Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 10.45.4
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
अक्र॑न्दद॒ग्निः स्त॒नय॑न्निव॒ द्यौः क्षामा॒ रेरि॑हद्वी॒रुध॑: सम॒ञ्जन् । स॒द्यो ज॑ज्ञा॒नो वि हीमि॒द्धो अख्य॒दा रोद॑सी भा॒नुना॑ भात्य॒न्तः ॥
अक्रन्ददग्निः स्तनयन्निव द्यौः क्षामा रेरिहद्वीरुधः समञ्जन् । सद्यो जज्ञानो वि हीमिद्धो अख्यदा रोदसी भानुना भात्यन्तः ॥
akrandad agniḥ stanayann iva dyauḥ kṣāmā rerihad vīrudhaḥ samañjan | sadyo jajñāno vi hīm iddho akhyad ā rodasī bhānunā bhāty antaḥ ||
English translation:
“Agni cries aloud like the thundering heaven; he licks the earth burning the plural nts; as soon asgenerated, he contemplates this (conflagration); when kindled he blazes with his (own) radiance between heavenand earth.”
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): vatsapriḥ [vatsapri];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): agniḥ ;
Chandas (meter): nicṛttriṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
अक्र॑न्दत् । अ॒ग्निः । स्त॒नय॑न्ऽइव । द्यौः । क्षाम॑ । रेरि॑हत् । वी॒रुधः॑ । स॒म्ऽअ॒ञ्जन् । स॒द्यः । ज॒ज्ञा॒नः । वि । हि । ई॒म् । इ॒द्धः । अख्य॑त् । आ । रोद॑सी॒ इति॑ । भा॒नुना॑ । भा॒ति॒ । अ॒न्तरिति॑ ॥
अक्रन्दत् । अग्निः । स्तनयन्इव । द्यौः । क्षाम । रेरिहत् । वीरुधः । सम्अञ्जन् । सद्यः । जज्ञानः । वि । हि । ईम् । इद्धः । अख्यत् । आ । रोदसी इति । भानुना । भाति । अन्तरिति ॥
akrandat | agniḥ | stanayan-iva | dyauḥ | kṣāma | rerihat | vīrudhaḥ | sam-añjan | sadyaḥ | jajñānaḥ | vi | hi | īm | iddhaḥ | akhyat | ā | rodasī iti | bhānunā | bhāti | antariti
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 10.45.4 English analysis of grammar]
[verb], singular, Imperfect
“roar; neigh; cry; howl; shout.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“fire; Agni; sacrificial fire; digestion; cautery; Plumbago zeylanica; fire; vahni; agni [word]; agnikarman; gold; three; jāraṇa; pyre; fireplace; heating.”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“thunder; thunder.”
[adverb]
“like; as it were; somehow; just so.”
[noun], nominative, singular
“sky; Svarga; day; div [word]; heaven and earth; day; dawn.”
[noun], accusative, dual, feminine
“Earth; heaven and earth.”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“lick.”
[noun], accusative, plural, feminine
“plant; shrub.”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“anoint.”
[adverb]
“immediately; just; daily; sadyas [word].”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“become; originate; be born; transform; happen; result; grow; beget; produce; create; conceive; separate; cause; give birth; grow; produce; generate; be; become; arise; come on.”
[adverb]
“apart; away; away.”
[adverb]
“because; indeed; for; therefore; hi [word].”
[adverb]
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“kindle; ignite; set ablaze.”
[verb], singular, Thematic aorist (Ind.)
“name; describe; call; enumerate; watch; know.”
[adverb]
“towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”
[noun], accusative, dual, neuter
“heaven and earth; Earth.”
[noun], instrumental, singular, masculine
“sun; Surya; Calotropis gigantea Beng.; sunbeam; beam; luminosity; copper; light; twelve; appearance; Bhānu; flare.”
[verb], singular, Present indikative
“look; shine; show; look like; glitter; reflect.”
[adverb]
“inside; in; antar [word]; midmost; between; among.”