Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 10.34.10
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
जा॒या त॑प्यते कित॒वस्य॑ ही॒ना मा॒ता पु॒त्रस्य॒ चर॑त॒: क्व॑ स्वित् । ऋ॒णा॒वा बिभ्य॒द्धन॑मि॒च्छमा॑नो॒ऽन्येषा॒मस्त॒मुप॒ नक्त॑मेति ॥
जाया तप्यते कितवस्य हीना माता पुत्रस्य चरतः क्व स्वित् । ऋणावा बिभ्यद्धनमिच्छमानोऽन्येषामस्तमुप नक्तमेति ॥
jāyā tapyate kitavasya hīnā mātā putrasya carataḥ kva svit | ṛṇāvā bibhyad dhanam icchamāno 'nyeṣām astam upa naktam eti ||
English translation:
“The deserted wife of the gamester is afflicted; the mother (grieves) for the son wandering wherever helikes; involved in debt, ever in fear, anxious for wealth, (the gambler) goes forth by night to the dwellings of others(to plural nder).”
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): kavaṣa ailūṣa akṣo vā maujavān [kavaṣa ailūṣa akṣa vā maujavān];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): akṣakitavanindā;
Chandas (meter): virāṭtrisṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
जा॒या । त॒प्य॒ते॒ । कित॒वस्य॑ । ही॒ना । मा॒ता । पु॒त्रस्य॑ । चर॑तः । क्व॑ । स्वि॒त् । ऋ॒ण॒ऽवा । बि॒भ्य॒त् । धन॑म् । इ॒च्छमा॑नः । अ॒न्येषा॑म् । अस्त॑म् । उप॑ । नक्त॑म् । ए॒ति॒ ॥
जाया । तप्यते । कितवस्य । हीना । माता । पुत्रस्य । चरतः । क्व । स्वित् । ऋणवा । बिभ्यत् । धनम् । इच्छमानः । अन्येषाम् । अस्तम् । उप । नक्तम् । एति ॥
jāyā | tapyate | kitavasya | hīnā | mātā | putrasya | carataḥ | kva | svit | ṛṇa-vā | bibhyat | dhanam | icchamānaḥ | anyeṣām | astam | upa | naktam | eti
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 10.34.10 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], nominative, singular, feminine
“wife; jāyā [word].”
[verb], singular, Indikativ Pr￤s. Passiv
“heat; burn; grieve; afflict; burn; afflict; trouble; boil.”
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
“gambler; deceiver; thorn apple; kitava [word].”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“abandon; decrease; want; kill; deteriorate; get rid of; exclude; lose; avoid; remove; leave; abandon; neglect; leave; discard; apostatize; discontinue; weaken; abandon; assail; subtract; foreswear; pour away; withdraw; depart; reduce.”
[noun], nominative, singular, feminine
“mother; mātṛkā; mātṛ [word]; parent; Salvinia cucullata Roxb.; Citrullus colocynthis Schrad.; cow.”
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
“son; putra [word]; male child; Putra; Bodhisattva.”
[verb noun], genitive, singular
“car; wander; perform; travel; bore; produce; make; dwell; dig; act; observe; enter (a state); observe; cause; crop; behave; practice; heed; process; administer.”
[adverb]
“wherein; how; kva [word].”
[adverb]
“svid [word].”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“indebted(p).”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“fear; fear.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“wealth; property; money; treasure; prize; dhana [word]; valuable; dhan; capital; fight.”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“desire; recommend; approve; seek; call; search; try; prefer; love; commend; assent; permit; choose.”
[noun], genitive, plural, masculine
“other; another(a); remaining; different; anya [word]; other than; more(a); fresh; any(a).”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“home.”
[adverb]
“towards; on; next.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“night; night.”
[verb], singular, Present indikative
“go; travel; enter (a state); return; walk; continue; reach; ask.”