Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 10.57.1

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

मा प्र गा॑म प॒थो व॒यं मा य॒ज्ञादि॑न्द्र सो॒मिन॑: । मान्त स्थु॑र्नो॒ अरा॑तयः ॥
मा प्र गाम पथो वयं मा यज्ञादिन्द्र सोमिनः । मान्त स्थुर्नो अरातयः ॥
mā pra gāma patho vayam mā yajñād indra sominaḥ | mānta sthur no arātayaḥ ||

English translation:

“Let us not depart, Indra, from the path; let us not (depart) from the sacrifice of the offerer of thelibation; let not our adversaries remain (in our plural ce).”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

A legend explains the origin of the sūkta: there were fourbrothers, purohitas of the rājā Asamāti: Bandhu, Subandhu, Śrutabandhu and Viprabandhu. The king havingdismissed them, appointed to others, Māgavins (magicians), at which the brothers being offended, instrumental tutedmagic ceremonies for the rājā's destruction; hearing of this, the Māgavins put Subandhu to death; on whichthe other three composed this sūkta for their own safety. The offerer of the libation: i.e., king Asamāti; or,taking sominaḥ as nominative plural, may we the offerers of the Soma not depart from the sacrifice

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): bandhuḥ subandhuḥ śrutabandhurviprabandhuśca gaupayānā laupayānā vā;
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): viśvedevā:;
Chandas (meter): gāyatrī;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

मा । प्र । गा॒म॒ । प॒थः । व॒यम् । मा । य॒ज्ञात् । इ॒न्द्र॒ । सो॒मिनः॑ । मा । अ॒न्तरिति॑ । स्थुः॒ । नः॒ । अरा॑तयः ॥
मा । प्र । गाम । पथः । वयम् । मा । यज्ञात् । इन्द्र । सोमिनः । मा । अन्तरिति । स्थुः । नः । अरातयः ॥
mā | pra | gāma | pathaḥ | vayam | mā | yajñāt | indra | sominaḥ | mā | antariti | sthuḥ | naḥ | arātayaḥ

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 10.57.1 English analysis of grammar]

[adverb]

“not.”

pra

[adverb]

“towards; ahead.”

gāma <

[verb], plural, Aorist inj. (proh.)

“go; enter (a state); arrive.”

patho < pathaḥ < pathin

[noun], ablative, singular, masculine

“way; road; path [word]; journey; method.”

vayam < mad

[noun], nominative, plural

“I; mine.”

[adverb]

“not.”

yajñād < yajñāt < yajña

[noun], ablative, singular, masculine

“yajña; religious ceremony; Vishnu; yajña [word]; Yajña; Shiva.”

indra

[noun], vocative, singular, masculine

“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”

sominaḥ < somin

[noun], genitive, singular, masculine

mānta <

[adverb]

“not.”

mānta < antar

[adverb]

“inside; in; antar [word]; midmost; between; among.”

sthur < sthuḥ < sthā

[verb], plural, Aorist inj. (proh.)

“stay; stand; situate; exist; [in]; resist; endure; put; soak; be; stop; adhere; get stale; concentrate; grow; trust; wake; consociate; last; dwell; lie; stand; stop.”

no < naḥ < mad

[noun], dative, plural

“I; mine.”

arātayaḥ < arāti

[noun], nominative, plural, feminine

“hostility; adversity; foe; envy; stinginess.”

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