Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 10.60.3

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

यो जना॑न्महि॒षाँ इ॑वातित॒स्थौ पवी॑रवान् । उ॒ताप॑वीरवान्यु॒धा ॥
यो जनान्महिषाँ इवातितस्थौ पवीरवान् । उतापवीरवान्युधा ॥
yo janān mahiṣām̐ ivātitasthau pavīravān | utāpavīravān yudhā ||

English translation:

“Who, whether armed or unarmed with a sword, overcomes adversaries in fight, as (a lion destroys)buffaloes.”

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): bandhvādayo gaupāyanāḥ [bandhvādaya gaupāyanāḥ];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): asamātī rājā ;
Chandas (meter): gāyatrī;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

यः । जना॑न् । म॒हि॒षान्ऽइ॑व । अ॒ति॒ऽत॒स्थौ । पवी॑रवान् । उ॒त । अप॑वीरवान् । यु॒धा ॥
यः । जनान् । महिषान्इव । अतितस्थौ । पवीरवान् । उत । अपवीरवान् । युधा ॥
yaḥ | janān | mahiṣān-iva | ati-tasthau | pavīravān | uta | apavīravān | yudhā

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 10.60.3 English analysis of grammar]

yo < yaḥ < yad

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“who; which; yat [pronoun].”

janān < jana

[noun], accusative, plural, masculine

“people; national; man; relative; jan; Janaloka; person; jana [word]; man; attendant; Jana; foreigner; inhabitant; group.”

mahiṣāṃ < mahiṣa

[noun], accusative, plural, masculine

“Old World buffalo; Mahiṣa; Mahiṣa.”

ivātitasthau < iva

[adverb]

“like; as it were; somehow; just so.”

ivātitasthau < atitasthau < atiṣṭhā < √sthā

[verb], singular, Perfect indicative

pavīravān < pavīravat

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“armed.”

utāpavīravān < uta

[adverb]

“and; besides; uta [indecl.]; similarly; alike; even.”

utāpavīravān < a

[adverb]

“not; akāra; a [taddhita]; a [word]; a; a.”

utāpavīravān < pavīravān < pavīravat

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“armed.”

yudhā < yudh

[noun], instrumental, singular, feminine

“battle; fight; war; combat.”

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