Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 10.66.8

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

धृ॒तव्र॑ताः क्ष॒त्रिया॑ यज्ञनि॒ष्कृतो॑ बृहद्दि॒वा अ॑ध्व॒राणा॑मभि॒श्रिय॑: । अ॒ग्निहो॑तार ऋत॒सापो॑ अ॒द्रुहो॒ऽपो अ॑सृज॒न्ननु॑ वृत्र॒तूर्ये॑ ॥
धृतव्रताः क्षत्रिया यज्ञनिष्कृतो बृहद्दिवा अध्वराणामभिश्रियः । अग्निहोतार ऋतसापो अद्रुहोऽपो असृजन्ननु वृत्रतूर्ये ॥
dhṛtavratāḥ kṣatriyā yajñaniṣkṛto bṛhaddivā adhvarāṇām abhiśriyaḥ | agnihotāra ṛtasāpo adruho 'po asṛjann anu vṛtratūrye ||

English translation:

“The (gods) observing obligations endowed with vigour, developers of sacrifice, possessed ofabundant brightness, the defenders of sacrifices, having Agni for their priest, enjoying truth, unassailable, setfree the waters at the combat with the Vṛtra.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Vigour: kṣatriyaḥ = of the kṣatriya clan; or, strong

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): vasukarṇo vāsukraḥ [vasukarṇa vāsukra];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): viśvedevā:;
Chandas (meter): virāḍjagatī ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

धृ॒तऽव्र॑ताः । क्ष॒त्रियाः॑ । य॒ज्ञ॒निः॒ऽकृतः॑ । बृ॒ह॒त्ऽदि॒वाः । अ॒ध्व॒राणा॑म् । अ॒भि॒ऽश्रियः॑ । अ॒ग्निऽहो॑तारः । ऋ॒त॒ऽसापः॑ । अ॒द्रुहः॑ । अ॒पः । अ॒सृज॒न् । अनु॑ । वृ॒त्र॒ऽतूर्ये॑ ॥
धृतव्रताः । क्षत्रियाः । यज्ञनिःकृतः । बृहत्दिवाः । अध्वराणाम् । अभिश्रियः । अग्निहोतारः । ऋतसापः । अद्रुहः । अपः । असृजन् । अनु । वृत्रतूर्ये ॥
dhṛta-vratāḥ | kṣatriyāḥ | yajñaniḥ-kṛtaḥ | bṛhat-divāḥ | adhvarāṇām | abhi-śri yaḥ | agni-hāotāraḥ | ṛta-sāpaḥ | adruhaḥ | apaḥ | asṛjan | anu | vṛtra-tūyer

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 10.66.8 English analysis of grammar]

dhṛtavratāḥ < dhṛta < dhṛ

[verb noun]

“keep; put; hold; assume; wear; take; promise; stay; exist; hold; begin; dip.”

dhṛtavratāḥ < vratāḥ < vrata

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“vrata (vote); commandment; law; oath; command; rule; custom; vrata [word]; rule; behavior.”

kṣatriyā < kṣatriyāḥ < kṣatriya

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“Kshatriya.”

yajñaniṣkṛto < yajña

[noun], masculine

“yajña; religious ceremony; Vishnu; yajña [word]; Yajña; Shiva.”

yajñaniṣkṛto < niṣkṛtaḥ < niṣkṛt

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

bṛhaddivā < bṛhat

[noun]

“large; great; loud; high; much(a); exalted; abundant; intensive; strong; huge.”

bṛhaddivā < divāḥ < diva

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“day; sky; Svarga.”

adhvarāṇām < adhvara

[noun], genitive, plural, masculine

“yajña; ceremony; adhvara [word].”

abhiśriyaḥ < abhiśrī

[noun], nominative, plural, feminine

agnihotāra < agni

[noun], masculine

“fire; Agni; sacrificial fire; digestion; cautery; Plumbago zeylanica; fire; vahni; agni [word]; agnikarman; gold; three; jāraṇa; pyre; fireplace; heating.”

agnihotāra < hotāraḥ < hotṛ

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“Hotṛ.”

ṛtasāpo < ṛtasāpaḥ < ṛtasāp

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

adruho < adruhaḥ < adruh

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“friendly; benign.”

'po < apaḥ < ap

[noun], accusative, plural, neuter

“water; body of water; water; ap [word]; juice; jala.”

asṛjann < asṛjan < sṛj

[verb], plural, Root aorist (Ind.)

“create; shoot; discharge; free; cause; throw; emit; send; produce; use; be born; make.”

anu

[adverb]

“subsequently; behind; along; towards; because.”

vṛtratūrye < vṛtratūrya

[noun], locative, singular, neuter

“battle.”

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