Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 10.40.4
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
यु॒वां मृ॒गेव॑ वार॒णा मृ॑ग॒ण्यवो॑ दो॒षा वस्तो॑र्ह॒विषा॒ नि ह्व॑यामहे । यु॒वं होत्रा॑मृतु॒था जुह्व॑ते न॒रेषं॒ जना॑य वहथः शुभस्पती ॥
युवां मृगेव वारणा मृगण्यवो दोषा वस्तोर्हविषा नि ह्वयामहे । युवं होत्रामृतुथा जुह्वते नरेषं जनाय वहथः शुभस्पती ॥
yuvām mṛgeva vāraṇā mṛgaṇyavo doṣā vastor haviṣā ni hvayāmahe | yuvaṃ hotrām ṛtuthā juhvate nareṣaṃ janāya vahathaḥ śubhas patī ||
English translation:
“Like perons hunting two wild elephants, we praise you, Aśvins, with oblations night and day; at all dueseasons, leaders (of rites), (the worshipper) offers you the oblation; do you, who are rulers of the shining (rain),bring food to mankind.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Hunting two wild elephants: hunting two elephants like tigers
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): ghoṣā kākṣīvatī;Devatā (deity/subject-matter): aśvinau ;
Chandas (meter): nicṛjjagatī ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
यु॒वाम् । मृ॒गाऽइ॑व । वा॒र॒णा । मृ॒ग॒ण्यवः॑ । दो॒षा । वस्तोः॑ । ह॒विषा॑ । नि । ह्व॒या॒म॒हे॒ । यु॒वम् । होत्रा॑म् । ऋ॒तु॒ऽथा । जुह्व॑ते । न॒रा॒ । इष॑म् । जना॑य । व॒ह॒थः॒ । शु॒भः॒ । प॒ती॒ इति॑ ॥
युवाम् । मृगाइव । वारणा । मृगण्यवः । दोषा । वस्तोः । हविषा । नि । ह्वयामहे । युवम् । होत्राम् । ऋतुथा । जुह्वते । नरा । इषम् । जनाय । वहथः । शुभः । पती इति ॥
yuvām | mṛgāiva | vāraṇā | mṛgaṇyavaḥ | doṣā | vastoḥ | haviṣā | ni | hvayāmahe | yuvam | hotrām | ṛtu-thā | juhvate | narā | iṣam | janāya | vahathaḥ | śubhaḥ | patī iti
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 10.40.4 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], accusative, dual, masculine
“you.”
[noun], accusative, dual, masculine
“game; deer; animal; antelope; mṛga [word]; Mṛgaśiras.”
[adverb]
“like; as it were; somehow; just so.”
[noun], accusative, dual, masculine
“elephant; elephant hook.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
[adverb]
“in the evening.”
[noun], genitive, singular, feminine
“dawn.”
[noun], instrumental, singular, neuter
“Havya; offering; ghee; havis [word].”
[adverb]
“back; down.”
[verb], plural, Present indikative
“raise; call on; call; summon.”
[noun], nominative, dual, masculine
“you.”
[noun], accusative, singular, feminine
“hotrā [word]; Hautra.”
[adverb]
“seasonably.”
[verb noun], dative, singular
“sacrifice; offer; pour; worship.”
[noun], vocative, dual, masculine
“man; man; nṛ [word]; crew; masculine.”
[noun], accusative, singular, feminine
“refreshment; enjoyment; stores.”
[noun], dative, singular, masculine
“people; national; man; relative; jan; Janaloka; person; jana [word]; man; attendant; Jana; foreigner; inhabitant; group.”
[verb], dual, Present indikative
“transport; bring; marry; run; drive; vāhay; drive; run; pull; nirvāpay; blow; transport; discharge; assume; remove.”
[noun], genitive, singular, feminine
[noun], vocative, dual, masculine
“husband; overlord; king; deity; īśvara; ruler; pati [word]; commanding officer; leader; owner; mayor; lord.”