Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 10.75.4
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
अ॒भि त्वा॑ सिन्धो॒ शिशु॒मिन्न मा॒तरो॑ वा॒श्रा अ॑र्षन्ति॒ पय॑सेव धे॒नव॑: । राजे॑व॒ युध्वा॑ नयसि॒ त्वमित्सिचौ॒ यदा॑सा॒मग्रं॑ प्र॒वता॒मिन॑क्षसि ॥
अभि त्वा सिन्धो शिशुमिन्न मातरो वाश्रा अर्षन्ति पयसेव धेनवः । राजेव युध्वा नयसि त्वमित्सिचौ यदासामग्रं प्रवतामिनक्षसि ॥
abhi tvā sindho śiśum in na mātaro vāśrā arṣanti payaseva dhenavaḥ | rājeva yudhvā nayasi tvam it sicau yad āsām agram pravatām inakṣasi ||
English translation:
“Like mothers crying for their sons, (the other rivers) hasten towards you, Sindhu, like cows with theirmilk; you lead your two wings like a king going to battle when you march in the van of the streams that aredescending (with you).”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Your two wings: your flowing combatants; or, wings of an army
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): sindhukṣitpraiyamedhaḥ [sindhukṣitpraiyamedha];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): nadyaḥ ;
Chandas (meter): jagatī ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
अ॒भि । त्वा॒ । सिन्धो॒ इति॑ । शिशु॑म् । इत् । न । मा॒तरः॑ । वा॒श्राः । अ॒र्ष॒न्ति॒ । पय॑साऽइव । धे॒नवः॑ । राजा॑ऽइव । युध्वा॑ । न॒य॒सि॒ । त्वम् । इत् । सिचौ॑ । यत् । आ॒सा॒म् । अग्र॑म् । प्र॒ऽवता॑म् । इन॑क्षसि ॥
अभि । त्वा । सिन्धो इति । शिशुम् । इत् । न । मातरः । वाश्राः । अर्षन्ति । पयसाइव । धेनवः । राजाइव । युध्वा । नयसि । त्वम् । इत् । सिचौ । यत् । आसाम् । अग्रम् । प्रवताम् । इनक्षसि ॥
abhi | tvā | sindho iti | śiśum | it | na | mātaraḥ | vāśrāḥ | arṣanti | payasāiva | dhenavaḥ | rājāiva | yudhvā | nayasi | tvam | it | sicau | yat | āsām | agram | pra-vatām | inakṣasi
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 10.75.4 English analysis of grammar]
[adverb]
“towards; on.”
[noun], accusative, singular
“you.”
[noun], vocative, singular, masculine
“river; Indus; sindhu [word].”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“child; young; baby; śiśu [word]; Śiśu; male child; fetus.”
[adverb]
“indeed; assuredly; entirely.”
[adverb]
“not; like; no; na [word].”
[noun], nominative, plural, feminine
“mother; mātṛkā; mātṛ [word]; parent; Salvinia cucullata Roxb.; Citrullus colocynthis Schrad.; cow.”
[noun], nominative, plural, feminine
[verb], plural, Present indikative
“run.”
[noun], instrumental, singular, neuter
“milk; milky juice; water; fluid; juice; payas [word]; drink.”
[adverb]
“like; as it were; somehow; just so.”
[noun], nominative, plural, feminine
“cow; dhenu [word]; milk.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“king; Kshatriya; rājan [word]; best; rājāvarta; Yakṣa.”
[adverb]
“like; as it were; somehow; just so.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“warlike; soldierly.”
[verb], singular, Present indikative
“bring; lead; spend; decant; enter (a state); remove; take out; take away; enforce; marry; carry; fill into; bring; learn; go out; add.”
[noun], nominative, singular
“you.”
[adverb]
“indeed; assuredly; entirely.”
[noun], accusative, dual, feminine
[adverb]
“once [when]; because; that; if; how.”
[noun], genitive, plural, feminine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“tip; beginning; peak; end; front; top; beginning; battlefront; agra [word]; acme; fingertip; top; best; optimum; climax; matter; glans.”
[noun], genitive, plural, feminine
“slope; river.”
[verb], singular, Present indikative
“wish.”