Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 10.40.8
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
यु॒वं ह॑ कृ॒शं यु॒वम॑श्विना श॒युं यु॒वं वि॒धन्तं॑ वि॒धवा॑मुरुष्यथः । यु॒वं स॒निभ्य॑: स्त॒नय॑न्तमश्वि॒नाप॑ व्र॒जमू॑र्णुथः स॒प्तास्य॑म् ॥
युवं ह कृशं युवमश्विना शयुं युवं विधन्तं विधवामुरुष्यथः । युवं सनिभ्यः स्तनयन्तमश्विनाप व्रजमूर्णुथः सप्तास्यम् ॥
yuvaṃ ha kṛśaṃ yuvam aśvinā śayuṃ yuvaṃ vidhantaṃ vidhavām uruṣyathaḥ | yuvaṃ sanibhyaḥ stanayantam aśvināpa vrajam ūrṇuthaḥ saptāsyam ||
English translation:
“Verily, Aśvins, you protect the feeble man; you protected Śayu; you protect him who worshipsaccording to rule, and the widow, (Vadhrimati); you set open, O Aśvins, for the donors of oblations theseven-mouthed thundering cloud.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
The feeble man: or, Kṛśa, a proper name; seven-mouthed: saptāsyam = liṭ,seven-mouthed; i.e., having shifting doors or openings, sarpaṇaśīladvāram; Ghoṣā, having become eligibleas a wife, here expresses her desire for a husband
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): ghoṣā kākṣīvatī;Devatā (deity/subject-matter): aśvinau ;
Chandas (meter): pādanicṛjjgatī ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
यु॒वम् । ह॒ । कृ॒शम् । यु॒वम् । अ॒श्वि॒ना॒ । श॒युम् । यु॒वम् । वि॒धन्त॑म् । वि॒धवा॑म् । उ॒रु॒ष्य॒थः॒ । यु॒वम् । स॒निऽभ्यः॑ । स्त॒नय॑न्तम् । अ॒श्वि॒ना॒ । अप॑ । व्र॒जम् । ऊ॒र्णु॒थः॒ । स॒प्तऽआ॑स्यम् ॥
युवम् । ह । कृशम् । युवम् । अश्विना । शयुम् । युवम् । विधन्तम् । विधवाम् । उरुष्यथः । युवम् । सनिभ्यः । स्तनयन्तम् । अश्विना । अप । व्रजम् । ऊर्णुथः । सप्तआस्यम् ॥
yuvam | ha | kṛśam | yuvam | aśvinā | śayum | yuvam | vidhantam | vidhavām | uruṣyathaḥ | yuvam | sani-bhyaḥ | stanayantam | aśvinā | apa | vrajam | ūrṇuthaḥ | sapta-āsyam
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 10.40.8 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], nominative, dual, masculine
“you.”
[adverb]
“indeed; ha [word].”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“Kṛśa.”
[noun], nominative, dual, masculine
“you.”
[noun], vocative, dual, masculine
“Asvins; two.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
[noun], nominative, dual, masculine
“you.”
[verb noun], accusative, singular
“worship; offer.”
[noun], accusative, singular, feminine
“widow.”
[verb], dual, Present indikative
“protect; help.”
[noun], nominative, dual, masculine
“you.”
[noun], dative, plural, masculine
“gain.”
[verb noun], accusative, singular
“thunder; thunder.”
[noun], vocative, dual, masculine
“Asvins; two.”
[adverb]
“away.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“cow pen; Vraja; battalion; Vraja; Vraja; vraja [word]; vraj; herd; flock; group.”
[verb], dual, Present indikative
“surround; accompany; cover; cover; obstruct; check; spread; envelop.”
[noun]
“seven; seventh.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“mouth; mouth; aperture; face; mukha; jaw; point.”