Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 10.52.3
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
अ॒यं यो होता॒ किरु॒ स य॒मस्य॒ कमप्यू॑हे॒ यत्स॑म॒ञ्जन्ति॑ दे॒वाः । अह॑रहर्जायते मा॒सिमा॒स्यथा॑ दे॒वा द॑धिरे हव्य॒वाह॑म् ॥
अयं यो होता किरु स यमस्य कमप्यूहे यत्समञ्जन्ति देवाः । अहरहर्जायते मासिमास्यथा देवा दधिरे हव्यवाहम् ॥
ayaṃ yo hotā kir u sa yamasya kam apy ūhe yat samañjanti devāḥ | ahar-ahar jāyate māsi-māsy athā devā dadhire havyavāham ||
English translation:
“Who is this, who is the Hotā? (Afraid) of Yama, what offering does he bear that the gods accept?Agni is born day by day, and month by month, and so the gods have made for themselves a bearer of oblationṣ”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Afraid of Yama: yamasya bhītaḥ san = afraid of Yama, i.e., of death; or, yajamānasya, kam = kam kutam, whatoffering of the worshipper; or, (the servant) of Yama, Agni as the burner of the dead; day by day: the agnihotra ismade daily to the gods, pitṛ-yajña is made monthly to the pitṛs
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): agniḥ saucīkaḥ [agni saucīka];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): devāḥ ;
Chandas (meter): nicṛttriṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
अ॒यम् । यः । होता॑ । किः । ऊँ॒ इति॑ । सः । य॒मस्य॑ । कम् । अपि॑ । ऊ॒हे॒ । यत् । स॒म्ऽअ॒ञ्जन्ति॑ । दे॒वाः । अहः॑ऽअहः । जा॒य॒ते॒ । मा॒सिऽमा॒सि । अथ॑ । दे॒वाः । द॒धि॒रे॒ । ह॒व्य॒ऽवाह॑म् ॥
अयम् । यः । होता । किः । ऊँ इति । सः । यमस्य । कम् । अपि । ऊहे । यत् । सम्अञ्जन्ति । देवाः । अहःअहः । जायते । मासिमासि । अथ । देवाः । दधिरे । हव्यवाहम् ॥
ayam | yaḥ | hotā | kiḥ | oṃ iti | saḥ | yamasya | kam | api | ūhe | yat | sam-añjanti | devāḥ | ahaḥ-ahaḥ | jāyate | māsi-māsi | atha | devāḥ | dadhire | havya-vāham
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 10.52.3 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“who; which; yat [pronoun].”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“Hotṛ.”
[adverb]
[adverb]
“ukāra; besides; now; indeed; u.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
“Yama; yama; twin; yam; Yama; two; bridle; yama [word]; Asvins.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“what; who; ka [pronoun].”
[adverb]
“besides; even; surely; though; furthermore; among; contrastingly; assuredly.”
[verb], singular, Perfect indicative
“diagnose.”
[adverb]
“once [when]; because; that; if; how.”
[verb], plural, Present indikative
“anoint.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“Deva; Hindu deity; king; deity; Indra; deva [word]; God; Jina; Viśvedevās; mercury; natural phenomenon; gambling.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“day; day; ahar [word]; day; day.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“day; day; ahar [word]; day; day.”
[verb], singular, Present indikative
“become; originate; be born; transform; happen; result; grow; beget; produce; create; conceive; separate; cause; give birth; grow; produce; generate; be; become; arise; come on.”
[noun], locative, singular, masculine
“month; lunar month.”
[noun], locative, singular, masculine
“month; lunar month.”
[adverb]
“now; then; furthermore; now; then.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“Deva; Hindu deity; king; deity; Indra; deva [word]; God; Jina; Viśvedevās; mercury; natural phenomenon; gambling.”
[verb], plural, Perfect indicative
“put; give; cause; get; hold; make; provide; lend; wear; install; have; enter (a state); supply; hold; take; show.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“Agni; fire; sacrificial fire.”