Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 10.40.2
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
कुह॑ स्विद्दो॒षा कुह॒ वस्तो॑र॒श्विना॒ कुहा॑भिपि॒त्वं क॑रत॒: कुहो॑षतुः । को वां॑ शयु॒त्रा वि॒धवे॑व दे॒वरं॒ मर्यं॒ न योषा॑ कृणुते स॒धस्थ॒ आ ॥
कुह स्विद्दोषा कुह वस्तोरश्विना कुहाभिपित्वं करतः कुहोषतुः । को वां शयुत्रा विधवेव देवरं मर्यं न योषा कृणुते सधस्थ आ ॥
kuha svid doṣā kuha vastor aśvinā kuhābhipitvaṃ karataḥ kuhoṣatuḥ | ko vāṃ śayutrā vidhaveva devaram maryaṃ na yoṣā kṛṇute sadhastha ā ||
English translation:
“Where are you, Aśvins, by night? Where are you by day? Where do you sojourn? Where do youdwell? Who brings you into his presence in the same plural ce (of sacrifice) as on her couch a widow (brings) herhusband's brother, as a woman (brings) her husband (to her).”
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): ghoṣā kākṣīvatī;Devatā (deity/subject-matter): aśvinau ;
Chandas (meter): jagatī ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
कुह॑ । स्वि॒त् । दो॒षा । कुह॑ । वस्तोः॑ । अ॒श्विना॑ । कुह॑ । अ॒भि॒ऽपि॒त्वम् । क॒र॒तः॒ । कुह॑ । ऊ॒ष॒तुः॒ । कः । वा॒म् । श॒यु॒ऽत्रा । वि॒धवा॑ऽइव । दे॒वर॑म् । मर्य॑म् । न । योषा॑ । कृ॒णु॒ते॒ । स॒धऽस्थे॑ । आ ॥
कुह । स्वित् । दोषा । कुह । वस्तोः । अश्विना । कुह । अभिपित्वम् । करतः । कुह । ऊषतुः । कः । वाम् । शयुत्रा । विधवाइव । देवरम् । मर्यम् । न । योषा । कृणुते । सधस्थे । आ ॥
kuha | svit | doṣā | kuha | vastoḥ | aśvinā | kuha | abhi-pitvam | karataḥ | kuha | ūṣatuḥ | kaḥ | vām | śayu-trā | vidhavāiva | devaram | maryam | na | yoṣā | kṛṇute | sadha-sthe | ā
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 10.40.2 English analysis of grammar]
[adverb]
“wherein.”
[adverb]
“svid [word].”
[adverb]
“in the evening.”
[adverb]
“wherein.”
[noun], genitive, singular, feminine
“dawn.”
[noun], nominative, dual, masculine
“Asvins; two.”
[adverb]
“wherein.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
[verb], dual, Aorist conj./subj.
“make; perform; cause; produce; shape; construct; do; put; fill into; use; fuel; transform; bore; act; write; create; prepare; administer; dig; prepare; treat; take effect; add; trace; put on; process; treat; heed; hire; act; produce; assume; eat; ignite; chop; treat; obey; manufacture; appoint; evacuate; choose; understand; insert; happen; envelop; weigh; observe; practice; lend; bring; duplicate; plant; kṛ; concentrate; mix; knot; join; take; provide; utter; compose.”
[adverb]
“wherein.”
[verb], dual, Perfect indicative
“stay; dwell; get stale; be situated; exist; continue; bide.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“what; who; ka [pronoun].”
[noun], accusative, dual
“you.”
[adverb]
[noun], nominative, singular, feminine
“widow.”
[adverb]
“like; as it were; somehow; just so.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“husband; brother-in-law.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“young buck; boyfriend.”
[adverb]
“not; like; no; na [word].”
[noun], nominative, singular, feminine
“woman; puppet; daughter.”
[verb], singular, Present indikative
“make; perform; cause; produce; shape; construct; do; put; fill into; use; fuel; transform; bore; act; write; create; prepare; administer; dig; prepare; treat; take effect; add; trace; put on; process; treat; heed; hire; act; produce; assume; eat; ignite; chop; treat; obey; manufacture; appoint; evacuate; choose; understand; insert; happen; envelop; weigh; observe; practice; lend; bring; duplicate; plant; kṛ; concentrate; mix; knot; join; take; provide; utter; compose.”
[noun], locative, singular, neuter
“dwelling; location; home.”
[adverb]
“towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”