion;

Eyes = the sun andmoon

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): agniḥ saucīko, vaiśvānaro vā, saptirvā vājambharaḥ [agni saucīko, vaiśvānara vā, saptirvā vājambhara];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): agniḥ ;
Chandas (meter): virāṭtrisṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

गुहा॑ । शिरः॑ । निऽहि॑तम् । ऋध॑क् । अ॒क्षी इति॑ । असि॑न्वन् । अ॒त्ति॒ । जि॒ह्वया॑ । वना॑नि । अत्रा॑णि । अ॒स्मै॒ । प॒ट्ऽभिः । सम् । भ॒र॒न्ति॒ । उ॒त्ता॒नऽह॑स्ताः । नम॑सा । अधि॑ । वि॒क्षु ॥
गुहा । शिरः । निहितम् । ऋधक् । अक्षी इति । असिन्वन् । अत्ति । जिह्वया । वनानि । अत्राणि । अस्मै । पट्भिः । सम् । भरन्ति । उत्तानहस्ताः । नमसा । अधि । विक्षु ॥
guhā | śiraḥ | ni-hitam | ṛdhak | akṣī iti | asinvan | atti | jihvayā | vanāni | atrāṇi | asmai | paṭ-bhiḥ | sam | bharanti | uttāna-hastāḥ | namasā | adhi | vikṣu

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 10.79.2 English analysis of grammar]

guhā

[adverb]

“secretly.”

śiro < śiraḥ < śiras

[noun], nominative, singular, neuter

“head; top; peak; battlefront; śiras [word]; beginning; skull.”

nihitam < nidhā < √dhā

[verb noun], nominative, singular

“put; fill into; stow; insert; ignite; insert; add; put on; establish; keep down.”

ṛdhag < ṛdhak

[adverb]

“away; apart.”

akṣī < akṣi

[noun], nominative, dual, neuter

“eye; akṣi [word]; two.”

asinvann < asinvan < asinvat

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“insatiate.”

atti < ad

[verb], singular, Present indikative

“eat; devour.”

jihvayā < jihvā

[noun], instrumental, singular, feminine

“tongue; tongue; jihvā [word]; fire.”

vanāni < vana

[noun], accusative, plural, neuter

“forest; wood; tree; grove; vana [word]; forest; brush.”

atrāṇy < atrāṇi < atra

[noun], accusative, plural, neuter

“food.”

asmai < idam

[noun], dative, singular, masculine

“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”

paḍbhiḥ < pad

[noun], instrumental, plural, masculine

“foot; pad [word].”

sam

[adverb]

“sam; together; together; saṃ.”

bharanty < bharanti < bhṛ

[verb], plural, Present indikative

“bring; hold; fill; support; wear; possess; carry; nourish; keep; hire; have; satiate; follow; bear.”

uttānahastā < uttāna

[noun]

“supine; upward; upright; skin-deep; raised; shallow.”

uttānahastā < hastāḥ < hasta

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“hand; hand; proboscis; hasta [word]; autograph.”

namasādhi < namasā < namas

[noun], instrumental, singular, neuter

“adoration; court; namas [word]; bow; salute.”

namasādhi < adhi

[adverb]

“on; from; accordingly.”

vikṣu < viś

[noun], locative, plural, feminine

“people; tribe; Vaisya; national; viś; real property; Vaisya.”

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