Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 10.40.13

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

ता म॑न्दसा॒ना मनु॑षो दुरो॒ण आ ध॒त्तं र॒यिं स॒हवी॑रं वच॒स्यवे॑ । कृ॒तं ती॒र्थं सु॑प्रपा॒णं शु॑भस्पती स्था॒णुं प॑थे॒ष्ठामप॑ दुर्म॒तिं ह॑तम् ॥
ता मन्दसाना मनुषो दुरोण आ धत्तं रयिं सहवीरं वचस्यवे । कृतं तीर्थं सुप्रपाणं शुभस्पती स्थाणुं पथेष्ठामप दुर्मतिं हतम् ॥
tā mandasānā manuṣo duroṇa ā dhattaṃ rayiṃ sahavīraṃ vacasyave | kṛtaṃ tīrthaṃ suprapāṇaṃ śubhas patī sthāṇum patheṣṭhām apa durmatiṃ hatam ||

English translation:

“Exulting, do you bestow riches, comprehending male progeny, in the house of my husband, on me,who desire to praise you; lords of waters, make the sacred ford good to drink; remove the tree that stands in theroad and the malevolent (enemy).”

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): ghoṣā kākṣīvatī;
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): aśvinau ;
Chandas (meter): jagatī ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

ता । म॒न्द॒सा॒ना । मनु॑षः । दु॒रो॒णे । आ । ध॒त्तम् । र॒यिम् । स॒हऽवी॑रम् । व॒च॒स्यवे॑ । कृ॒तम् । ती॒र्थम् । सु॒ऽप्र॒पा॒नम् । शु॒भः॒ । प॒ती॒ इति॑ । स्था॒णुम् । प॒थे॒ऽस्थाम् । अप॑ । दुः॒ऽम॒तिम् । ह॒त॒म् ॥
ता । मन्दसाना । मनुषः । दुरोणे । आ । धत्तम् । रयिम् । सहवीरम् । वचस्यवे । कृतम् । तीर्थम् । सुप्रपानम् । शुभः । पती इति । स्थाणुम् । पथेस्थाम् । अप । दुःमतिम् । हतम् ॥
tā | mandasānā | manuṣaḥ | duroṇe | ā | dhattam | rayim | saha-vīram | vacasyave | kṛtam | tīrtham | su-prapānam | śubhaḥ | patī iti | sthāṇum | pathe--sthām | apa | duḥ-matim | hatam

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 10.40.13 English analysis of grammar]

< tad

[noun], nominative, dual, masculine

“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”

mandasānā < mand

[verb noun], nominative, dual

“rejoice; exhilarate.”

manuṣo < manuṣaḥ < manus

[noun], genitive, singular, masculine

“Manu; man.”

duroṇa < duroṇe < duroṇa

[noun], locative, singular, neuter

“home; dwelling.”

ā

[adverb]

“towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”

dhattaṃ < dhattam < dhā

[verb], dual, Present imperative

“put; give; cause; get; hold; make; provide; lend; wear; install; have; enter (a state); supply; hold; take; show.”

rayiṃ < rayim < rayi

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“wealth; property.”

sahavīraṃ < saha

[adverb]

“together; together; with; jointly; together; saha [word]; along.”

sahavīraṃ < vīram < vīra

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“hero; man; Vīra; vīra; vīra [word]; Vīra.”

vacasyave < vacasyu

[noun], dative, singular, masculine

“eloquent.”

kṛtaṃ < kṛtam < kṛ

[verb], dual, Aorist imperative

“make; perform; cause; produce; shape; construct; do; put; fill into; use; fuel; transform; bore; act; write; create; prepare; administer; dig; prepare; treat; take effect; add; trace; put on; process; treat; heed; hire; act; produce; assume; eat; ignite; chop; treat; obey; manufacture; appoint; evacuate; choose; understand; insert; happen; envelop; weigh; observe; practice; lend; bring; duplicate; plant; kṛ; concentrate; mix; knot; join; take; provide; utter; compose.”

tīrthaṃ < tīrtham < tīrtha

[noun], accusative, singular, neuter

“Tīrtha; ford; tīrtha [word]; guru; administrator; fingertip; landing.”

suprapāṇaṃ < su

[adverb]

“very; well; good; nicely; beautiful; su; early; quite.”

suprapāṇaṃ < prapāṇam < prapāṇa

[noun], accusative, singular, neuter

“drink; drinking.”

śubhas < śubh

[noun], genitive, singular, feminine

patī < pati

[noun], vocative, dual, masculine

“husband; overlord; king; deity; īśvara; ruler; pati [word]; commanding officer; leader; owner; mayor; lord.”

sthāṇum < sthāṇu

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“stump; post.”

patheṣṭhām < patheṣṭhā

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

apa

[adverb]

“away.”

durmatiṃ < durmatim < durmati

[noun], accusative, singular, feminine

“hate; envy.”

hatam < han

[verb], dual, Present imperative

“kill; cure; māray; remove; destroy; hit; injure; damage; destroy; paralyze; hurt; forge; beat; cut off; stop; overwhelm; kick; hunt; affect; strike; hammer; love; obstruct; shoot.”

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