Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 10.72.8

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

अ॒ष्टौ पु॒त्रासो॒ अदि॑ते॒र्ये जा॒तास्त॒न्व१॒॑स्परि॑ । दे॒वाँ उप॒ प्रैत्स॒प्तभि॒: परा॑ मार्ता॒ण्डमा॑स्यत् ॥
अष्टौ पुत्रासो अदितेर्ये जातास्तन्वस्परि । देवाँ उप प्रैत्सप्तभिः परा मार्ताण्डमास्यत् ॥
aṣṭau putrāso aditer ye jātās tanvas pari | devām̐ upa prait saptabhiḥ parā mārtāṇḍam āsyat ||

English translation:

“Eight sons (there were) of Āditya who were born from her body; she approached the gods withseven, she sent forth Mārtāṇḍa on high (Taittirīya Āraṇyaka 1.13.3)”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Eight sons: Mitra, Varuṇa, Dhātā,Aryaman, Aṃśa, Bhaga, Vivasvat and Āditya (the sun). Purāṇās made the Ādityas twelve in number;Sāyaṇa cites Taittirīya Saṃhitā 6.5.6.1

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): bṛhaspatirbṛhaspatirvā laukya aditirvā dākṣāyaṇī;
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): devāḥ ;
Chandas (meter): virāḍanuṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

अ॒ष्टौ । पु॒त्रासः॑ । अदि॑तेः । ये । जा॒ताः । त॒न्वः॑ । परि॑ । दे॒वान् । उप॑ । प्र । ऐ॒त् । स॒प्तऽभिः॑ । परा॑ । मा॒र्ता॒ण्डम् । आ॒स्य॒त् ॥
अष्टौ । पुत्रासः । अदितेः । ये । जाताः । तन्वः । परि । देवान् । उप । प्र । ऐत् । सप्तभिः । परा । मार्ताण्डम् । आस्यत् ॥
aṣṭau | putrāsaḥ | aditeḥ | ye | jātāḥ | tanvaḥ | pari | devān | upa | pra | ait | sapta-bhiḥ | parā | mārtāṇḍam | āsyat

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 10.72.8 English analysis of grammar]

aṣṭau < aṣṭan

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“eight; eighth; aṣṭan [word].”

putrāso < putrāsaḥ < putra

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“son; putra [word]; male child; Putra; Bodhisattva.”

aditer < aditeḥ < aditi

[noun], genitive, singular, feminine

“Aditi; aditi [word].”

ye < yad

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“who; which; yat [pronoun].”

jātās < jātāḥ < jan

[verb noun], nominative, plural

“become; originate; be born; transform; happen; result; grow; beget; produce; create; conceive; separate; cause; give birth; grow; produce; generate; be; become; arise; come on.”

tanvas < tanvaḥ < tanū

[noun], ablative, singular, feminine

“body; self; own(a); person; form.”

pari

[adverb]

“from; about; around.”

devāṃ < deva

[noun], accusative, plural, masculine

“Deva; Hindu deity; king; deity; Indra; deva [word]; God; Jina; Viśvedevās; mercury; natural phenomenon; gambling.”

upa

[adverb]

“towards; on; next.”

prait < pre < √i

[verb], singular, Imperfect

“die; proceed; advance; continue; begin; depart.”

saptabhiḥ < saptan

[noun], instrumental, plural, masculine

“seven; seventh.”

parā

[adverb]

“away.”

mārtāṇḍam < mārtāṇḍa

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“Surya; sun; bird.”

āsyat < as

[verb], singular, Imperfect

“shoot; remove.”

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