Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 10.31.7
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
किं स्वि॒द्वनं॒ क उ॒ स वृ॒क्ष आ॑स॒ यतो॒ द्यावा॑पृथि॒वी नि॑ष्टत॒क्षुः । सं॒त॒स्था॒ने अ॒जरे॑ इ॒तऊ॑ती॒ अहा॑नि पू॒र्वीरु॒षसो॑ जरन्त ॥
किं स्विद्वनं क उ स वृक्ष आस यतो द्यावापृथिवी निष्टतक्षुः । संतस्थाने अजरे इतऊती अहानि पूर्वीरुषसो जरन्त ॥
kiṃ svid vanaṃ ka u sa vṛkṣa āsa yato dyāvāpṛthivī niṣṭatakṣuḥ | saṃtasthāne ajare itaūtī ahāni pūrvīr uṣaso jaranta ||
English translation:
“What is the forest, which is the tree, out of which (the gods) have fabricated heaven and earth,ever-stationary and undecaying, giving protection to the deities; through numerous days and dawns (men)praises (the gods for this).”
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): kavaṣa ailūṣaḥ [kavaṣa ailūṣa];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): viśvedevā:;
Chandas (meter): triṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
किम् । स्वि॒त् । वन॑म् । कः । ऊँ॒ इति॑ । सः । वृ॒क्षः । आ॒स॒ । यतः॑ । द्यावा॑पृथि॒वी इति॑ । निः॒ऽत॒त॒क्षुः । स॒न्त॒स्था॒ने इति॑ स॒म्ऽत॒स्था॒ने । अ॒जरे॒ इति॑ । इ॒तऊ॑ती॒ इती॒तःऽऊ॑ती । अहा॑नि । पू॒र्वीः । उ॒षसः॑ । ज॒र॒न्त॒ ॥
किम् । स्वित् । वनम् । कः । ऊँ इति । सः । वृक्षः । आस । यतः । द्यावापृथिवी इति । निःततक्षुः । सन्तस्थाने इति सम्तस्थाने । अजरे इति । इतऊती इतीतःऊती । अहानि । पूर्वीः । उषसः । जरन्त ॥
kim | svit | vanam | kaḥ | oṃ iti | saḥ | vṛkṣaḥ | āsa | yataḥ | dyāvāpṛthivī iti | niḥ-tatakṣuḥ | santasthāne itisam-tasthāne | ajareiti | itaūtī itītaḥ-ūtī | ahāni | pūrvīḥ | uṣasaḥ | jaranta
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 10.31.7 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“what; who; ka [pronoun].”
[adverb]
“svid [word].”
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“forest; wood; tree; grove; vana [word]; forest; brush.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“what; who; ka [pronoun].”
[adverb]
“ukāra; besides; now; indeed; u.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“tree; fruit tree.”
[verb], singular, Perfect indicative
“be; exist; become; originate; happen; result; be; dwell; be born; stay; be; equal; exist; transform.”
[adverb]
“from which; whence; wherein.”
[noun], accusative, dual, feminine
“heaven and earth; dyāvāpṛthivī [word].”
[verb], plural, Perfect indicative
“create; fashion; carve; shape.”
[verb noun], accusative, dual
“situate; stay; stand; die; get stale; inhere; dwell; end; happen.”
[noun], accusative, dual, feminine
“undecaying; ageless.”
[noun], accusative, dual, feminine
“helpful; abiding.”
[noun], nominative, plural, neuter
“day; day; ahar [word]; day; day.”
[noun], accusative, plural, feminine
“many; much(a); very.”
[noun], accusative, plural, feminine
“Ushas; dawn; uṣas [word]; morning.”
[verb], plural, Present injunctive
“jṛ; digest; age; cook; boil down; decay; decay; ripen.”