Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 10.48.6
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
अ॒हमे॒ताञ्छाश्व॑सतो॒ द्वाद्वेन्द्रं॒ ये वज्रं॑ यु॒धयेऽकृ॑ण्वत । आ॒ह्वय॑मानाँ॒ अव॒ हन्म॑नाहनं दृ॒ळ्हा वद॒न्नन॑मस्युर्नम॒स्विन॑: ॥
अहमेताञ्छाश्वसतो द्वाद्वेन्द्रं ये वज्रं युधयेऽकृण्वत । आह्वयमानाँ अव हन्मनाहनं दृळ्हा वदन्ननमस्युर्नमस्विनः ॥
aham etāñ chāśvasato dvā-dvendraṃ ye vajraṃ yudhaye 'kṛṇvata | āhvayamānām̐ ava hanmanāhanaṃ dṛḻhā vadann anamasyur namasvinaḥ ||
English translation:
“I destroy those powerful (enemies) two by two who defy the (wielder of the) thunderbolt, Indra, tobattle, I slew them challenging (me to fight) with (great) slaughter, the unbending (slaying) the bending, theuttering stern (menaces).”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Indra: indram, the destroyer of foes
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): indro vaikuṇṭhaḥ [indra vaikuṇṭha];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indro vaikuṇṭhaḥ;
Chandas (meter): svarāḍārcījagatī;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
अ॒हम् । ए॒तान् । शाश्व॑सतः । द्वाऽद्वा॑ । इन्द्र॑म् । ये । वज्र॑म् । यु॒धये॑ । अकृ॑ण्वत । आ॒ऽह्वय॑मानान् । अव॑ । हन्म॑ना । अ॒ह॒न॒म् । दृ॒ळ्हा । वद॑न् । अन॑मस्युः । न॒म॒स्विनः॑ ॥
अहम् । एतान् । शाश्वसतः । द्वाद्वा । इन्द्रम् । ये । वज्रम् । युधये । अकृण्वत । आह्वयमानान् । अव । हन्मना । अहनम् । दृळ्हा । वदन् । अनमस्युः । नमस्विनः ॥
aham | etān | śāśvasataḥ | dvādvā | indram | ye | vajram | yudhaye | akṛṇvata | āhvayamānān | ava | hanmanā | ahanam | dṛḷhā | vadan | anamasyuḥ | namasvinaḥ
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 10.48.6 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], nominative, singular
“I; mine.”
[noun], accusative, plural, masculine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); etad [word].”
[verb noun], accusative, plural
[noun], accusative, dual, masculine
“two; dvi [word]; second.”
[noun], accusative, dual, masculine
“two; dvi [word]; second.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“who; which; yat [pronoun].”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“vajra; Vajra; vajra; vajra; lightning; abhra; vajramūṣā; diamond; vajra [word]; vajrakapāṭa; vajra; vaikrānta.”
[verb noun]
“fight; overcome.”
[verb], plural, Imperfect
“make; perform; cause; produce; shape; construct; do; put; fill into; use; fuel; transform; bore; act; write; create; prepare; administer; dig; prepare; treat; take effect; add; trace; put on; process; treat; heed; hire; act; produce; assume; eat; ignite; chop; treat; obey; manufacture; appoint; evacuate; choose; understand; insert; happen; envelop; weigh; observe; practice; lend; bring; duplicate; plant; kṛ; concentrate; mix; knot; join; take; provide; utter; compose.”
[verb noun], accusative, plural
“raise; call; challenge; invite; call.”
[adverb]
“down.”
[noun], instrumental, singular, neuter
“weapon; blow.”
[verb], singular, Root aorist (Ind.)
“kill; cure; māray; remove; destroy; hit; injure; damage; destroy; paralyze; hurt; forge; beat; cut off; stop; overwhelm; kick; hunt; affect; strike; hammer; love; obstruct; shoot.”
[noun], accusative, plural, neuter
“hard; intense; firm; fixed; resolute; mesomorphic; grim; dṛḍha [word]; rainproof; sturdy; shut; firm; insoluble; strong; tough; tight.”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“describe; teach; speak; tell; say; call; name; enumerate; declare; diagnose; address; say; pronounce; express; instruct; order.”
[adverb]
“not; akāra; a [taddhita]; a [word]; a; a.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“bowed.”
[noun], accusative, plural, masculine
“worshiping; reverent.”