Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 10.74.2

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

हव॑ एषा॒मसु॑रो नक्षत॒ द्यां श्र॑वस्य॒ता मन॑सा निंसत॒ क्षाम् । चक्षा॑णा॒ यत्र॑ सुवि॒ताय॑ दे॒वा द्यौर्न वारे॑भिः कृ॒णव॑न्त॒ स्वैः ॥
हव एषामसुरो नक्षत द्यां श्रवस्यता मनसा निंसत क्षाम् । चक्षाणा यत्र सुविताय देवा द्यौर्न वारेभिः कृणवन्त स्वैः ॥
hava eṣām asuro nakṣata dyāṃ śravasyatā manasā niṃsata kṣām | cakṣāṇā yatra suvitāya devā dyaur na vārebhiḥ kṛṇavanta svaiḥ ||

English translation:

“The animating invocation of these (Aṅgirasas) pervaded heaven; (the gods) with minds desirous offood kissed the earth; and there beholding (the lost cattle), the gods for their own benefit made (illumination) likethe sun by their glorious radiance.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Kissed: arrived; the subject of niṃsata may be the Aṅgirasas, who were sentby Indra to point out where the cattle of the worshippers were

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): gaurivītiḥ [gaurivīti];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): nicṛttriṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

हवः॑ । ए॒षा॒म् । असु॑रः । न॒क्ष॒त॒ । द्याम् । श्र॒व॒स्य॒ता । मन॑सा । निं॒स॒त॒ । क्षाम् । चक्षा॑णाः । यत्र॑ । सु॒वि॒ताय॑ । दे॒वाः । द्यौः । न । वारे॑भिः । कृ॒णव॑न्त । स्वैः ॥
हवः । एषाम् । असुरः । नक्षत । द्याम् । श्रवस्यता । मनसा । निंसत । क्षाम् । चक्षाणाः । यत्र । सुविताय । देवाः । द्यौः । न । वारेभिः । कृणवन्त । स्वैः ॥
havaḥ | eṣām | asuraḥ | nakṣata | dyām | śravasyatā | manasā | niṃsata | kṣām | cakṣāṇāḥ | yatra | suvitāya | devāḥ | dyauḥ | na | vārebhiḥ | kṛṇavanta | svaiḥ

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 10.74.2 English analysis of grammar]

hava < have < hava

[noun], locative, singular, masculine

“invocation.”

eṣām < idam

[noun], genitive, plural, masculine

“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”

asuro < asuraḥ < asura

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“Asura; lord; asura [word]; sulfur.”

nakṣata < nakṣ

[verb], singular, Present injunctive

“reach; approach.”

dyāṃ < dyām < div

[noun], accusative, singular

“sky; Svarga; day; div [word]; heaven and earth; day; dawn.”

śravasyatā < śravasy

[verb noun], instrumental, singular

manasā < manas

[noun], instrumental, singular, neuter

“mind; Manas; purpose; idea; attention; heart; decision; manas [word]; manas [indecl.]; spirit; temper; intelligence.”

niṃsata < niṃs

[verb], singular, Imperfect

“kiss.”

kṣām < kṣā

[noun], accusative, singular, feminine

“Earth; Earth.”

cakṣāṇā < cakṣāṇāḥ < cakṣ

[verb noun], nominative, plural

“watch; look.”

yatra

[adverb]

“wherein; once [when].”

suvitāya < suvita

[noun], dative, singular, neuter

“prosperity; well-being.”

devā < devāḥ < deva

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“Deva; Hindu deity; king; deity; Indra; deva [word]; God; Jina; Viśvedevās; mercury; natural phenomenon; gambling.”

dyaur < dyauḥ < div

[noun], nominative, singular

“sky; Svarga; day; div [word]; heaven and earth; day; dawn.”

na

[adverb]

“not; like; no; na [word].”

vārebhiḥ < vāra

[noun], instrumental, plural, masculine

“time; day of the week; turn.”

kṛṇavanta < kṛ

[verb], plural, Present conjunctive (subjunctive)

“make; perform; cause; produce; shape; construct; do; put; fill into; use; fuel; transform; bore; act; write; create; prepare; administer; dig; prepare; treat; take effect; add; trace; put on; process; treat; heed; hire; act; produce; assume; eat; ignite; chop; treat; obey; manufacture; appoint; evacuate; choose; understand; insert; happen; envelop; weigh; observe; practice; lend; bring; duplicate; plant; kṛ; concentrate; mix; knot; join; take; provide; utter; compose.”

svaiḥ < sva

[noun], instrumental, plural, masculine

“own(a); respective(a); akin(p); sva [word]; individual; present(a); independent.”

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