Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 10.73.5

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

मन्द॑मान ऋ॒तादधि॑ प्र॒जायै॒ सखि॑भि॒रिन्द्र॑ इषि॒रेभि॒रर्थ॑म् । आभि॒र्हि मा॒या उप॒ दस्यु॒मागा॒न्मिह॒: प्र त॒म्रा अ॑वप॒त्तमां॑सि ॥
मन्दमान ऋतादधि प्रजायै सखिभिरिन्द्र इषिरेभिरर्थम् । आभिर्हि माया उप दस्युमागान्मिहः प्र तम्रा अवपत्तमांसि ॥
mandamāna ṛtād adhi prajāyai sakhibhir indra iṣirebhir artham | ābhir hi māyā upa dasyum āgān mihaḥ pra tamrā avapat tamāṃsi ||

English translation:

Indra rejoicing at the sacrifice accompanied by hisswift-moving riends (the Maruts, gave) wealth to thepeople; he has come with them against the Dasyu to destroy his illusions; he has scattered the dark rain-cloudsand the gloom.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Dark rain-clouds: tamrāḥ = causing to languish, i.e., by giving no rain; is this a plural y on the wordtāmra, copper?

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): gaurivītiḥ [gaurivīti];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): triṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

मन्द॑मानः । ऋ॒तात् । अधि॑ । प्र॒ऽजायै॑ । सखि॑ऽभिः । इन्द्रः॑ । इ॒षि॒रेभिः॑ । अर्थ॑म् । आ॒भिः॒ । हि । मा॒याः । उप॑ । दस्यु॑म् । आ । अगा॑त् । मिहः॑ । प्र । त॒म्राः । अ॒व॒प॒त् । तमां॑सि ॥
मन्दमानः । ऋतात् । अधि । प्रजायै । सखिभिः । इन्द्रः । इषिरेभिः । अर्थम् । आभिः । हि । मायाः । उप । दस्युम् । आ । अगात् । मिहः । प्र । तम्राः । अवपत् । तमांसि ॥
mandamānaḥ | ṛtāt | adhi | pra-jāyai | sakhi-bhiḥ | indraḥ | iṣirebhiḥ | artham | ābhiḥ | hi | māyāḥ | upa | dasyum | ā | agāt | mihaḥ | pra | tamrāḥ | avapat | tamāṃsi

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 10.73.5 English analysis of grammar]

mandamāna < mandamānaḥ < mad

[verb noun], nominative, singular

“rut; intoxicate; delight; revel; rejoice; drink; ramp; exult.”

ṛtād < ṛtāt < ṛta

[noun], ablative, singular, neuter

“truth; order; fixed order; ṛta [word]; law; custom; custom.”

adhi

[adverb]

“on; from; accordingly.”

prajāyai < prajā

[noun], dative, singular, feminine

“people; offspring; being; national; man; prajā [word]; creature; child; descendants; population; race; animal.”

sakhibhir < sakhibhiḥ < sakhī

[noun], instrumental, plural, feminine

“confidante; sakhī [word]; friend.”

indra < indraḥ < indra

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”

iṣirebhir < iṣirebhiḥ < iṣira

[noun], instrumental, plural, masculine

“vigorous; bracing; quick.”

artham < artha

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“for; meaning; purpose; sense; wealth; object of sense; matter; aim; money; message; object; artha [word]; wealth; function; content; topic; property; situation; reason; affair; concern; reason; enterprise; reason; cause; five; application; application.”

ābhir < ābhiḥ < idam

[noun], instrumental, plural, feminine

“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”

hi

[adverb]

“because; indeed; for; therefore; hi [word].”

māyā < māyāḥ < māyā

[noun], accusative, plural, feminine

“magic trick; Māyā; deception; illusion; māyā [word]; disguise; trick.”

upa

[adverb]

“towards; on; next.”

dasyum < dasyu

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“savage; outcast; mugger.”

āgān < āgāt < āgā < √gā

[verb], singular, Root aorist (Ind.)

“come; arrive.”

mihaḥ < mih

[noun], accusative, plural, feminine

“fog.”

pra

[adverb]

“towards; ahead.”

tamrā < tamrāḥ < tamra

[noun], accusative, plural, feminine

avapat < vap

[verb], singular, Imperfect

“sow; bestrew; strew; scatter.”

tamāṃsi < tamas

[noun], accusative, plural, neuter

“dark; darkness; Tamas; tamas [word]; faint; tamas; gloom; ignorance.”

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