Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 10.43.11

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

बृह॒स्पति॑र्न॒: परि॑ पातु प॒श्चादु॒तोत्त॑रस्मा॒दध॑रादघा॒योः । इन्द्र॑: पु॒रस्ता॑दु॒त म॑ध्य॒तो न॒: सखा॒ सखि॑भ्यो॒ वरि॑वः कृणोतु ॥
बृहस्पतिर्नः परि पातु पश्चादुतोत्तरस्मादधरादघायोः । इन्द्रः पुरस्तादुत मध्यतो नः सखा सखिभ्यो वरिवः कृणोतु ॥
bṛhaspatir naḥ pari pātu paścād utottarasmād adharād aghāyoḥ | indraḥ purastād uta madhyato naḥ sakhā sakhibhyo varivaḥ kṛṇotu ||

English translation:

“May Bṛhaspati defend us from a malignant (foe) coming from behind, from above, or from below; mayIndra defend us from foes in front and in the middle; may he, our friend, bestow wealth upon (us) his friends.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Theṛcas 10 and 11 are repetitions of ṛcas 10 and 11 of the previous sūkta

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): kṛṣṇaḥ [kṛṣṇa];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): triṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

बृ॒हस्पतिः॑ । नः॒ । परि॑ । पा॒तु॒ । प॒श्चात् । उ॒त । उत्ऽत॑रस्मात् । अध॑रात् । अ॒घ॒ऽयोः । इन्द्रः॑ । पु॒रस्ता॑त् । उ॒त । म॒ध्य॒तः । नः॒ । सखा॑ । सखि॑ऽभ्यः । वरि॑ऽवः । कृ॒णो॒तु॒ ॥
बृहस्पतिः । नः । परि । पातु । पश्चात् । उत । उत्तरस्मात् । अधरात् । अघयोः । इन्द्रः । पुरस्तात् । उत । मध्यतः । नः । सखा । सखिभ्यः । वरिवः । कृणोतु ॥
bṛhaspatiḥ | naḥ | pari | pātu | paścāt | uta | ut-tarasmāt | adharāt | agha-yoḥ | indraḥ | purastāt | uta | madhyataḥ | naḥ | sakhā | sakhi-bhyaḥ | vari-vaḥ | kṛṇotu

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 10.43.11 English analysis of grammar]

bṛhaspatir < bṛhaspatiḥ < bṛhaspati

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“Brihaspati; Jupiter; Bṛhaspati.”

naḥ < mad

[noun], accusative, plural

“I; mine.”

pari

[adverb]

“from; about; around.”

pātu <

[verb], singular, Present imperative

“protect; govern.”

paścād < paścāt

[adverb]

“subsequently; westward; paścāt [word]; after; back.”

utottarasmād < uta

[adverb]

“and; besides; uta [indecl.]; similarly; alike; even.”

utottarasmād < uttarasmāt < uttara

[noun], ablative, singular, masculine

“northern; following; upper; additional; better; more(a); last; concluding; superior; later(a); uttara [word]; prevailing; future; left; northerly; northerly; higher; second; dominant; excellent; chief(a).”

adharād < adharāt

[adverb]

“below; south.”

aghāyoḥ < aghāyu

[noun], ablative, singular, masculine

“malevolent.”

indraḥ < indra

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”

purastād < purastāt

[adverb]

“ahead; eastward; earlier; above; above.”

uta

[adverb]

“and; besides; uta [indecl.]; similarly; alike; even.”

madhyato < madhyatas

[adverb]

“in.”

naḥ < mad

[noun], dative, plural

“I; mine.”

sakhā < sakhi

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“friend; companion; sakhi [word].”

sakhibhyo < sakhibhyaḥ < sakhi

[noun], dative, plural, masculine

“friend; companion; sakhi [word].”

varivaḥ < varivas

[noun], accusative, singular, neuter

“room; varivas [word]; space; escape.”

kṛṇotu < kṛ

[verb], singular, Present imperative

“make; perform; cause; produce; shape; construct; do; put; fill into; use; fuel; transform; bore; act; write; create; prepare; administer; dig; prepare; treat; take effect; add; trace; put on; process; treat; heed; hire; act; produce; assume; eat; ignite; chop; treat; obey; manufacture; appoint; evacuate; choose; understand; insert; happen; envelop; weigh; observe; practice; lend; bring; duplicate; plant; kṛ; concentrate; mix; knot; join; take; provide; utter; compose.”

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