Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 10.49.6
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
अ॒हं स यो नव॑वास्त्वं बृ॒हद्र॑थं॒ सं वृ॒त्रेव॒ दासं॑ वृत्र॒हारु॑जम् । यद्व॒र्धय॑न्तं प्र॒थय॑न्तमानु॒षग्दू॒रे पा॒रे रज॑सो रोच॒नाक॑रम् ॥
अहं स यो नववास्त्वं बृहद्रथं सं वृत्रेव दासं वृत्रहारुजम् । यद्वर्धयन्तं प्रथयन्तमानुषग्दूरे पारे रजसो रोचनाकरम् ॥
ahaṃ sa yo navavāstvam bṛhadrathaṃ saṃ vṛtreva dāsaṃ vṛtrahārujam | yad vardhayantam prathayantam ānuṣag dūre pāre rajaso rocanākaram ||
English translation:
“I, the slayer of Vṛtra, am he who crushed Navavāstva and Bṛhadratha, (who crushed) Dāsa like aVṛtra, when I drove to the distant shore of the shining world, (both) my augmenting and outstretched (foes) oneafter the other.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Dāsa like a Vṛtra: vṛtreva dāsam = like the destroyer, the Vṛtra; or, vṛtra iva = like twovṛtras
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): indro vaikuṇṭhaḥ [indra vaikuṇṭha];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indro vaikuṇṭhaḥ;
Chandas (meter): nicṛjjagatī ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
अ॒हम् । सः । यः । नव॑ऽवास्त्वम् । बृ॒हत्ऽर॑थम् । सम् । वृ॒त्राऽइ॑व । दास॑म् । वृ॒त्र॒ऽहा । अरु॑जम् । यत् । व॒र्धय॑न्तम् । प्र॒थय॑न्तम् । आ॒नु॒षक् । दू॒रे । पा॒रे । रज॑सः । रो॒च॒ना । अक॑रम् ॥
अहम् । सः । यः । नववास्त्वम् । बृहत्रथम् । सम् । वृत्राइव । दासम् । वृत्रहा । अरुजम् । यत् । वर्धयन्तम् । प्रथयन्तम् । आनुषक् । दूरे । पारे । रजसः । रोचना । अकरम् ॥
aham | saḥ | yaḥ | nava-vāstvam | bṛhat-ratham | sam | vṛtrāiva | dāsam | vṛtra-hā | arujam | yat | vardhayantam | prathayantam | ānuṣak | dūre | pāre | rajasaḥ | rocanā | akaram
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 10.49.6 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], nominative, singular
“I; mine.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“who; which; yat [pronoun].”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
[adverb]
“sam; together; together; saṃ.”
[noun], accusative, plural, neuter
“enemy.”
[adverb]
“like; as it were; somehow; just so.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“slave; Dāsa; servant; savage; Shudra.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“Indra.”
[verb], singular, Imperfect
“break; bend.”
[adverb]
“once [when]; because; that; if; how.”
[verb noun], accusative, singular
“increase; strengthen; promote; rear; add; greet; laud.”
[verb noun], accusative, singular
“spread; proclaim.”
[adverb]
“correctly; in sequence; punctually.”
[noun], locative, singular, neuter
“distant; long; dūra [word]; deep; far.”
[noun], locative, singular, neuter
“shore; pāra [word]; end; excellence.”
[noun], genitive, singular, neuter
“powder; menorrhea; dust; Rajas; atmosphere; rajas; pollen; passion; rajas [word]; sindūra; rust; tin; impurity; dark; sky.”
[noun], accusative, plural, neuter
“light; celestial sphere.”
[verb], singular, Thematic aorist (Ind.)
“make; perform; cause; produce; shape; construct; do; put; fill into; use; fuel; transform; bore; act; write; create; prepare; administer; dig; prepare; treat; take effect; add; trace; put on; process; treat; heed; hire; act; produce; assume; eat; ignite; chop; treat; obey; manufacture; appoint; evacuate; choose; understand; insert; happen; envelop; weigh; observe; practice; lend; bring; duplicate; plant; kṛ; concentrate; mix; knot; join; take; provide; utter; compose.”